以下是我的表格：
CREATE TABLE `articles` (
`id` int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment,
`author_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`date_created` datetime not null,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE `article_contents` (
`article_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`title` varchar(100) not null,
`content` text not null,
PRIMARY KEY(article_id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE `article_images` (
`article_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`filename` varchar(100) not null,
`date_added` datetime not null,
UNIQUE INDEX(article_id, filename)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
每篇文章都可以有一个或多个与之关联的图片。我想在页面上显示最近40篇文章，以及与文章相关的最新图像。我无法弄清楚的是如何加入article_images表，只检索一行。
编辑：解决方案表现良好非常重要。我到目前为止看到的解决方案 - 使用派生表 - 需要一分钟或更长时间才能完成。
答案 0 :(得分：23)
在查看其他答案之后，它帮助我实现了潜在的问题。
articles表和article_images表都需要有一个额外的索引。
这就是你现在所拥有的：
CREATE TABLE `articles` (
`id` int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment,
`author_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`date_created` datetime not null,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE `article_images` (
`article_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`filename` varchar(100) not null,
`date_added` datetime not null,
UNIQUE INDEX(article_id, filename)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
这就是你需要的：
CREATE TABLE `articles` (
`id` int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment,
`author_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`date_created` datetime not null,
PRIMARY KEY(id),
INDEX (date_created DESC)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE `article_images` (
`article_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`filename` varchar(100) not null,
`date_added` datetime not null,
UNIQUE INDEX (article_id, filename),
INDEX (article_id, date_added),
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
物品
按插入日期降序排列文章的新索引
article_images
仍然需要第一个索引，因为它将防止将具有相同文件名的另一个图像附加到文章上
第二个索引将使查找最新图像变得简单，
使用这些新索引，以下是将进行出价的查询：
SELECT
AAA.author_id,
AAA.date_created,
IFNULL(BBB.title,'<NO_TITLE>') title,
IFNULL(CCC.filename,'<NO-IMAGE>') filename
FROM
(
SELECT
AA.id,
AA.date_added,
BB.author_id,
BB.date_created
FROM
(
SELECT
A.id,IFNULL(MAX(B.date_added),'1900-01-01 00:00:00') date_added
FROM (SELECT id FROM articles ORDER BY date_created DESC LIMIT 40) A
LEFT JOIN article_images B ON A.id = B.article_id
GROUP BY A.id
) AA
INNER JOIN articles BB USING (id)
) AAA
LEFT JOIN article_contents BBB ON AAA.id=BBB.article_id
LEFT JOIN article_images CCC
ON (AAA.id=CCC.article_id AND AAA.date_added=CCC.date_added)
ORDER BY AAA.date_created DESC;
目标是首先创建一个只有40行的内部子查询。这就是AA应该带回来的。子查询AAA应该具有文章信息以及插入最后一个图像的日期。最后一组连接应该将40个ID与标题和图像连接起来。最后一步是以降序显示结果集。
由于我没有样本数据，我在名为stuff
的示例数据库中编写了三个存储过程1制作表格
DELIMITER $$
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `stuff`.`MakeTables` $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `stuff`.`MakeTables` ()
BEGIN
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS articles;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS article_contents;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS article_images;
CREATE TABLE `articles` (
`id` int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment,
`author_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`date_created` datetime not null,
PRIMARY KEY(id),
INDEX (date_created DESC)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE `article_contents` (
`article_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`title` varchar(100) not null,
`content` text not null,
PRIMARY KEY(article_id)) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE `article_images` (
`article_id` int(10) unsigned not null,
`filename` varchar(100) not null,
`date_added` datetime not null,
UNIQUE INDEX (article_id, filename),
INDEX (article_id, date_added)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
END $$
DELIMITER ;
1来制作数据
DELIMITER $$
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `stuff`.`LoadSampleData` $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `stuff`.`LoadSampleData` ()
BEGIN
DECLARE x,y,z INT;
SET x = 1;
WHILE x <= 100 DO
INSERT INTO articles (author_id,date_created) VALUES
(RAND() * POWER(2,31),
DATE('1970-01-01 00:00:00') + INTERVAL (RAND() * POWER(2,30)) SECOND);
SET x = x + 1;
END WHILE;
SET x = 1;
WHILE x <= 100 DO
SET y = FLOOR(RAND() * 100);
IF y >= 30 THEN
INSERT INTO article_contents
VALUES (x,
CONCAT('TITLE_',FLOOR(RAND() * POWER(2,31))),
CONCAT('CONTENT_',FLOOR(RAND() * POWER(2,31))));
END IF;
SET x = x + 1;
END WHILE;
SET x = 1;
WHILE x <= 100 DO
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO y FROM article_contents WHERE article_id = x;
IF y = 1 THEN
SET y = 0;
WHILE y < 20 DO
SET y = y + 1;
SET z = FLOOR(RAND() * 10);
IF z >= 5 THEN
INSERT INTO article_images
VALUES (x,
CONCAT('IMAGE_',FLOOR(RAND() * POWER(2,31))),
DATE('1970-01-01 00:00:00') + INTERVAL (RAND() * POWER(2,30)) SECOND);
END IF;
END WHILE;
END IF;
SET x = x + 1;
END WHILE;
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO x FROM articles;
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO y FROM article_contents;
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO z FROM article_images;
SELECT CONCAT('Articles:',x,' Titles:',y,' Images: ',z) Results;
END $$
DELIMITER ;
1运行查询
DELIMITER $$
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `stuff`.`ShowLast40` $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `stuff`.`ShowLast40` ()
BEGIN
SELECT
AAA.author_id,
AAA.date_created,
IFNULL(BBB.title,'<NO_TITLE>') title,
IFNULL(CCC.filename,'<NO-IMAGE>') filename
FROM
(
SELECT
AA.id,
AA.date_added,
BB.author_id,
BB.date_created
FROM
(
SELECT
A.id,IFNULL(MAX(B.date_added),'1900-01-01 00:00:00') date_added
FROM (SELECT id FROM articles ORDER BY date_created DESC LIMIT 40) A
LEFT JOIN article_images B ON A.id = B.article_id
GROUP BY A.id
) AA
INNER JOIN articles BB USING (id)
) AAA
LEFT JOIN article_contents BBB ON AAA.id=BBB.article_id
LEFT JOIN article_images CCC
ON (AAA.id=CCC.article_id AND AAA.date_added=CCC.date_added)
ORDER BY AAA.date_created DESC;
END $$
DELIMITER ;
以下是我在Windows桌面（MySQL 5.5.12）上运行时的示例输出：
mysql> call maketables; call loadsampledata;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec)
+------------------------------------+
| Results |
+------------------------------------+
| Articles:100 Titles:67 Images: 666 |
+------------------------------------+
1 row in set (23.73 sec)
mysql> call showlast40;
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
| author_id | date_created | title | filename |
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
| 1576679519 | 2004-01-02 14:05:17 | TITLE_1757853515 | IMAGE_1601858163 |
| 992840519 | 2003-05-17 05:48:11 | TITLE_319026350 | IMAGE_1913708631 |
| 1366977197 | 2003-03-20 19:37:23 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1705517382 | 2003-02-07 16:48:56 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1529899841 | 2002-11-02 20:59:26 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1756824942 | 2002-08-28 16:01:59 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 175825630 | 2002-05-08 13:48:56 | TITLE_240812804 | IMAGE_1214850809 |
| 757530551 | 2002-02-08 00:20:17 | TITLE_4447486 | IMAGE_1511850161 |
| 840251261 | 2002-01-25 20:06:56 | TITLE_1160842143 | IMAGE_206027488 |
| 964653347 | 2001-12-26 19:15:47 | TITLE_1552408257 | IMAGE_717719932 |
| 2106039126 | 2001-11-11 17:09:29 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 2085991608 | 2001-08-01 12:48:20 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1895462094 | 2000-12-02 05:31:41 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1589384729 | 2000-04-28 23:55:50 | TITLE_1040850308 | IMAGE_1200414639 |
| 514341550 | 2000-04-20 07:25:05 | TITLE_188288840 | IMAGE_164856430 |
| 887359583 | 2000-02-13 03:30:47 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1156687499 | 1999-06-16 00:29:17 | TITLE_686398996 | IMAGE_670200418 |
| 1561242593 | 1998-12-08 05:50:17 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1117889993 | 1998-10-23 17:02:44 | TITLE_1491217221 | IMAGE_649630126 |
| 740063135 | 1998-09-16 23:52:41 | TITLE_579374776 | IMAGE_757313192 |
| 429699232 | 1998-04-19 01:41:17 | TITLE_73748980 | IMAGE_1881818111 |
| 1827051060 | 1998-02-27 01:01:50 | TITLE_1588619991 | IMAGE_1657322715 |
| 1442984429 | 1997-11-19 21:23:35 | TITLE_184173382 | IMAGE_597809368 |
| 152267158 | 1997-05-02 20:25:50 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1323598169 | 1997-03-14 16:30:38 | TITLE_1355869397 | IMAGE_1058313818 |
| 66122740 | 1997-01-05 15:12:20 | TITLE_1259073183 | IMAGE_198280936 |
| 5161474 | 1996-06-28 10:47:26 | TITLE_1876022823 | IMAGE_1138098675 |
| 1865082792 | 1996-03-01 19:09:11 | TITLE_1288151615 | IMAGE_245974646 |
| 1923481146 | 1995-08-07 00:36:11 | TITLE_922744000 | IMAGE_2067090321 |
| 1725218958 | 1995-03-18 05:15:29 | TITLE_583120586 | IMAGE_592773824 |
| 117806248 | 1995-01-05 02:34:32 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1428777335 | 1993-06-06 01:52:32 | TITLE_661148588 | IMAGE_633345518 |
| 1091245943 | 1993-06-05 05:51:47 | TITLE_1407444563 | IMAGE_538936256 |
| 2088382260 | 1993-03-25 06:03:29 | TITLE_1144364681 | IMAGE_1790013089 |
| 625878569 | 1992-12-21 07:41:26 | TITLE_1319355723 | IMAGE_921580624 |
| 110555110 | 1992-01-01 20:49:59 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1110532475 | 1991-11-20 07:19:32 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1726795146 | 1990-10-09 00:23:44 | TITLE_782624350 | IMAGE_1760322575 |
| 370183888 | 1990-03-30 15:59:17 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1497483317 | 1990-02-19 01:25:41 | TITLE_776483948 | IMAGE_665824222 |
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
40 rows in set (0.00 sec)
试一试!!!
更新
我绝对确定你正在阅读的40个日期时间实际上是前40个。他们是。我运行了查询：select * from articles ORDER BY date_created DESC;确保。
更新2011-05-17 14:06
mysql> call maketables; call loadsampledata;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.45 sec)
+-------------------------------------+
| Results |
+-------------------------------------+
| Articles:100 Titles:67 Images: 6739 |
+-------------------------------------+
1 row in set (3 min 45.45 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (3 min 45.45 sec)
mysql> call showlast40;
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
| author_id | date_created | title | filename |
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
| 196582776 | 2004-01-05 14:09:04 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1880371016 | 2003-07-31 05:50:37 | TITLE_1191518827 | IMAGE_1562208019 |
| 22204986 | 2003-02-16 14:09:22 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 355490160 | 2002-11-21 02:35:19 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 869510149 | 2001-12-27 22:07:52 | TITLE_1528616779 | IMAGE_223327284 |
| 2063556512 | 2001-04-16 18:47:46 | TITLE_1839975091 | IMAGE_1282187005 |
| 529754190 | 2000-07-14 19:44:01 | TITLE_1557423205 | IMAGE_1931606737 |
| 166226262 | 1999-11-08 03:27:22 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1981417562 | 1999-09-11 12:59:10 | TITLE_198262896 | IMAGE_1491273871 |
| 831057001 | 1999-06-14 15:06:31 | TITLE_1170272131 | IMAGE_760396200 |
| 1454252623 | 1998-06-02 08:35:46 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1435450777 | 1997-11-17 18:10:34 | TITLE_482497458 | IMAGE_1331932705 |
| 1536315541 | 1997-11-02 05:24:49 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 2078028530 | 1997-03-14 22:36:58 | TITLE_321332010 | IMAGE_1897983295 |
| 701651581 | 1997-01-13 22:36:58 | TITLE_1337390701 | IMAGE_1630983859 |
| 101442444 | 1996-11-22 09:40:16 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 51114930 | 1996-11-20 03:24:49 | TITLE_1866751135 | IMAGE_1669595407 |
| 722056183 | 1996-08-03 15:23:01 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1178720989 | 1996-06-29 22:47:19 | TITLE_579734376 | IMAGE_833229222 |
| 511355958 | 1996-03-10 09:32:46 | TITLE_1540275289 | IMAGE_1168117261 |
| 831921829 | 1996-01-31 06:36:04 | TITLE_661038882 | IMAGE_1199197195 |
| 1288455163 | 1995-08-22 00:34:25 | TITLE_1599332515 | IMAGE_822445764 |
| 1976208956 | 1995-06-02 09:23:01 | TITLE_58372998 | IMAGE_793318650 |
| 2092066982 | 1995-03-28 20:35:37 | TITLE_1693142377 | IMAGE_1176935479 |
| 1083841549 | 1994-07-11 18:46:52 | TITLE_1955674591 | IMAGE_1240485919 |
| 359037132 | 1994-07-11 02:44:19 | TITLE_713454936 | IMAGE_1072569732 |
| 1471985773 | 1994-05-10 17:08:01 | TITLE_1065017724 | IMAGE_393097704 |
| 1888864730 | 1994-01-15 17:41:28 | TITLE_1060275498 | IMAGE_230810100 |
| 1688028488 | 1993-12-28 06:36:58 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1739777948 | 1993-02-15 00:30:31 | TITLE_1226842225 | IMAGE_1615058467 |
| 445721334 | 1991-12-15 20:54:49 | TITLE_1336145587 | IMAGE_2114729323 |
| 1661002442 | 1991-06-30 05:49:34 | TITLE_151142910 | IMAGE_1623325381 |
| 2092223006 | 1991-06-13 13:15:58 | TITLE_33175860 | IMAGE_1225117771 |
| 1553434585 | 1991-01-12 03:34:25 | TITLE_728483442 | IMAGE_1954153339 |
| 528544608 | 1990-11-10 08:21:04 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1043927395 | 1990-10-05 00:48:49 | TITLE_304307448 | IMAGE_1702062493 |
| 1685702960 | 1990-04-28 05:44:19 | TITLE_1909853341 | IMAGE_263553036 |
| 1392428383 | 1990-03-07 15:08:46 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 643714153 | 1990-02-14 08:32:10 | TITLE_837416724 | IMAGE_1673964259 |
| 2132028206 | 1989-09-28 16:04:07 | TITLE_614908878 | IMAGE_1362210487 |
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
40 rows in set (0.01 sec)
即使使用更多的图像，一切都按照我之前发布的方式工作。以下是ShowLast40存储过程的查询：
SELECT
AAA.author_id,
AAA.date_created,
IFNULL(BBB.title,'<NO_TITLE>') title,
IFNULL(CCC.filename,'<NO-IMAGE>') filename
FROM
(
SELECT
AA.id,
AA.date_added,
BB.author_id,
BB.date_created
FROM
(
SELECT
A.id,IFNULL(MAX(B.date_added),'1900-01-01 00:00:00') date_added
FROM (SELECT id FROM articles ORDER BY date_created DESC LIMIT 40) A
LEFT JOIN article_images B ON A.id = B.article_id
GROUP BY A.id
) AA
INNER JOIN articles BB USING (id)
) AAA
LEFT JOIN article_contents BBB ON AAA.id=BBB.article_id
LEFT JOIN article_images CCC
ON (AAA.id=CCC.article_id AND AAA.date_added=CCC.date_added)
ORDER BY AAA.date_created DESC;
更新2011-05-17 15:16
只是为了笑，我增加了样本并重新开始。相同的查询速度。
mysql> call maketables; call loadsampledata; call showlast40;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.38 sec)
+----------------------------------------+
| Results |
+----------------------------------------+
| Articles:1000 Titles:886 Images: 88596 |
+----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (51 min 22.29 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (51 min 22.29 sec)
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
| author_id | date_created | title | filename |
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
| 1464539515 | 2004-01-07 22:45:04 | TITLE_676010724 | IMAGE_1877060293 |
| 272558724 | 2004-01-03 23:44:19 | TITLE_1213504045 | IMAGE_550812606 |
| 2000476448 | 2003-12-28 18:05:10 | TITLE_1762951489 | IMAGE_1201290847 |
| 955209697 | 2003-12-25 00:55:43 | TITLE_1064749344 | IMAGE_1335865507 |
| 1657429856 | 2003-12-19 01:03:13 | TITLE_1931852743 | IMAGE_905288424 |
| 759381001 | 2003-11-12 10:46:52 | TITLE_878255772 | IMAGE_2014780795 |
| 1269478951 | 2003-11-06 02:06:22 | TITLE_2026098781 | IMAGE_982272966 |
| 1049672131 | 2003-10-04 20:55:34 | TITLE_2043080215 | IMAGE_987859662 |
| 1429108729 | 2003-09-16 19:07:52 | TITLE_424483080 | IMAGE_35379150 |
| 1672198676 | 2003-09-13 11:49:52 | TITLE_1131552745 | IMAGE_875049630 |
| 1645878842 | 2003-08-24 13:42:04 | TITLE_1077302833 | IMAGE_702269538 |
| 172347180 | 2003-08-21 14:26:37 | TITLE_558691044 | IMAGE_1091183587 |
| 1137674509 | 2003-08-15 08:44:37 | TITLE_1982979709 | IMAGE_1234487941 |
| 282998112 | 2003-08-05 10:01:34 | TITLE_353831568 | IMAGE_738487608 |
| 246145344 | 2003-08-02 00:42:31 | TITLE_376954044 | IMAGE_1279375459 |
| 218409162 | 2003-07-14 02:55:16 | TITLE_1932540991 | IMAGE_1078689211 |
| 593263087 | 2003-07-12 22:47:01 | TITLE_1604012533 | IMAGE_834822870 |
| 2115914174 | 2003-07-06 03:06:31 | TITLE_1268165545 | IMAGE_1068632322 |
| 552557275 | 2003-07-01 16:45:22 | TITLE_2022112717 | IMAGE_1410588295 |
| 1500437041 | 2003-06-29 20:05:19 | TITLE_35559258 | IMAGE_159953586 |
| 1098371257 | 2003-06-09 07:29:37 | TITLE_1694076415 | IMAGE_1409619391 |
| 1570373503 | 2003-05-22 16:45:04 | TITLE_125157894 | IMAGE_723393492 |
| 1330507411 | 2003-05-05 21:40:07 | TITLE_1571250589 | IMAGE_701840418 |
| 1666035620 | 2003-04-26 02:51:40 | TITLE_504713706 | IMAGE_1410357553 |
| 1458179791 | 2003-04-19 05:34:25 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 1365758305 | 2003-03-28 10:09:58 | TITLE_704554170 | IMAGE_2085080137 |
| 2131082774 | 2003-03-26 16:43:25 | TITLE_1411034929 | IMAGE_303539208 |
| 103396632 | 2003-02-14 09:11:28 | TITLE_915927396 | IMAGE_1381045723 |
| 396479202 | 2003-02-01 15:51:40 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 2019916250 | 2003-01-30 00:44:46 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 431091906 | 2003-01-29 13:08:37 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> |
| 705166549 | 2003-01-23 21:37:07 | TITLE_1530318643 | IMAGE_257673696 |
| 1278327049 | 2002-12-31 16:39:40 | TITLE_772845324 | IMAGE_1355754913 |
| 1871174528 | 2002-12-30 19:03:40 | TITLE_65725764 | IMAGE_522904938 |
| 611892727 | 2002-12-22 10:19:07 | TITLE_333758274 | IMAGE_734815032 |
| 758497849 | 2002-12-04 15:05:10 | TITLE_129140574 | IMAGE_244407066 |
| 518111034 | 2002-10-17 16:38:10 | TITLE_1976498683 | IMAGE_2008599775 |
| 1737725786 | 2002-10-15 23:52:52 | TITLE_1441053871 | IMAGE_1595265847 |
| 1206055789 | 2002-10-03 22:07:52 | TITLE_562697952 | IMAGE_198940092 |
| 702790153 | 2002-08-31 17:37:16 | TITLE_1788304903 | IMAGE_1212944101 |
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+
40 rows in set (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
更新2011-05-17 15:40
以下是新输出，包括最新图像的日期：
mysql> call showlast40;
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| author_id | date_created | title | filename | image_date |
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| 1464539515 | 2004-01-07 22:45:04 | TITLE_676010724 | IMAGE_1877060293 | 2003-10-16 02:06:58 |
| 272558724 | 2004-01-03 23:44:19 | TITLE_1213504045 | IMAGE_550812606 | 2003-12-28 07:25:43 |
| 2000476448 | 2003-12-28 18:05:10 | TITLE_1762951489 | IMAGE_1201290847 | 2003-08-31 16:56:01 |
| 955209697 | 2003-12-25 00:55:43 | TITLE_1064749344 | IMAGE_1335865507 | 2003-11-11 18:37:07 |
| 1657429856 | 2003-12-19 01:03:13 | TITLE_1931852743 | IMAGE_905288424 | 2003-09-26 07:20:01 |
| 759381001 | 2003-11-12 10:46:52 | TITLE_878255772 | IMAGE_2014780795 | 2003-09-30 06:54:40 |
| 1269478951 | 2003-11-06 02:06:22 | TITLE_2026098781 | IMAGE_982272966 | 2003-07-28 11:59:10 |
| 1049672131 | 2003-10-04 20:55:34 | TITLE_2043080215 | IMAGE_987859662 | 2003-11-19 05:26:37 |
| 1429108729 | 2003-09-16 19:07:52 | TITLE_424483080 | IMAGE_35379150 | 2003-11-18 22:17:55 |
| 1672198676 | 2003-09-13 11:49:52 | TITLE_1131552745 | IMAGE_875049630 | 2003-06-08 00:42:58 |
| 1645878842 | 2003-08-24 13:42:04 | TITLE_1077302833 | IMAGE_702269538 | 2002-04-02 01:21:49 |
| 172347180 | 2003-08-21 14:26:37 | TITLE_558691044 | IMAGE_1091183587 | 2003-08-13 08:30:22 |
| 1137674509 | 2003-08-15 08:44:37 | TITLE_1982979709 | IMAGE_1234487941 | 2003-12-17 11:53:28 |
| 282998112 | 2003-08-05 10:01:34 | TITLE_353831568 | IMAGE_738487608 | 2003-11-08 22:03:22 |
| 246145344 | 2003-08-02 00:42:31 | TITLE_376954044 | IMAGE_1279375459 | 2003-12-05 02:30:49 |
| 218409162 | 2003-07-14 02:55:16 | TITLE_1932540991 | IMAGE_1078689211 | 2003-07-14 15:59:37 |
| 593263087 | 2003-07-12 22:47:01 | TITLE_1604012533 | IMAGE_834822870 | 2003-09-02 05:48:22 |
| 2115914174 | 2003-07-06 03:06:31 | TITLE_1268165545 | IMAGE_1068632322 | 2003-04-28 16:29:01 |
| 552557275 | 2003-07-01 16:45:22 | TITLE_2022112717 | IMAGE_1410588295 | 2003-11-01 01:55:16 |
| 1500437041 | 2003-06-29 20:05:19 | TITLE_35559258 | IMAGE_159953586 | 2003-08-02 10:34:07 |
| 1098371257 | 2003-06-09 07:29:37 | TITLE_1694076415 | IMAGE_1409619391 | 2004-01-07 01:00:13 |
| 1570373503 | 2003-05-22 16:45:04 | TITLE_125157894 | IMAGE_723393492 | 2003-09-26 23:22:43 |
| 1330507411 | 2003-05-05 21:40:07 | TITLE_1571250589 | IMAGE_701840418 | 2003-11-19 20:57:31 |
| 1666035620 | 2003-04-26 02:51:40 | TITLE_504713706 | IMAGE_1410357553 | 2003-11-18 01:30:04 |
| 1458179791 | 2003-04-19 05:34:25 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> | <NO-IMAGE-DATE> |
| 1365758305 | 2003-03-28 10:09:58 | TITLE_704554170 | IMAGE_2085080137 | 2003-11-11 16:35:19 |
| 2131082774 | 2003-03-26 16:43:25 | TITLE_1411034929 | IMAGE_303539208 | 2003-05-14 12:59:37 |
| 103396632 | 2003-02-14 09:11:28 | TITLE_915927396 | IMAGE_1381045723 | 2003-12-28 18:26:28 |
| 396479202 | 2003-02-01 15:51:40 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> | <NO-IMAGE-DATE> |
| 2019916250 | 2003-01-30 00:44:46 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> | <NO-IMAGE-DATE> |
| 431091906 | 2003-01-29 13:08:37 | <NO_TITLE> | <NO-IMAGE> | <NO-IMAGE-DATE> |
| 705166549 | 2003-01-23 21:37:07 | TITLE_1530318643 | IMAGE_257673696 | 2003-08-23 19:06:22 |
| 1278327049 | 2002-12-31 16:39:40 | TITLE_772845324 | IMAGE_1355754913 | 2003-12-22 16:40:25 |
| 1871174528 | 2002-12-30 19:03:40 | TITLE_65725764 | IMAGE_522904938 | 2003-09-06 07:08:01 |
| 611892727 | 2002-12-22 10:19:07 | TITLE_333758274 | IMAGE_734815032 | 2003-09-22 19:16:43 |
| 758497849 | 2002-12-04 15:05:10 | TITLE_129140574 | IMAGE_244407066 | 2003-07-15 12:38:37 |
| 518111034 | 2002-10-17 16:38:10 | TITLE_1976498683 | IMAGE_2008599775 | 2004-01-06 16:37:34 |
| 1737725786 | 2002-10-15 23:52:52 | TITLE_1441053871 | IMAGE_1595265847 | 2003-11-24 15:23:10 |
| 1206055789 | 2002-10-03 22:07:52 | TITLE_562697952 | IMAGE_198940092 | 2003-08-23 11:56:46 |
| 702790153 | 2002-08-31 17:37:16 | TITLE_1788304903 | IMAGE_1212944101 | 2003-12-19 22:56:01 |
+------------+---------------------+------------------+------------------+---------------------+
40 rows in set (0.01 sec)
这是新查询
SELECT
AAA.author_id,
AAA.date_created,
IFNULL(BBB.title,'<NO_TITLE>') title,
IFNULL(CCC.filename,'<NO-IMAGE>') filename,
IFNULL(CCC.date_added,'<NO-IMAGE-DATE>') image_date
FROM
(
SELECT
AA.id,
AA.date_added,
BB.author_id,
BB.date_created
FROM
(
SELECT
A.id,IFNULL(MAX(B.date_added),'1900-01-01 00:00:00') date_added
FROM (SELECT id FROM articles ORDER BY date_created DESC LIMIT 40) A
LEFT JOIN article_images B ON A.id = B.article_id
GROUP BY A.id
) AA
INNER JOIN articles BB USING (id)
) AAA
LEFT JOIN article_contents BBB ON AAA.id=BBB.article_id
LEFT JOIN article_images CCC
ON (AAA.id=CCC.article_id AND AAA.date_added=CCC.date_added)
ORDER BY AAA.date_created DESC;
我的查询做了其他人无法查询的事情：
我的查询在加入任何其他表之前首先获得最后40篇文章。
其他人的查询首先加入所有内容，然后尝试在大型临时表上执行LIMIT 40。
我的查询的运行时间不是数据量的一个因素。
无论我创建的样本大小如何，我的查询都必须是最快的!!!
答案 1 :(得分：3)
这是一种内联子查询而不是连接可以正常工作的情况：
select articles.*,
article_contents.title,
article_contents.content,
(select article_images.filename
from article_images
where article_images.article_id = articles.id
order by article_images.date_added desc
limit 1
) as image_filename
from articles
join article_contents
on article_contents.article_id = articles.id
order by articles.date_created desc
limit 40;
性能方面，它将通过前40行文章进行嵌套，这是最快的计划;对于这些行中的每一行，子查询将嵌套到article_images中的顶部适用行，这也恰好是给定文章的最快计划。
如果你需要从images表中获取多个字段，我认为你有一个image_id。假设是这样，请抓取image_id，然后使用in子句执行第二次查询以检索所需的行。
另一种（稍快）方法是使用触发器将最新的image_id保存在articles表中。这样做可以让你直接加入图像。
答案 2 :(得分：2)
基本上你想做select rows holding group-wise maximum of a field，它是由MySQL - Control which row is returned by a group by中的ʞɔıu链接的。
在MySQL中，无法在GROUP BY之前执行ORDER BY。您可以按照第一个链接答案中所述进行子选择，或者如MySQL Group By ordering所示。
在您的情况下，这很可能会导致性能不佳，因此可以使用两个单独的查询。不完美优雅，但可靠：
SELECT a.id
FROM articles a
ORDER BY a.date_created DESC
LIMIT 40
并且对于每个40个结果行，％ARTICLE_ID％是当前行id：
SELECT ai.filename
FROM article_images ai
WHERE ai.article_id = %ARTICLE_ID%
ORDER BY ai.date_added DESC
LIMIT 1
我的建议是另一个：冗余。在文章表中冗余保存最新的文章图像。这样可以轻松快速地进行查询。
答案 3 :(得分：1)
让我首先描述一下查询解决此问题所花费时间的原因。我的英语不太好，但我会尽力解释它。
让我们以2表连接为例，当我们使用join table命令基本完成时。根据查询，引擎扫描第一个表然后它转到第二个表并开始读取第一个表和第二个表，并且查询匹配，它将它作为内存。现在让我们以3个表连接为例，读取第1个表然后2秒，并在第3个sql上执行，如果数据很重，则创建tmp表并开始读取然后执行命令，如果正常则存储在内存中。 / p>
现在你的问题不是加入命令的表，但问题只是第二个表的结构。它具有文本列，并且是最少使用的，并且在搜索期间，引擎必须选择该查询并对其执行读取和写入功能，并且在每次写入或读取时，内存的使用减少并且引擎变慢和慢和慢。
解决方案：此问题有两种解决方案。第一种解决方案是水平和垂直地对第二个表进行分区。他的引擎会发生什么事情会使搜索过程中的标记和大量数据快速写入，时间的结果会增加。但我不推荐这个解决方案，因为它只会减少时间，但读写时间不会减少。我会建议第二个解决方案。
第二个解决方案：从第二个表中删除文本列，并使用2列标题和内容创建第4个author_aritcle_content表，并加入最后一个第4个表。这个解决方案会发生什么，引擎首先用10 + 10字节扫描第一个表，当我们移动到第二个表时，扫描将在10 + 10 + 10 + 100和第三个表中完成，它将是10 + 10 + 10 + 100 + 10 + 100，此时引擎必须只搜索240个字节，你的结果已准备好，只需要引擎添加内容就可以轻松完成。查询中的时间减少非常大，因为它不会将带有引擎的文本列作为最后一个加入，只会显示结果。
今天，我在表格中添加了10,000篇文章并执行了以下查询，它花了0.2015秒，每篇文章的字节数为65,000，图像名称为10个字节，查询为：
select
a.id,
a.author_id,
a.date_created,
b.title,
c.filename,
c.date_added,
d.content
from
articles as a,
article_contents as b,
article_images as c,
article_contents as d
where
a.id = b.article_id and
b.article_id = c.article_id and
c.article_id = d.article_id
order by
a.date_created desc
limit
0, 40;
我将再次发布结果，文章数量达到50,000，以及执行查询所花费的时间。
答案 4 :(得分：0)
这样的事情会起作用吗？
select * from articles left join (select article_id, filename from article_images group by article_id order by date_added desc) on id = article_id
答案 5 :(得分：0)
SELECT a.id, ai.filename
FROM articles a
LEFT JOIN (SELECT article_id, MAX(date_added) AS MaxDate
FROM article_images
GROUP BY article_id) maxai
INNER JOIN article_images ai
ON maxai.article_id = ai.article_id
AND maxai.MaxDate = ai.date_added
ON a.id = maxai.article_id
ORDER BY a.date_created DESC
LIMIT 40
答案 6 :(得分：0)
如果在搜索和显示结果时性能是主要问题，那么我建议您更改表结构，以便将最后一个图像ID存储在文章内容表中。这样检索速度是最佳的。
牺牲插入速度以获得远远改进的搜索功能。
答案 7 :(得分：0)
这个应该非常高效，因为它不使用任何派生表。
SELECT articles.id, articles.author_id, articles.date_created,
SUBSTRING_INDEX(GROUP_CONCAT(filename ORDER BY article_images.date_added DESC SEPARATOR "\t"),"\t",1) as latestFilename
FROM articles
JOIN article_images
ON articles.id = article_images.article_id
GROUP BY articles.id, articles.author_id, articles.date_created
ORDER BY articles.date_created DESC
LIMIT 40;
GROUP_CONCAT返回组中所有文件名的字符串列表，按article_images_date_added DESC排序，并用“\ t”分隔。
SUBSTRING_INDEX将在第一个“\ t”之前剪切字符串，因此只返回最新的文件名。
（显然，您还应该在article_images.article_id，article_images.date_created和articles.date_created上添加相关索引。）
答案 8 :(得分：0)
尝试这样的事情
SELECT A.author_id ,
Images.article_id ,
Images.filename ,
Images.date_added
FROM articles AS A
LEFT JOIN ( SELECT AI1.article_id ,
AI1.filename ,
AI1.date_added
FROM article_images AS AI1
WHERE AI1.date_added = ( SELECT MAX(date_added)
FROM article_images AS AI2
WHERE AI2.article_id = AI1.article_id
)
) AS Images ON A.id = Images.article_id
您还需要为article_images表添加索引
(article_id ASC, date_added ASC)
答案 9 :(得分：0)
SELECT a.id,ac.title,ac.content,ai.filename
FROM articles a,article_contents ac,article_images ai
WHERE a.id=ac.article_id and a.id=ai.article_id
ORDER BY a.date_created desc
LIMIT 40
使用上面的query.it将适合你
答案 10 :(得分：0)
如果您确定每篇文章都有图片
，请尝试此操作SELECT a.author_id,a.date_created,i.filename FROM test.articles a
left join article_images i on i.article_id=a.id
where i.date_added =(select Max(date_added) from article_images i2);
否则，如果没有必要让每个文章都有一个相关的图像（这更合乎逻辑），这应该有效：
SELECT a.author_id,a.date_created,i.filename FROM test.articles a
left join article_images i on (i.article_id=a.id and i.date_added =(select Max(date_added) from article_images i2))