我必须为我的高中项目建立一个书店数据库的模型。 可以输入一本新书的信息，但是我希望它在终止程序后仍然保留。目前，我只是在代码本身中输入了几本书，以便在运行时不会为空。
我已经完成了很多工作，但我只想知道如何保存用户输入数据以备后用。
books={1001:['Inferno','Dan Brown','Anchor Books','Thriller',42.00,70],
1002:['As You Like It','William Shakespear','Penguin Publications','Classics',20.00,54],
1003:['The Kite Runner','Khaled Hosseini','Bloomsbury Publcations','Drama',30.00,70],
1004:['A Thousand Splendid Suns','Khaled Hosseini','Bloomsbury Publications','Fiction',35.00,70],
1005:['The Girl on The Train','Paula Hawkins','Riverhead Books','Thriller',28.00,100],
1006:['The Alchemist','Paulo Coelho','Rupa Books','Drama',25.00,50]}
while True:
print ('ID | Name')
[print(key,' | ',books[key][0]) for key in books.keys()]
print (
'''
MAIN MENU:-
1. Add new book details
2. Modify data of a specific book
3. Delete all data of a book
4. View all data of a book
***********************************
5. Check Availability
6. Sales
7. Exit
''')
cho=int(input('Enter your choice(1-7):'))
if cho==1:
book_id=int(input('Enter the book id:'))
b_name=input('Enter the book name:-')
a_name=input('Enter the authors name:')
p_name=input('Enter name of publication:')
genre=input('Enter the genre of the book:')
price=float(input('Enter the price of the book (with decimal place):'))
no_copy=int(input('Enter no of copies available:'))
books[book_id]=[b_name,a_name,p_name,genre,price,no_copy]
elif cho==2:
book_id=int(input('Enter book id:'))
print (books[book_id])
print('''0. Book name
1. Author's name
2. Publisher
3. Genre
4. Price
5. No of copies''')
index=int(input('Enter index of data to be changed:'))
if index>=0 and index<=3:
new_val=input('Enter the modified value:')
elif index==4:
new_val=float(input('Enter the modified value (with decimal place):'))
elif index==5:
new_val=int(input('Enter the modified value:'))
books[book_id][index]=new_val
elif cho==3:
book_id=int(input('Enter book id of book to be deleted:'))
print ('Book', book_id, 'data deleted')
del books[book_id]
elif cho==4:
book_id=int(input('Enter the book id:'))
print(books[book_id])
elif cho==5:
book_id=int(input('Enter book id of book to check availability:'))
print ('''
''', books[book_id][5], 'copies are currently in stock')
elif cho==6:
book_id=int(input('Enter book id of book to buy:'))
nos=int(input('Number of copies to buy'))
books[book_id][5]=books[book_id][5]-nos
print (nos,'copies of books purchased')
elif cho==7:
break
对不起，如果代码令人讨厌，我对Python来说是新手。另外，如果您有任何建议可以做得更好，那就太棒了。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您可以将输入写入文件（对于您的情况，最好是csv文件）。 CSV File I/O Link
答案 1 :(得分：1)
您可以将变量保存/加载到文件中。
一个选项是“ hickle”
要安装：
pip install hickle
使用：
import hickle as hkl
# write variables to filename [a,b,c can be of any size]
hkl.dump([a,b,c], filename)
# load variables from filename
a,b,c = hkl.load(filename)
修改了您的代码：
import hickle as hkl
filename='books.file'
books ={}
try:
books = hkl.load(filename)
except IOError:
print("File not exists")
while True:
print ('ID | Name')
[print(key,' | ',books[key][0]) for key in books.keys()]
print (
'''
MAIN MENU:-
1. Add new book details
2. Modify data of a specific book
3. Delete all data of a book
4. View all data of a book
***********************************
5. Check Availability
6. Sales
7. Exit
''')
cho=int(input('Enter your choice(1-7):'))
if cho==1:
book_id=int(input('Enter the book id:'))
b_name=input('Enter the book name:-')
a_name=input('Enter the authors name:')
p_name=input('Enter name of publication:')
genre=input('Enter the genre of the book:')
price=float(input('Enter the price of the book (with decimal place):'))
no_copy=int(input('Enter no of copies available:'))
books[book_id]=[b_name,a_name,p_name,genre,price,no_copy]
hkl.dump(books, filename)
elif cho==2:
book_id=int(input('Enter book id:'))
print (books[book_id])
print('''0. Book name
1. Author's name
2. Publisher
3. Genre
4. Price
5. No of copies''')
index=int(input('Enter index of data to be changed:'))
if index>=0 and index<=3:
new_val=input('Enter the modified value:')
elif index==4:
new_val=float(input('Enter the modified value (with decimal place):'))
elif index==5:
new_val=int(input('Enter the modified value:'))
books[book_id][index]=new_val
elif cho==3:
book_id=int(input('Enter book id of book to be deleted:'))
print ('Book', book_id, 'data deleted')
del books[book_id]
elif cho==4:
book_id=int(input('Enter the book id:'))
print(books[book_id])
elif cho==5:
book_id=int(input('Enter book id of book to check availability:'))
print ('''
''', books[book_id][5], 'copies are currently in stock')
elif cho==6:
book_id=int(input('Enter book id of book to buy:'))
nos=int(input('Number of copies to buy'))
books[book_id][5]=books[book_id][5]-nos
print (nos,'copies of books purchased')
elif cho==7:
break
答案 2 :(得分：1)
有两种方法可以解决此问题：
就改进您的代码而言，我建议将其分解为functions。它将更易于调试和理解。祝您项目顺利！
答案 3 :(得分：0)
使用csv文件存储所有数据。
import csv
if cho==1:
book_id=int(input('Enter the book id:'))
b_name=input('Enter the book name:-')
a_name=input('Enter the authors name:')
p_name=input('Enter name of publication:')
genre=input('Enter the genre of the book:')
price=float(input('Enter the price of the book (with decimal place):'))
no_copy=int(input('Enter no of copies available:'))
books[book_id]=[b_name,a_name,p_name,genre,price,no_copy]
for book in books:
with open('books.csv', 'a') as bks:
writer = csv.writer(bks)
writer.writerow(book)