我正在做一个超小型且简单的程序,它试图进一步了解此模块,但是却发生了一些非常奇怪的事情。
下面的代码返回:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File ".\crypto.py", line 100, in <module> init = Emisor()
File ".\crypto.py", line 15, in __init__ self.encrypt()
File ".\crypto.py", line 71, in encrypt Receptor(cipher_text,tag_mac,self.key)
File ".\crypto.py", line 84, in __init__ self.decrypt(self.cipher_text,self.tag_mac,self.key)
File ".\crypto.py", line 93, in decrypt plain_text = cipher.decrypt_and_verify(cipher_text,tag_mac)
File "C:\Users\EQUIPO\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\Crypto\Cipher\_mode_gcm.py", line 569, in decrypt_and_verify self.verify(received_mac_tag)
File "C:\Users\EQUIPO\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\Crypto\Cipher\_mode_gcm.py", line 510, in verify raise ValueError("MAC check failed")
ValueError: MAC check failed
我已经阅读了许多pdf,文档,视频,博客等。但是我找不到解决方案。
PDTA:那是“ nonce”,那是“ header”,有一个叫做update()
的方法,那是我应该放置header的地方,我对它和nonce有点迷惑
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto.Random import get_random_bytes
class Transmitter():
def __init__(self):
self.random_password = None
self.message_plain = True
self.key = None
self.password_option()
self.text_option()
self.encrypt()
def password_option(self):
while ( self.random_password == None ):
random = input("\nDo you want to generate a random symmetric key? (y/n)\n\n>>> ").strip().lower()
if random == "y":
self.random_password = True
self.random()
elif random == "n":
self.random_password = False
self.random()
else:
pass
def text_option(self):
if self.message_plain:
question = input("\nHow will you enter your message?\n\n[1] file\n\n[2] directly in the program\n\n>>> ").strip()
if question == "1":
path = input(r"\nEnter the file path\n\n>>> ").strip()
name = path.split("\\")[-1]
self.message_plain = open(name,mode = "rb")
elif question == "2":
self.message_plain = input("\nEnter your message\n\n>>> ").strip()
self.message_plain = self.message_plain.encode("utf-8")
def random(self):
if self.random_password:
self.key = get_random_bytes(16)
else:
self.key = input("\nEnter your password\n\n>>> ").strip()
def encrypt(self):
cipher = AES.new(self.key,AES.MODE_GCM)
cipher.update(b"header")
cipher_text,tag_mac = cipher.encrypt_and_digest(self.message_plain)
Receiver(cipher_text,tag_mac,self.key)
class Receiver():
def __init__(self,cipher_text,tag_mac,key):
self.cipher_text = cipher_text
self.tag_mac = tag_mac
self.key = key
self.decrypt(self.cipher_text,self.tag_mac,self.key)
def decrypt(self,cipher_text,tag_mac,key):
#try:
# nonce = aes_cipher.nonce
cipher = AES.new(key,AES.MODE_GCM)
cipher.update(b"header")
plain_text = cipher.decrypt_and_verify(cipher_text,tag_mac)
#except ValueError:
# print("\nAn error has occurred.")
if __name__ == '__main__':
init = Transmitter()
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您忘记了转移随机数。随机数可以简单地传输,也不需要在AAD中,因为该随机数会自动针对AEAD密码(例如GCM)进行验证。
从文档中:
nonce
(字节)–固定随机数的值。对于组合消息/密钥,它必须是唯一的。 如果不存在,该库将创建一个随机随机数(AES的长度为16个字节)。
因此,如果要使用随机生成的默认16字节1,则需要检索并传输随机数。
但是,由于GCM对于12字节随机数更为安全且性能更高,所以我宁愿自己生成一个(安全随机)12字节随机数,并使用/传输它。该库似乎默认为16个字节的随机数,因为这是AES的块大小。通常这是个好主意,但对于GCM而言不是。
当然,您不应该简单地发送密钥,而应事先建立秘密密钥。