ValueError:MAC检查失败

时间:2019-12-28 19:35:12

标签: encryption python pycrypto

我正在做一个超小型且简单的程序,它试图进一步了解此模块,但是却发生了一些非常奇怪的事情。

下面的代码返回:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File ".\crypto.py", line 100, in <module> init = Emisor()
File ".\crypto.py", line 15, in __init__ self.encrypt()
File ".\crypto.py", line 71, in encrypt Receptor(cipher_text,tag_mac,self.key)
File ".\crypto.py", line 84, in __init__ self.decrypt(self.cipher_text,self.tag_mac,self.key)
File ".\crypto.py", line 93, in decrypt plain_text = cipher.decrypt_and_verify(cipher_text,tag_mac)
File "C:\Users\EQUIPO\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\Crypto\Cipher\_mode_gcm.py", line 569, in decrypt_and_verify self.verify(received_mac_tag)
File "C:\Users\EQUIPO\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\Crypto\Cipher\_mode_gcm.py", line 510, in verify raise ValueError("MAC check failed")
ValueError: MAC check failed

我已经阅读了许多pdf,文档,视频,博客等。但是我找不到解决方案。

PDTA:那是“ nonce”,那是“ header”,有一个叫做update()的方法,那是我应该放置header的地方,我对它和nonce有点迷惑

from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto.Random import get_random_bytes

class Transmitter():

    def __init__(self):

        self.random_password = None
        self.message_plain = True
        self.key = None

        self.password_option()
        self.text_option()
        self.encrypt()



    def password_option(self):

        while ( self.random_password == None ):

            random = input("\nDo you want to generate a random symmetric key? (y/n)\n\n>>> ").strip().lower()

            if random == "y":
                self.random_password = True
                self.random()

            elif random == "n":
                self.random_password = False
                self.random()

            else:
                pass

    def text_option(self):

        if self.message_plain:

            question = input("\nHow will you enter your message?\n\n[1] file\n\n[2] directly in the program\n\n>>> ").strip()

            if question == "1":
                path = input(r"\nEnter the file path\n\n>>> ").strip()
                name = path.split("\\")[-1]
                self.message_plain = open(name,mode = "rb")

            elif question == "2":
                self.message_plain = input("\nEnter your message\n\n>>> ").strip()
                self.message_plain = self.message_plain.encode("utf-8")


    def random(self):

        if self.random_password:
            self.key = get_random_bytes(16)

        else:
            self.key = input("\nEnter your password\n\n>>> ").strip()


    def encrypt(self):

        cipher = AES.new(self.key,AES.MODE_GCM)

        cipher.update(b"header")

        cipher_text,tag_mac = cipher.encrypt_and_digest(self.message_plain)

        Receiver(cipher_text,tag_mac,self.key)



class Receiver():

    def __init__(self,cipher_text,tag_mac,key):

        self.cipher_text = cipher_text
        self.tag_mac = tag_mac
        self.key = key

        self.decrypt(self.cipher_text,self.tag_mac,self.key)

    def decrypt(self,cipher_text,tag_mac,key):

        #try:

        # nonce = aes_cipher.nonce
        cipher = AES.new(key,AES.MODE_GCM)
        cipher.update(b"header")
        plain_text = cipher.decrypt_and_verify(cipher_text,tag_mac)

        #except ValueError:
        #   print("\nAn error has occurred.")

if __name__ == '__main__':

    init = Transmitter()

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您忘记了转移随机数。随机数可以简单地传输,也不需要在AAD中,因为该随机数会自动针对AEAD密码(例如GCM)进行验证。

从文档中:

  

nonce(字节)–固定随机数的值。对于组合消息/密钥,它必须是唯一的。 如果不存在,该库将创建一个随机随机数(AES的长度为16个字节)。

因此,如果要使用随机生成的默认16字节1,则需要检索并传输随机数。

但是,由于GCM对于12字节随机数更为安全且性能更高,所以我宁愿自己生成一个(安全随机)12字节随机数,并使用/传输它。该库似乎默认为16个字节的随机数,因为这是AES的块大小。通常这是个好主意,但对于GCM而言不是。

当然,您不应该简单地发送密钥,而应事先建立秘密密钥。