problem是:
给出一个链表和一个值 x ,对其进行分区,以使所有小于 x 的节点排在大于或等于 x 。
我无法理解此解决方案:
class Solution {
public ListNode partition(ListNode head, int x) {
// before and after are the two pointers used to create the two list
// before_head and after_head are used to save the heads of the two lists.
// All of these are initialized with the dummy nodes created.
ListNode before_head = new ListNode(0);
ListNode before = before_head;
ListNode after_head = new ListNode(0);
ListNode after = after_head;
while (head != null) {
// If the original list node is lesser than the given x,
// assign it to the before list.
if (head.val < x) {
before.next = head;
before = before.next;
} else {
// If the original list node is greater or equal to the given x,
// assign it to the after list.
after.next = head;
after = after.next;
}
// move ahead in the original list
head = head.next;
}
// Last node of "after" list would also be ending node of the reformed list
after.next = null;
// Once all the nodes are correctly assigned to the two lists,
// combine them to form a single list which would be returned.
before.next = after_head.next;
return before_head.next;
}
}
主要,我对before_head
和after_head
感到困惑。在我看来before_head
和after_head
都是值设置为0的节点。before_head.next
为什么返回分区链表的头,为什么after_head
返回指向“之后”链接列表的标题?在我看来,before_head
和after_head
被初始化为值为0的节点,与其他节点完全分开。 before_head
和after_head
如何链接到其余列表?谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:0)
before_head
和after_head
参考标记节点,用于简化while
循环中的逻辑。
通常在链接列表中,列表将包含head
和tail
字段,这些字段引用列表的第一个/最后一个节点,或者当列表为空的。
因此,您必须编写这样的代码才能将新节点添加到列表中:
null
如果该列表创建了一个虚拟节点,而在列表为空时同时引用了newNode = ...
if (this.head == null) {
this.head = newNode;
this.tail = newNode;
} else {
this.tail.next = newNode;
this.tail = newNode;
}
和head
,那么添加新代码要简单得多:
tail
这种虚拟节点称为sentinel node。如您所见,它使加法逻辑更简单,但使其他逻辑(如迭代)更为复杂,因为从newNode = ...
this.tail.next = newNode;
this.tail = newNode;
开始的Node
链将从哨兵节点开始,然后需要跳过。
在问题代码中,主列表不使用哨兵节点,但是两个之前/之后的列表使用临时哨兵节点来简化循环逻辑。该方法结束时将丢弃哨兵节点本身。