我正在尝试在Espresso UI测试中存根摄像机意图，并出现如下所述的错误
----- begin exception -----
E/TestRunner: androidx.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler$AssertionFailedWithCauseError: Wanted to match 1 intents. Actually matched 0 intents.
IntentMatcher: has data: is <android.resource://com.example.espressopracticetests/drawable/ic_launcher_background>
Matched intents:[]
Recorded intents:
-Intent { act=android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE (has extras) } handling packages:[[com.android.camera2]], extras:[Bundle[{output=content://media/external/images/media/42}]])
at dalvik.system.VMStack.getThreadStackTrace(Native Method)
at java.lang.Thread.getStackTrace(Thread.java:1720)
at androidx.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.getUserFriendlyError(DefaultFailureHandler.java:96)
at androidx.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.handle(DefaultFailureHandler.java:59)
at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.waitForAndHandleInteractionResults(ViewInteraction.java:324)
at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.check(ViewInteraction.java:306)
at androidx.test.espresso.intent.Intents.intended(Intents.java:190)
at androidx.test.espresso.intent.Intents.intended(Intents.java:170)
at com.example.espressopracticetests.IntentsAdvancedSample.CameraTaskTest.takePhoto_drawableIsApplied(CameraTaskTest.kt:97)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at androidx.test.internal.runner.junit4.statement.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:80)
at androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule$ActivityStatement.evaluate(ActivityTestRule.java:531)
at androidx.test.rule.GrantPermissionRule$RequestPermissionStatement.evaluate(GrantPermissionRule.java:134)
at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java:20)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4.run(AndroidJUnit4.java:104)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
at androidx.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:56)
at androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:395)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:2189)
Caused by: junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: Wanted to match 1 intents. Actually matched 0 intents.
IntentMatcher: has data: is <android.resource://com.example.espressopracticetests/drawable/ic_launcher_background>
Matched intents:[]
Recorded intents:
-Intent { act=android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE (has extras) } handling packages:[[com.android.camera2]], extras:[Bundle[{output=content://media/external/images/media/42}]])
at junit.framework.Assert.fail(Assert.java:50)
at androidx.test.espresso
----- end exception -----
Kotlin中使用相机捕获图像的代码如下
class CameraTask : AppCompatActivity() {
private val PERMISSION_CODE = 1000;
private val IMAGE_CAPTURE_CODE = 1001
var image_uri: Uri? = null
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera_task)
//button click
button_take_photo.setOnClickListener {
//if system os is Marshmallow or Above, we need to request runtime permission
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M){
if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
== PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED ||
checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
== PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED){
//permission was not enabled
val permission = arrayOf(Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
//show popup to request permission
requestPermissions(permission, PERMISSION_CODE)
}
else{
//permission already granted
openCamera()
}
}
else{
//system os is < marshmallow
openCamera()
}
}
}
private fun openCamera() {
val values = ContentValues()
values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.TITLE, "New Picture")
values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DESCRIPTION, "From the Camera")
image_uri = contentResolver.insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values)
//camera intent
val cameraIntent = Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE)
cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, image_uri)
startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, IMAGE_CAPTURE_CODE)
}
override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int, permissions: Array<out String>, grantResults: IntArray) {
//called when user presses ALLOW or DENY from Permission Request Popup
when(requestCode){
PERMISSION_CODE -> {
if (grantResults.size > 0 && grantResults[0] ==
PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
//permission from popup was granted
openCamera()
}
else{
//permission from popup was denied
Toast.makeText(this, "Permission denied", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}
}
}
override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode,resultCode,data)
//called when image was captured from camera intent
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK){
//set image captured to image view
imageView.setImageURI(image_uri)
}
}
}
Espresso UI测试代码如下
package com.example.espressopracticetests.IntentsAdvancedSample
import android.app.Activity
import android.app.Instrumentation.ActivityResult
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.net.Uri
import android.provider.MediaStore
import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
import androidx.test.espresso.Espresso.onView
import androidx.test.espresso.action.ViewActions
import androidx.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches
import androidx.test.espresso.core.internal.deps.guava.collect.Iterables
import androidx.test.espresso.intent.Intents
import androidx.test.espresso.intent.Intents.intended
import androidx.test.espresso.intent.matcher.IntentMatchers
import androidx.test.espresso.intent.matcher.IntentMatchers.*
import androidx.test.espresso.intent.rule.IntentsTestRule
import androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.*
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
import androidx.test.rule.GrantPermissionRule
import com.example.espressopracticetests.IntentsAdvancedSample.ImageViewHasDrawableMatcher.hasDrawable
import com.example.espressopracticetests.R
import org.hamcrest.core.AllOf.allOf
import org.hamcrest.core.IsNot.not
import org.junit.Before
import org.junit.Rule
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
@LargeTest
class CameraTaskTest {
/*@Rule are interceptors that which are executed before any of your setup code and are executed for each test*/
@get:Rule
var grantPermissionRule = GrantPermissionRule.grant(
"android.permission.CAMERA",
"android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
)
/*A rule to init and release Espresso Intents before and after each
* test run.*/
@get:Rule
val intentsTestRule = IntentsTestRule(CameraTask::class.java)
lateinit var context: Context
lateinit var stubUri: Uri
@Before
fun stubCameraIntent() {
context = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
stubUri =
Uri.parse("android.resource://com.example.espressopracticetests/drawable/ic_launcher_background")
val result = createImageCaptureActivityResultStub()
// Stub the Intent.
Intents.intending(IntentMatchers.hasAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE))
.respondWith(result)
}
@Test
fun takePhoto_drawableIsApplied() { // Check that the ImageView doesn't have a drawable applied.
// Check that the ImageView doesn't have a drawable applied.
onView(withId(R.id.imageView)).check(matches(not(hasDrawable())))
// Click on the button that will trigger the stubbed intent.
onView(withId(R.id.button_take_photo)).perform(ViewActions.click())
onView(
allOf(
withId(R.id.imageView),
hasBackground(R.drawable.ic_launcher_background), isDisplayed()
)
)
val receivedIntent =
Iterables.getOnlyElement(
Intents.getIntents()
)
intended(toPackage("com.android.camera2"));
val uri = receivedIntent.extras
val action = receivedIntent.action
System.out.println(action)
intended(hasData("android.resource://com.example.espressopracticetests/drawable/ic_launcher_background"))
intended(hasAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE))
System.out.println(uri.toString())
}
// Creating a dummy ActivityResult with data
fun createImageCaptureActivityResultStub(): ActivityResult {
val cameraIntent = Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE)
System.out.println(stubUri.toString())
// Create the Intent that will include the bundle.
cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, stubUri)
// Create the ActivityResult with the Intent.
return ActivityResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, cameraIntent)
}
}
我无法理解如何解决此问题，需要深入了解如何解决它。