我正在寻找快速方法来计算BINARY(1024)字段的汉明重量/人口数/“1位数”。 MySQL有一个BIT_COUNT函数可以做类似的事情。我在T-SQL中找不到类似的功能?
或者您是否建议将二进制数据存储在另一种类型的字段中?
如果您不知道我在说什么,请点击Wikipedia article about the hamming weight。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您可以使用具有预先计算的汉明权重的辅助表来获取小数字(如字节),然后相应地拆分值,连接到辅助表并获得部分汉明权重的总和作为值的汉明重量:
-- define Hamming weight helper table
DECLARE @hwtally TABLE (byte tinyint, hw int);
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) VALUES (0, 0);
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) SELECT 1 - byte, 1 - hw FROM @hwtally;
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) SELECT 3 - byte, 2 - hw FROM @hwtally;
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) SELECT 7 - byte, 3 - hw FROM @hwtally;
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) SELECT 15 - byte, 4 - hw FROM @hwtally;
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) SELECT 31 - byte, 5 - hw FROM @hwtally;
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) SELECT 63 - byte, 6 - hw FROM @hwtally;
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) SELECT 127 - byte, 7 - hw FROM @hwtally;
INSERT INTO @hwtally (byte, hw) SELECT 255 - byte, 8 - hw FROM @hwtally;
-- calculate
WITH split AS (
SELECT SUBSTRING(@value, number, 1) AS byte
FROM master.dbo.spt_values
WHERE type = 'P' AND number BETWEEN 1 AND LEN(@value)
)
SELECT
Value = @value,
HammingWeight = SUM(t.hw)
FROM split s
INNER JOIN @hwtally t ON s.byte = t.byte
答案 1 :(得分:1)
当您使用较小的值(最大值为16位)时,使用SQL Server执行此操作的最有效方法是使用一个表,计算所有结果并使用连接。
通过在查询上执行此类操作,我可以将查询从30秒加速到0秒,该查询应计算17&000; 000行上4位值的汉明重量。
WITH HammingWeightHelper AS (
SELECT x, Fx
FROM (VALUES(0,0),(1,1),(2,1),(3,2),
(4,1),(5,2),(6,2),(7,3),
(8,1),(9,2),(10,2),(11,3),
(12,2),(13,3),(14,3),(15,4)) AS HammingWeight(x, Fx)
)
SELECT HammingWeight.Fx As HammingWeight, SomeTable.Value As bitField
FROM SomeTable INNER JOIN
HammingWeightHelper ON HammingWeightHelper.x = SomeTable.Value
当然这是一个丑陋的解决方案,它可能不适合长位场。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
没有找到关于汉明重量的具体内容,但这里有一个汉明距离:
create function HamDist(@value1 char(8000), @value2 char(8000))
returns int
as
begin
declare @distance int
declare @i int
declare @len int
select @distance = 0,
@i =1,
@len = case when len(@value1) > len(@value2)
then len(@value1)
else len(@value2) end
if (@value1 is null) or (@value2 is null)
return null
while (@i <= @len)
select @distance = @distance +
case when substring(@value1,@i,1) != substring(@value2,@i,1)
then 1
else 0 end,
@i = @i +1
return @distance
end
这计算两个值之间的汉明距离。单个值的汉明权重将是该值与零值数组之间的汉明距离。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
我找不到一个好办法。最后,我用Java计算了汉明重量,并定期更新数据库中的位数。