我有一个会议室数据库，该数据库及其预加载的数据存储在资产/数据库中。我正在创建一个更新版本，该数据库中包含更多内容，以供下次更新。
当前，如果我在不更改架构的情况下将新内容添加到数据库中并重新安装该应用程序，则这些新内容不会显示。我看到更改的唯一方法是卸载并重新安装该应用程序。但是我需要将具有数据库的用户数据与新内容合并，因为我需要获取用户的“收藏夹”，这是具有项目内容的表的整数列。
这可能吗？
这就是我创建数据库的方式。
public static AppDatabase getInMemoryDatabase(Context context) {
if (INSTANCE == null) {
synchronized (AppDatabase.class) {
if (INSTANCE == null) {
INSTANCE = Room.databaseBuilder(context.getApplicationContext(), AppDatabase.class, "app_database.db")
.createFromAsset("database/QuotesDB.db")
.addMigrations(MIGRATION_1_2)
.build();
}
}
}
return INSTANCE;
}
我尝试使用以下代码进行迁移，但是它仍然没有更新内容。
/**
* Migrate from:
* version 1 - initial contents.
* to
* version 2 - updated database contents (no schema changes)
*/
@VisibleForTesting
static final Migration MIGRATION_1_2 = new Migration(1, 2) {
@Override
public void migrate(SupportSQLiteDatabase database) {
// I need to tell Room that it should use the data
// from version 1 ( with the user's favorites ) to version 2.
}
};
答案 0 :(得分：0)
这可能吗？ 是。但这有点复杂。
简而言之，实际上您可以反过来做。而不是使用资产中的新数据库并尝试检索以前的数据（如果使用“房间迁移”，则很麻烦，因为您必须有效地交换到新创建/复制的数据库，因为迁移时您在事务中，所以这将变得更加复杂）
但是，如果您对使用中的数据库而不是资产数据库进行模式更改，则可以获取资产数据库并复制新的非用户数据（如果用户的数据与非数据库混合在一起，将会非常复杂。 -用户数据）。
即使这不是那么简单。但是，这是一个简单的示例/ scanario，它基于将代码稍微扩展为：-
static final Migration MIGRATION_1_2 = new Migration(1, 2) {
@Override
public void migrate(SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
final String TAG = "MIGRATE_1_2";
Log.d(TAG,"Database Version when called is " + db.getVersion());
// I need to tell Room that it should use the data
// from version 1 ( with the user's favorites ) to version 2.
// "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `userdata` (`userId` INTEGER DEFAULT uid, `name` TEXT, PRIMARY KEY(`userId`))"
//db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `userdata_saveuserdata` (`userId` INTEGER, `name` TEXT, PRIMARY KEY(`userId`))");
//db.execSQL("INSERT INTO `userdata_saveuserdata` SELECT * FROM `userdata`");
db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE `otherdata` ADD COLUMN `column2` TEXT");
Log.d(TAG,"Checking Context");
if (sContext != null) {
applyAssetDB(db);
} else {
Log.d(TAG,"Context is null!!!!");
}
}
};
如您所见，这会通过添加新列来更改其他数据表（而不是用户表）。
然后检查sContext是否不为空。
然后调用 applyAssetDB ，即：-
private static void applyAssetDB(SupportSQLiteDatabase sdb) {
String TAG = "APPLYASSETDB";
String mainDatabaseName = (new File(sdb.getPath()).getName());
String assetDatabaseName = mainDatabaseName + "_asset";
String asset_schema = "asset_schema";
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting application of asset data to database."
+ "\n\tActual Database = " + mainDatabaseName
+ "\n\tAsset Database will be " + assetDatabaseName
+ "\n\tSchema for attached database will be " + asset_schema
);
copyDatabaseFromAssets(AppDatabase.sContext,MainActivity.ASSETNAME,assetDatabaseName);
/*
if (sdb.isWriteAheadLoggingEnabled()) {
setAssetDBToWALMode(sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath());
}
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting to ATTACH asset database " + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath() + "." + asset_schema);
sdb.execSQL("ATTACH DATABASE '" + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath() + "' AS " + asset_schema);
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting INSERTING NEW DATA using\n\t" + "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO `otherdata` SELECT * FROM `otherdata`." + asset_schema);
sdb.execSQL("INSERT OR IGNORE INTO `otherdata` SELECT * FROM `otherdata`." + asset_schema);
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting to DETACH " + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath() + "." + asset_schema);
sdb.execSQL("DETACH DATABASE '" + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath() + "." + asset_schema);
*/
int insertRows = 0;
SQLiteDatabase assetdb = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath(),null,SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READONLY);
Cursor assetCursor = assetdb.query("`otherdata`",null,null,null,null,null,null);
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
while (assetCursor.moveToNext()) {
cv.clear();
for (String c: assetCursor.getColumnNames()) {
if (assetCursor.getType(assetCursor.getColumnIndex(c)) == Cursor.FIELD_TYPE_BLOB) {
cv.put(c,assetCursor.getBlob(assetCursor.getColumnIndex(c)));
} else {
cv.put(c,assetCursor.getString(assetCursor.getColumnIndex(c)));
}
}
if (sdb.insert("`otherdata`", OnConflictStrategy.IGNORE,cv) > 0 ) insertRows++;
}
Log.d(TAG,"Inserted " + insertRows + " from the Asset Database");
assetCursor.close();
Log.d(TAG,"Deleting " + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath());
if ((new File(sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath())).delete()) {
Log.d(TAG,"Copied AssetDatabase successfully deleted.");
} else {
Log.d(TAG,"Copied Asset Database file not deleted????");
}
Log.d(TAG,"Finished");
}
这通过 copyDatabaseFromAssets 方法（如下所示）将数据库从资产复制到默认数据库位置。它从资产数据库中提取所有非用户数据，并根据 OnConflictStrategy.IGNORE 将其插入到原始数据库（但根据更改的架构进行了更改）中。仅插入新行。 userdata 表保持不变，因此可以重设用户的数据。
这是 copyDatabaseFromAssets
private static void copyDatabaseFromAssets(Context context, String assetName, String databaseName) {
String TAG = "COPYDBFROMASSET";
int bufferSize = 1024 * 4, length = 0, read = 0, written = 0, chunks = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
try {
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting opening asset " + assetName + " as an InputFileStream.");
InputStream is = context.getAssets().open(assetName);
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting opening FileOutputStream " + context.getDatabasePath(databaseName).getPath());
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(context.getDatabasePath(databaseName));
Log.d(TAG,"Initiating copy.");
while((length = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {
read += length;
os.write(buffer,0,length);
written += length;
chunks++;
}
Log.d(TAG,"Read " + read + "bytes; Wrote " + written + " bytes; in " + chunks);
Log.d(TAG,"Finalising (Flush and Close output and close input)");
os.flush();
os.close();
is.close();
Log.d(TAG,"Finalised");
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Error copying Database from Asset " + e.getMessage());
}
}
下面是一个示例活动 MainActivity ，将所有这些放在一起（注意，为了方便起见，我使用allowMainThreadQueries）：-
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//public static final int DBVERSION = 1; //!!!!! ORIGINAL
public static final int DBVERSION = 2;
public static final String DBNAME = "app_database.db";
public static final String ASSETNAME = "database/QuotesDB.db";
AppDatabase appDB;
AllDao adao;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
appDB.setContext(this);
appDB = Room.databaseBuilder(this,AppDatabase.class,DBNAME)
.allowMainThreadQueries()
.createFromAsset(ASSETNAME)
.addCallback(AppDatabase.CALLBACK)
.addMigrations(AppDatabase.MIGRATION_1_2)
.build();
adao = appDB.allDao();
appDB.logDBInfo();
if (adao.getUserDataRowCount() == 3) {
adao.insertOneUserData(new UserData("ADDEDU100"));
adao.insertOneUserData(new UserData("ADDEDU200"));
adao.insertOneUserData(new UserData("ADDEDU300"));
}
appDB.logDBInfo();
}
}
运行时（更改新模式的相关代码并增加版本后），日志中的结果为：-
2019-11-30 10:56:38.768 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/MIGRATE_1_2: Database Version when called is 1
2019-11-30 10:56:38.771 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/MIGRATE_1_2: Checking Context
2019-11-30 10:56:38.771 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/APPLYASSETDB: Attempting application of asset data to database.
Actual Database = app_database.db
Asset Database will be app_database.db_asset
Schema for attached database will be asset_schema
2019-11-30 10:56:38.771 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/COPYDBFROMASSET: Attempting opening asset database/QuotesDB.db as an InputFileStream.
2019-11-30 10:56:38.771 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/COPYDBFROMASSET: Attempting opening FileOutputStream /data/user/0/a.roommigrationwithassets/databases/app_database.db_asset
2019-11-30 10:56:38.771 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/COPYDBFROMASSET: Initiating copy.
2019-11-30 10:56:38.771 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/COPYDBFROMASSET: Read 12288bytes; Wrote 12288 bytes; in 3
2019-11-30 10:56:38.771 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/COPYDBFROMASSET: Finalising (Flush and Close output and close input)
2019-11-30 10:56:38.772 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/COPYDBFROMASSET: Finalised
2019-11-30 10:56:38.780 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/APPLYASSETDB: Inserted 3 from the Asset Database
2019-11-30 10:56:38.780 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/APPLYASSETDB: Deleting /data/user/0/a.roommigrationwithassets/databases/app_database.db_asset
2019-11-30 10:56:38.780 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/APPLYASSETDB: Copied AssetDatabase successfully deleted.
2019-11-30 10:56:38.780 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/APPLYASSETDB: Finished
2019-11-30 10:56:38.815 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/ONOPEN: Database Version when called is 2
2019-11-30 10:56:38.816 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/ONOPEN: Database Version after Super call is 2
2019-11-30 10:56:38.819 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/DBINFO: UserData rowcount = 6
ID = 1 NAME = OU1
ID = 2 NAME = OU2
ID = 3 NAME = OU3
ID = 4 NAME = ADDEDU100
ID = 5 NAME = ADDEDU200
ID = 6 NAME = ADDEDU300
OtherData rowcount = 3
ID = 1Column1 = OD1
ID = 2Column1 = OD2
ID = 3Column1 = OD3
2019-11-30 10:56:38.821 12944-12944/a.roommigrationwithassets D/DBINFO: UserData rowcount = 6
ID = 1 NAME = OU1
ID = 2 NAME = OU2
ID = 3 NAME = OU3
ID = 4 NAME = ADDEDU100
ID = 5 NAME = ADDEDU200
ID = 6 NAME = ADDEDU300
OtherData rowcount = 3
ID = 1Column1 = OD1
ID = 2Column1 = OD2
ID = 3Column1 = OD3
AppDatabase 类的完整代码（请注意，其中包括一些冗余代码）为：-
@Database(version = MainActivity.DBVERSION, exportSchema = false,entities = {UserData.class,OtherData.class})
abstract class AppDatabase extends RoomDatabase {
abstract AllDao allDao();
static Context sContext;
static final Migration MIGRATION_1_2 = new Migration(1, 2) {
@Override
public void migrate(SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
final String TAG = "MIGRATE_1_2";
Log.d(TAG,"Database Version when called is " + db.getVersion());
// I need to tell Room that it should use the data
// from version 1 ( with the user's favorites ) to version 2.
// "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `userdata` (`userId` INTEGER DEFAULT uid, `name` TEXT, PRIMARY KEY(`userId`))"
//db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `userdata_saveuserdata` (`userId` INTEGER, `name` TEXT, PRIMARY KEY(`userId`))");
//db.execSQL("INSERT INTO `userdata_saveuserdata` SELECT * FROM `userdata`");
db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE `otherdata` ADD COLUMN `column2` TEXT");
Log.d(TAG,"Checking Context");
if (sContext != null) {
applyAssetDB(db);
} else {
Log.d(TAG,"Context is null!!!!");
}
}
};
static final RoomDatabase.Callback CALLBACK = new RoomDatabase.Callback() {
@Override
public void onCreate(@NonNull SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
Log.d("ONCREATE","Database Version when called is " + db.getVersion());
super.onCreate(db);
Log.d("ONCREATE","Database Version after Super call is " + db.getVersion());
}
@Override
public void onOpen(@NonNull SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
Log.d("ONOPEN","Database Version when called is " + db.getVersion());
super.onOpen(db);
Log.d("ONOPEN","Database Version after Super call is " + db.getVersion());
}
@Override
public void onDestructiveMigration(@NonNull SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
Log.d("ONDESTRMIG","Database Version when called is " + db.getVersion());
super.onDestructiveMigration(db);
Log.d("ONDESTRMIG","Database Version after Super call is " + db.getVersion());
}
};
public void logDBInfo() {
AllDao adao = this.allDao();
List<UserData> allUserDataRows = adao.getAllUserDataRows();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder().append("UserData rowcount = ").append(allUserDataRows.size());
for (UserData u: allUserDataRows) {
sb.append("\n\tID = ").append(u.getId()).append(" NAME = " + u.getName());
}
List<OtherData> allOtherDataRows = adao.getAllOtherDataRows();
sb.append("\n\nOtherData rowcount = ").append(allOtherDataRows.size());
for (OtherData o: allOtherDataRows) {
sb.append("\n\tID = ").append(o.getOtherDataId()).append("Column1 = ").append(o.getColumn1());
}
Log.d("DBINFO",sb.toString());
}
static void setContext(Context context) {
sContext = context;
}
private static void applyAssetDB(SupportSQLiteDatabase sdb) {
String TAG = "APPLYASSETDB";
String mainDatabaseName = (new File(sdb.getPath()).getName());
String assetDatabaseName = mainDatabaseName + "_asset";
String asset_schema = "asset_schema";
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting application of asset data to database."
+ "\n\tActual Database = " + mainDatabaseName
+ "\n\tAsset Database will be " + assetDatabaseName
+ "\n\tSchema for attached database will be " + asset_schema
);
copyDatabaseFromAssets(AppDatabase.sContext,MainActivity.ASSETNAME,assetDatabaseName);
/*
if (sdb.isWriteAheadLoggingEnabled()) {
setAssetDBToWALMode(sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath());
}
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting to ATTACH asset database " + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath() + "." + asset_schema);
sdb.execSQL("ATTACH DATABASE '" + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath() + "' AS " + asset_schema);
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting INSERTING NEW DATA using\n\t" + "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO `otherdata` SELECT * FROM `otherdata`." + asset_schema);
sdb.execSQL("INSERT OR IGNORE INTO `otherdata` SELECT * FROM `otherdata`." + asset_schema);
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting to DETACH " + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath() + "." + asset_schema);
sdb.execSQL("DETACH DATABASE '" + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath() + "." + asset_schema);
*/
int insertRows = 0;
SQLiteDatabase assetdb = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath(),null,SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READONLY);
Cursor assetCursor = assetdb.query("`otherdata`",null,null,null,null,null,null);
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
while (assetCursor.moveToNext()) {
cv.clear();
for (String c: assetCursor.getColumnNames()) {
if (assetCursor.getType(assetCursor.getColumnIndex(c)) == Cursor.FIELD_TYPE_BLOB) {
cv.put(c,assetCursor.getBlob(assetCursor.getColumnIndex(c)));
} else {
cv.put(c,assetCursor.getString(assetCursor.getColumnIndex(c)));
}
}
if (sdb.insert("`otherdata`", OnConflictStrategy.IGNORE,cv) > 0 ) insertRows++;
}
Log.d(TAG,"Inserted " + insertRows + " from the Asset Database");
assetCursor.close();
Log.d(TAG,"Deleting " + sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath());
if ((new File(sContext.getDatabasePath(assetDatabaseName).getPath())).delete()) {
Log.d(TAG,"Copied AssetDatabase successfully deleted.");
} else {
Log.d(TAG,"Copied Asset Database file not deleted????");
}
Log.d(TAG,"Finished");
}
private static void copyDatabaseFromAssets(Context context, String assetName, String databaseName) {
String TAG = "COPYDBFROMASSET";
int bufferSize = 1024 * 4, length = 0, read = 0, written = 0, chunks = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
try {
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting opening asset " + assetName + " as an InputFileStream.");
InputStream is = context.getAssets().open(assetName);
Log.d(TAG,"Attempting opening FileOutputStream " + context.getDatabasePath(databaseName).getPath());
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(context.getDatabasePath(databaseName));
Log.d(TAG,"Initiating copy.");
while((length = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {
read += length;
os.write(buffer,0,length);
written += length;
chunks++;
}
Log.d(TAG,"Read " + read + "bytes; Wrote " + written + " bytes; in " + chunks);
Log.d(TAG,"Finalising (Flush and Close output and close input)");
os.flush();
os.close();
is.close();
Log.d(TAG,"Finalised");
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Error copying Database from Asset " + e.getMessage());
}
}
private static void setAssetDBToWALMode(String assetDBPath) {
SQLiteDatabase db = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(assetDBPath,null,SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READWRITE);
db.enableWriteAheadLogging();
db.close();
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：0)
是的，有可能。
一个先决条件是您预装的数据库和应用程序数据库的版本必须相同。例如，您的第一个版本将两个数据库都作为版本1。现在，第二个版本将包含新数据将预发货的应用数据库版本更新为2，您的数据库构建器代码将如下所示：
Room.databaseBuilder(context.getApplicationContext(), AppDatabase.class, "app_database.db")
.createFromAsset("database/QuotesDB.db")
.fallbackToDestructiveMigration()
.build();
Prepopulate your Room database Docs
This medium article很好地解释了这一点
答案 2 :(得分：0)
是的，这是可能的！ 增加您的 SQLite VERSION 并在 Room.databaseBuilder() 中添加 .fallbackToDestructiveMigration()
Room.databaseBuilder(context.getApplicationContext(), AppDatabase.class, "app_database.db")
.createFromAsset("database/QuotesDB.db")
.fallbackToDestructiveMigration()
.build();