如何指定上级特征作为特征的参考?

时间:2019-11-14 04:54:23

标签: generics rust traits

我想创建一个特征,以强制实现类型和对类型的引用的Add特征的实现。也就是说,如果使用下面显示的NumberTrait,则应同时实现N + N&N + &N

use std::ops::Add;

// I think a supertrait needs to be added to NumberTrait,
// something like &Add<Output = Self>, but I don't know
// the correct syntax
pub trait NumberTrait: Sized + Add<Output = Self> {}

fn add_number<N: NumberTrait>(a: N, b: N) -> N {
    a + b
}

fn add_number_ref<N: NumberTrait>(a: &N, b: &N) -> N {
    a + b // compiler error occurs in this line: an implementation of `std::ops::Add` might be missing for `&N`
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

您可以执行以下操作:

use std::ops::Add;

pub trait NumberTrait: Sized + Add<Output = Self>
where
    for<'a> &'a Self: Add<Output = Self>,
{
}

fn add_number<N: NumberTrait>(a: N, b: N) -> N
where
    for<'a> &'a N: Add<Output = N>,
{
    a + b
}

fn add_number_ref<N: NumberTrait>(a: &N, b: &N) -> N
where
    for<'a> &'a N: Add<Output = N>,
{
    a + b
}

但是最有可能的是,您不需要在所有地方都使用该约束,而只需在add_number_ref函数上放置where子句即可。

请参阅:https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2018&gist=b5bdd3633d22ea1e0873d431a6665f9d