Question

当我使用@WebMvcTest测试我的Spring Controller时，我遇到两个问题。

MockMvc找不到正确的URL
添加MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup()之后，mockMvc就可以了。但是我的控制器throw NullPointException caused by @Autowired Service

我只是做单元测试，所以我不想使用@SpringBootTest来启动我所有的SpringBoot应用程序。我已尝试@InjectMock我的控制器和@Mock or @MockBean服务。这些都没有用。因此，有人可以告诉我为什么@Autowired不能在没有@Autowired的情况下无法找到Spock单元测试中的@SpringBootTest控制器吗？

这是我的控制人

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/schedule/filter")
public class ScheduleObjectFilterController extends BaseController {
    @PostMapping(path="/",produces  = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
    public String createScheduleObjectFilter(@RequestBody String body){
        BaseResponse<ResponseStatus> resp = new BaseResponse<>(ResponseStatus._200);
        try{
            List<ScheduleObjectFilterParam> paramList = parseJSONArray(body,ScheduleObjectFilterParam.class);
            resp.setStatus(scheduleObjectFilterService.createScheduleObjectFilter(paramList));
        }catch(BaseRuntimeException e){
            logger.error("Create ScheduleObjectFilter error:", e);
            resp.setException(e);
        }catch(Exception e){
            logger.error("Create ScheduleObjectFilter error:", e);
            resp.setStatus(ResponseStatus._500);
        }
         return renderJSON(resp);
    }

    @Autowired
    private ScheduleObjectFilterService scheduleObjectFilterService;

}

这是我的服务，它已经实现

public interface ScheduleObjectFilterService{
     ResponseStatus createScheduleObjectFilter(List<ScheduleObjectFilterParam> paramList);
}

@Service
public class ScheduleObjectFilterServiceImpl extends BaseService implements ScheduleObjectFilterService {
    public ResponseStatus createScheduleObjectFilter(List<ScheduleObjectFilterParam> paramList) {
    // some code
    }
}

这是我的考试班

@WebMvcTest(controllers = [ScheduleObjectFilterController.class])
@ActiveProfiles("local")
class ScheduleSettingControllerSpecification extends Specification{

    @Autowired
    MockMvc mockMvc

    @MockBean
    BaseController baseController

    @MockBean
    ScheduleObjectFilterService scheduleObjectFilterService

    def setup(){
        //after add next line,the mockMvc can find url,but service throw NullPointException
        //mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new ScheduleObjectFilterController()).build()
        scheduleObjectFilterService.createScheduleObjectFilter(_ as List) >> ResponseStatus._500
    }

    def "MvcTest"(){
        given:
        ScheduleObjectFilterParam param = new ScheduleObjectFilterParam()
        List<ScheduleObjectFilterParam> dataList = Collections.singletonList(param)
        expect:
        mockMvc.perform(post("/schedule/filter/").contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(JSONObject.toJSONString(dataList)))
        .andExpect(status().isOk())
    }

}

在添加MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup()之前：

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = POST
      Request URI = /schedule/filter/
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = {Content-Type=[application/json]}
             Body = <no character encoding set>
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = null
             View = null
            Model = null

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 404
    Error message = null
          Headers = {}
     Content type = null
             Body = 
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

添加后：

2019-11-10 11:53:22.896 [WEB] [ERROR] com.kaifa.hes.schedule.controller.ScheduleObjectFilterController.createScheduleObjectFilter() -> Create ScheduleObjectFilter error:
java.lang.NullPointerException: null
    at com.kaifa.hes.schedule.controller.ScheduleObjectFilterController.createScheduleObjectFilter(ScheduleObjectFilterController.java:47) [classes/:?]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:1.8.0_201]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[?:1.8.0_201]
......

此异常直接指向控制器中的这一行

resp.setStatus(scheduleObjectFilterService.createScheduleObjectFilter(paramList));

Answer 1

@WebMvcTest仅用于按应用程序测试Web层，因此您需要模拟控制器中的所有依赖项并在方法调用中添加桩号。 more information

@WebMvcTest(controllers = [ScheduleObjectFilterController.class])
@ActiveProfiles("local")
class ScheduleSettingControllerSpecification extends Specification{

@Autowired
MockMvc mockMvc

@MockBean
BaseController baseController

@MockBean
ScheduleObjectFilterService  scheduleObjectFilterService


def "MvcTest"(){

    when(this.scheduleObjectFilterService.createScheduleObjectFilter(ArgumentMatchers.anyList())
     .thenReturn(// custom error);    

    given:
    ScheduleObjectFilterParam param = new ScheduleObjectFilterParam()
    List<ScheduleObjectFilterParam> dataList = Collections.singletonList(param)
    expect:mockMvc.perform(post("/schedule/filter/").contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(JSONObject.toJSONString(dataList)))
    .andExpect(status().isOk())
   }

}

Answer 2

@InjectMocks无法在Spock中工作。如果我们想使用相同的功能，这里有一个third-part extension 我们可以使用@Subject和@Collaborator批注来解决此问题。注意，Spock有其自己的@Subject注释。在导入软件包之前，请检查它是否在正确的软件包中

@WebMvcTest找到状态404并且服务返回null

2 个答案: