pybind11从print()将python sys.stdout重定向到C ++

时间:2019-11-07 23:40:13

标签: python c++ pybind11

我有一个带有pybind11嵌入式python解释器的c ++程序,执行以下python文件,它将直接打印到std::cout

# test.py
print("text")

执行文件的c ++程序:

#include <pybind11/embed.h>

namespace py = pybind11;

int main() {
    py::scoped_interpreter guard{};
    py::eval_file("test.py");
}

我发现其他解决方案需要修改python文件-如何将python sys.stdout作为std :: string重定向到c ++, 而无需仅使用print()语句修改python代码?< / p>

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

此github问题描述了一种方法: https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/issues/1622

逐字复制该问题的代码。建议使用以下位使其起作用:

#include <pybind11/pybind11.h>
namespace py = pybind11;

从问题开始:

class PyStdErrOutStreamRedirect {
    py::object _stdout;
    py::object _stderr;
    py::object _stdout_buffer;
    py::object _stderr_buffer;
public:
    PyStdErrOutStreamRedirect() {
        auto sysm = py::module::import("sys");
        _stdout = sysm.attr("stdout");
        _stderr = sysm.attr("stderr");
        auto stringio = py::module::import("io").attr("StringIO");
        _stdout_buffer = stringio();  // Other filelike object can be used here as well, such as objects created by pybind11
        _stderr_buffer = stringio();
        sysm.attr("stdout") = _stdout_buffer;
        sysm.attr("stderr") = _stderr_buffer;
    }
    std::string stdoutString() {
        _stdout_buffer.attr("seek")(0);
        return py::str(_stdout_buffer.attr("read")());
    }
    std::string stderrString() {
        _stderr_buffer.attr("seek")(0);
        return py::str(_stderr_buffer.attr("read")());
    }
    ~PyStdErrOutStreamRedirect() {
        auto sysm = py::module::import("sys");
        sysm.attr("stdout") = _stdout;
        sysm.attr("stderr") = _stderr;
    }
};

用法:

{
    PyStdErrOutStreamRedirect pyOutputRedirect{};
    py::print("hello world");
    // Other noisy python functions can be put here
    assert(pyOutputRedirect.stdoutString() == "hello world\n")
}
// sys.stdout is back to its original state

答案 1 :(得分:0)

在这种情况下,“捕获”是什么意思?最终,无论是python还是C ++,编写都是通过操作系统进行的。如果只是要使输出静音,将其写入文件,将其发送到另一个进程等,等等,则可以拦截该级别的所有输出。

下面是一个示例,该示例压缩python脚本期间的所有stdout输出,然后还原,此后stdout的行为将像以前一样(对于python和其他情况):

#include <pybind11/embed.h>
#include <unistd.h>

namespace py = pybind11;

int main() {

    auto fdo = fileno(stdout);
    auto savefd = dup(fdo);
    auto f = fopen("/dev/null", "w");
    dup2(fileno(f), fdo);

    py::scoped_interpreter guard{};
    py::eval_file("test.py");

    fflush(stdout);
    dup2(savefd, fdo);
}

答案 2 :(得分:0)

我的实现如下

原理是实现一个模块来代替sys.stdout

#include <iostream>
#include <pybind11/embed.h>

PYBIND11_EMBEDDED_MODULE(my_sys, m) {
    struct my_stdout {
        my_stdout() = default;
        my_stdout(const my_stdout &) = default;
        my_stdout(my_stdout &&) = default;
    };

    py::class_<my_stdout> my_stdout(m, "my_stdout");
    my_stdout.def_static("write", [](py::object buffer) {
        std::cout << buffer.cast<std::string>();
    });
    my_stdout.def_static("flush", []() {
        std::cout << std::flush;
    });

    m.def("hook_stdout", []() {
        auto py_sys = py::module::import("sys");
        auto my_sys = py::module::import("my_sys");
        py_sys.attr("stdout") = my_sys.attr("my_stdout");
    });
}

auto main(int argc, char **argv) -> int {
    py::scoped_interpreter python;

#if 0
    py_stdout.attr("write") = py::cpp_function([](py::object info) {
        std::cout << "info" << std::endl;
    });
#else
    py::module::import("my_sys").attr("hook_stdout")();
#endif

    py::print("Hello, World!\n")

    return 0;
}