您如何使汽车向其朝向移动？ （使用python和turtle图形）

Question

我正在使用乌龟图形构建一个简单的python游戏，这是一辆在轨道上行驶的汽车。我已经建造了轨道和汽车，并且我知道如何使汽车向不同的方向旋转，但是我不知道如何使汽车朝着其所面对的特定方向移动。有人有什么想法吗？这是我到目前为止的内容：

    import turtle

    #Screen
    wn = turtle.Screen()
    wn.title('Car')
    wn.bgcolor('black')
    wn.setup(width=1200, height=1200)
    wn.tracer(0)

    #Track
    track = turtle.Turtle()
    track.color('white')
    track.speed(0)
    track.penup()
    track.goto(-550, 0)
    track.pendown()
    track.goto(-550, 300)
    track.goto(-100,370)
    track.goto(100, 210)
    track.goto(300, 380)
    track.goto(580, 100)
    track.goto(570, -300)
    track.goto(300, -370)
    track.goto(0, -250)
    track.goto(-300, -200)
    track.goto(-570, -250)
    track.goto(-550, 0)
    track.hideturtle()

    #Track 2
    track2 = turtle.Turtle()
    track2.color('white')
    track2.speed(0)
    track2.penup()
    track2.goto(-450, 0)
    track2.pendown()
    track2.goto(-450, 230)
    track2.goto(-150, 250)
    track2.goto(100, 100)
    track2.goto(300, 200)
    track2.goto(460, 100)
    track2.goto(450, -220)
    track2.goto(300, -250)
    track2.goto(0, -130)
    track2.goto(-300, -100)
    track2.goto(-450, 0)
    track2.hideturtle()

    #Start line
    line = turtle.Turtle()
    line.color('white')
    line.speed(0)
    line.penup()
    line.goto(-550, 0)
    line.pendown()
    line.goto(-450,0)
    line.hideturtle()

    #Car
    car = turtle.Turtle()
    car.color('red')
    car.speed(0)
    car.penup() 
    car.shape('square')
    car.shapesize(stretch_wid=1, stretch_len=2)
    car.goto(-500, 0)
    car.setheading(90)



    #Move car
    def turn_right():
        car.right(20)
    def turn_left():
        car.left(20)


    #Key Bindings
    wn.listen()
    wn.onkey(turn_right, 'd')
    wn.onkey(turn_left, 'a')


    while True:
        wn.update()

    turtle.mainloop()

Answer 1

简单的答案是更改它：

while True:
    wn.update()

改为：

while True:
    car.forward(1)
    wn.update()

，您会发现您的汽车向前移动，并要求您驾驶它以保持在赛道上。更复杂的答案是，while True:在像乌龟这样的事件驱动环境中没有业务，而您需要的是计时器事件：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle, mainloop

# Move car
def turn_right():
    car.right(20)

def turn_left():
    car.left(20)

def move():
    car.forward(1)
    screen.update()
    screen.ontimer(move, 25)

# Screen
screen = Screen()
screen.title('Car')
screen.bgcolor('black')
screen.setup(width=1200, height=1200)
screen.tracer(0)

# Track
track = Turtle()
track.hideturtle()
track.color('white')

track.penup()
track.goto(-550, 0)
track.pendown()

track.goto(-550, 300)
track.goto(-100, 370)
track.goto(100, 210)
track.goto(300, 380)
track.goto(580, 100)
track.goto(570, -300)
track.goto(300, -370)
track.goto(0, -250)
track.goto(-300, -200)
track.goto(-570, -250)
track.goto(-550, 0)

track.penup()
track.goto(-450, 0)
track.pendown()

track.goto(-450, 230)
track.goto(-150, 250)
track.goto(100, 100)
track.goto(300, 200)
track.goto(460, 100)
track.goto(450, -220)
track.goto(300, -250)
track.goto(0, -130)
track.goto(-300, -100)
track.goto(-450, 0)

# Start line
line = Turtle()
line.hideturtle()
line.color('white')

line.penup()
line.setx(-550)
line.pendown()
line.setx(-450)

# Car
car = Turtle()
car.shape('square')
car.shapesize(stretch_wid=1, stretch_len=2)
car.color('red')
car.setheading(90)
car.penup()
car.setx(-500)

# Key Bindings
screen.onkey(turn_right, 'd')
screen.onkey(turn_left, 'a')
screen.listen()

move()

mainloop()