Tkinter中的嵌入式图:断开y轴并限制刻度线和标签到子图

时间:2019-10-23 11:45:49

标签: python-3.x matplotlib tkinter figure subplot

我有一个应用程序,其中嵌入了一个交互式绘图窗口。我想在一个共享的x轴和一个独立的y轴上放置几个子图。整个过程都是为了进行数据分析。

我已经建立了子图,但是由于某种原因,第一个子图的y轴以某种方式连接到其他子图,但并非以其他方式连接。 此外,刻度线和标签重叠,而不是停留在其各自的子图上。

我尝试使用pyplot.subplots函数来解决独立轴和刻度/标签的问题,但是当我调用它而不是嵌入它时,这会打开另一个窗口。

展示问题的示例代码(Python 3.7)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import tkinter as tk
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from tkinter import ttk
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

class window(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self,*args,**kwargs)
        self.generate_data()
        self.plotPane = self.plot_pane(self)

    def generate_data(self):
        self.data = pd.DataFrame()
        x = [1,2,3,4,5]
        y = np.zeros((len(x)))
        for i,yy in enumerate(y):
            y[i] = yy + 10.*float(np.random.random())
        self.data['x'] = x
        self.data['y'] = y

    class plot_pane():
        def __init__(self,parent):
            self.parent = parent
            self.labelframe = ttk.Labelframe(self.parent,text="Plot")

            replotButton = ttk.Button(self.parent,text="replot",command=self.update_plot)
            self.labelframe.grid(row=0, column=0)
            replotButton.grid(row=1,column=0)
            self.figure = Figure(figsize=(6,3),dpi=100)
            self.figure.subplots_adjust(left=0.11,bottom=0.09,right=0.77,top=0.92)# BaMa:. subplot margins, so labels are visible
            self.sub = self.figure.add_subplot(111)

            # toolbar and canvas for live plot
            canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.figure,self.labelframe)
            canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=1,column=1,rowspan=2,sticky="NSEW",pady=20)
            canvas._tkcanvas.grid(row=1,column=1,rowspan=2, sticky="NSEW")

            toolbar_frame = tk.Frame(self.labelframe)
            toolbar_frame.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky="SEW")
            toolbar = NavigationToolbar2Tk(canvas,toolbar_frame)
            toolbar.update()
            self.update_plot()

        def update_plot(self,*args):
            # clear figure
            self.figure.clf()

            stackAx = []
            for i in range(0,2):
                # generate new random data
                self.parent.generate_data()
                testX = self.parent.data['x']
                testY = self.parent.data['y']

                # add subplots
                if i == 0:
                    stackAx.append(self.figure.add_subplot(i+1,1,1))# y-axis of this subplot is somehow connected to the other
                else:
                    stackAx.append(self.figure.add_subplot(i+1,1,1,sharex=stackAx[0]))

                # plot, add labels, ticks and grid
                stackAx[i].plot(testX,testY)
                stackAx[i].set_ylabel("ax-"+str(i))
                stackAx[i].tick_params('y')
                stackAx[i].grid()
            self.figure.canvas.draw()


window = window()
window.mainloop()

因此,当您在顶部移动子图时,底部y轴也会移动,并且“ ax-0”标签+刻度线会突破上方的子图。当您移动下部图时,上部图的y轴不会移动(应该如此)

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

我知道了。显然add_subplotpyplot.subplots的功能有些不同,我无法正确理解。

以下更新功能有效:

    def update_plot(self,*args):
        # clear figure
        self.figure.clf()

        stackAx = []
        numberOfPlots = 2
        for i in range(0,numberOfPlots):
            # generate new random data
            self.parent.generate_data()
            testX = self.parent.data['x']
            testY = self.parent.data['y']

            # add subplots
            if i == 0:
                stackAx.append(self.figure.add_subplot(numberOfPlots,1,i+1))
            else:
                stackAx.append(self.figure.add_subplot(numberOfPlots,1,i+1,sharex=stackAx[0]))

            # plot, add labels, ticks and grid
            stackAx[i].plot(testX,testY)
            stackAx[i].set_ylabel("ax-"+str(i))
            stackAx[i].tick_params('y')
            stackAx[i].grid()
        self.figure.canvas.draw()

我从这里得到的:https://pythonprogramming.net/subplot2grid-add_subplot-matplotlib-tutorial/