在尝试重新安装OS X 10.15 Catalina和XCode命令行工具以及Xcode 11.0之后，我正在尝试为旧项目安装旧的gem版本。我要安装的gem是scrypt，版本1.2.1，它是authlogic的依赖项。
gem install scrypt -v '1.2.1'
此宝石在另一个宝石casein的引擎盖下使用。因此，我无法直接在我的Gemfile中更新scrypt。
返回以下错误：
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing scrypt:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: /Users/sergiypetrenko/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.8/gems/scrypt-1.2.1/ext/scrypt
/Users/sergiypetrenko/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.8/bin/ruby -rrubygems /Users/sergiypetrenko/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.8/gems/rake-13.0.0/exe/rake RUBYARCHDIR\=/Users/sergiypetrenko/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.8/extensions/x86_64-darwin-19/2.3.0/scrypt-1.2.1 RUBYLIBDIR\=/Users/sergiypetrenko/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.8/extensions/x86_64-darwin-19/2.3.0/scrypt-1.2.1
mkdir -p x86_64-darwin
gcc -fexceptions -O -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -msse -msse2 -arch x86_64 -arch i386 -o x86_64-darwin/crypto_scrypt-sse.o -c ./crypto_scrypt-sse.c
gcc -fexceptions -O -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -msse -msse2 -arch x86_64 -arch i386 -o x86_64-darwin/memlimit.o -c ./memlimit.c
gcc -fexceptions -O -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -msse -msse2 -arch x86_64 -arch i386 -o x86_64-darwin/scrypt_calibrate.o -gcc -fexceptions -O -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -msse -msse2 -arch x86_64 -arch i386 -o x86_64-darwin/sha256.o -c ./sha256.c
gcc -bundle -o x86_64-darwin/libscrypt_ext.bundle x86_64-darwin/crypto_scrypt-sse.o x86_64-darwin/memlimit.o x86_64-darwin/scrypt_calibrate.o x86_64-darwin/scrypt_ext.o x86_64-darwin/scryptenc_cpuperf.o x86_64-darwin/sha256.o -fexceptions -arch x86_64 -arch i386
ld: warning: The i386 architecture is deprecated for macOS (remove from the Xcode build setting: ARCHS)
ld: warning: ignoring file /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libSystem.tbd, missing required architecture i386 in file /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libSystem.tbd
Undefined symbols for architecture i386:
"___error", referenced from:
_crypto_scrypt in crypto_scrypt-sse.o
_memtouse in memlimit.o
"___stack_chk_fail", referenced from:
_scrypt_SHA256_Transform in sha256.o
_scrypt_SHA256_Final in sha256.o
_HMAC_scrypt_SHA256_Init in sha256.o
_HMAC_scrypt_SHA256_Final in sha256.o
_PBKDF2_scrypt_SHA256 in sha256.o
"___stack_chk_guard", referenced from:
_scrypt_SHA256_Transform in sha256.o
_scrypt_SHA256_Final in sha256.o
_HMAC_scrypt_SHA256_Init in sha256.o
_HMAC_scrypt_SHA256_Final in sha256.o
_PBKDF2_scrypt_SHA256 in sha256.o
"_free", referenced from:
_crypto_scrypt in crypto_scrypt-sse.o
"_getrlimit$UNIX2003", referenced from:
_memtouse in memlimit.o
"_gettimeofday", referenced from:
_scryptenc_cpuperf in scryptenc_cpuperf.o
"_malloc", referenced from:
_crypto_scrypt in crypto_scrypt-sse.o
"_memcpy", referenced from:
_scrypt_SHA256_Update in sha256.o
_PBKDF2_scrypt_SHA256 in sha256.o
"_mmap$UNIX2003", referenced from:
_crypto_scrypt in crypto_scrypt-sse.o
"_munmap$UNIX2003", referenced from:
_crypto_scrypt in crypto_scrypt-sse.o
"_sysconf", referenced from:
_memtouse in memlimit.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture i386
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
rake aborted!
Command failed with status (1): [gcc -bundle -o x86_64-darwin/libscrypt_ext...]
/Users/sergiypetrenko/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.8/gems/ffi-compiler-1.0.1/lib/ffi-compiler/compile_task.rb:153:in `block in define_task!'
/Users/sergiypetrenko/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.8/gems/rake-13.0.0/exe/rake:27:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => default => x86_64-darwin/libscrypt_ext.bundle
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
rake failed, exit code 1
对我来说，在OS X 10.14 Mojave上的主要解决方案是安装此软件包/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg。但是现在苹果决定在Catalina中删除/ usr / include。原因是Xcode现在支持多个SDK和Xcode的多个安装。