Question

我在我的任务中遇到案例3的问题，该案例应该询问用户要更新其薪水的员工的员工ID。 for循环搜索员工ID，然后打印出相应的薪水。

然后打印“输入新薪水”，但是由于某种原因我的scanf被跳过，并且在用户可以输入新薪水之前就消失了。

edit：在格式说明符前添加空格以忽略空白，因为某些提示（谢谢！），现在提示用户输入新薪水，但是当我使用选项1显示表中雇员333s薪水不变时，仍显示以前输入的工资不是用户刚刚输入的新工资

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#include <stdio.h>
// Define Number of Employees "SIZE" to be 2
#define SIZE 4  

// Declare Struct Employee 
// Empinfo.h

struct Empinfo
{
    int IDNo;
    int age;
    double salary;
};

/* main program */
int main(void)
{
    int i;
    int count = 0;
    int option = 0;
    int empIDcheck = 0;

    // Declare a struct Employee array "emp" with SIZE elements 
    // and initialize all elements to zero
    struct Empinfo emp[SIZE] = { {0} };

    printf("---=== EMPLOYEE DATA ===---\n\n");

    do
    {
        // Print the option list
        printf("1. Display Employee Information\n");
        printf("2. Add Employee\n");
        printf("3. Update Employee Salary\n");
        printf("4. Remove Employee\n");
        printf("0. Exit\n\n");
        printf("Please select from the above options: ");

        // Capture input to option variable
        scanf("%d", &option);
        printf("\n");

        switch (option)
        {
        case 0: // Exit the program

            printf("Exiting Employee Data Program. Good Bye!!!\n");
            break;

        case 1: // Display Employee Data
                // @IN-LAB

            printf("EMP ID  EMP AGE EMP SALARY\n");
            printf("======  ======= ==========\n");
            for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
            {
                printf("%6d%9d%11.2lf\n", emp[i].IDNo, emp[i].age, emp[i].salary);
            }
            printf("\n");
            // Use "%6d%9d%11.2lf" formatting in a   
            // printf statement to display
            // employee id, age and salary of 
            // all  employees using a loop construct 

            // The loop construct will be run for SIZE times 
            // and will only display Employee data 
            // where the EmployeeID is > 0

            break;

        case 2: // Adding Employee
                // @IN-LAB

            printf("Adding Employee\n");
            printf("===============\n");

            // Check for limits on the array and add employee 
            // data accordingly. 
            if (count < SIZE)
            {
                printf("Enter Employee ID: ");
                scanf("%d", &emp[count].IDNo);
                printf("Enter Employee Age: ");
                scanf("%d", &emp[count].age);
                printf("Enter Employee Salary: ");
                scanf("%lf", &emp[count].salary);
                printf("\n");
                count++;
            }
            else
            {
                printf("ERROR!!! Maximum Number of Employees Reached\n");
                printf("\n");
            }


            break;

        case 3:
            printf("Update Employee Salary\n");
            printf("======================\n");
            int found = 1;

            do {
                printf("Enter Employee ID: ");
                scanf("%d", &empIDcheck);
                for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
                {
                    if (empIDcheck == emp[i].IDNo) {
                        found = 0;
                        printf("The current salary is %.2lf\n", emp[i].salary);
                    }

                }
                if (found == 0) {
                    printf("Enter Employee New Salary: ");
                    scanf("%.2lf", &emp[i].salary);
                }
                if (found == 1)
                    printf("*** ERROR Employee ID not found! ***\n");
            } while (found == 1);

            break;

        default:
            printf("ERROR: Incorrect Option: Try Again\n\n");
        }

    } while (option != 0);

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

问题出在寻找empIDcheck的循环中：

for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
{
     if (empIDcheck == emp[i].IDNo) {
         found = 0;
         printf("The current salary is %.2lf\n", emp[i].salary);
     }
}

当您在数组中找到正确的元素时，您不会结束循环，而是继续进行迭代。这意味着循环后的i的值将等于SIZE，这超出了数组的范围。

找到正确的元素后，您需要停止循环。这可以通过break语句完成：

for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
{
     if (empIDcheck == emp[i].IDNo) {
         found = 0;
         printf("The current salary is %.2lf\n", emp[i].salary);
         break;  // Done with the loop
     }
}

或通过更新循环条件以检查found：

for (i = 0; i < SIZE && found != 0; i++)
{
     if (empIDcheck == emp[i].IDNo) {
         found = 0;
         printf("The current salary is %.2lf\n", emp[i].salary);
     }
}

Answer 2

以下代码有问题，您让for完成循环因此i的值现在与SIZE相同，因此它对于数组而言是超出范围的，更正它，并在格式说明符前留一个空格，看看它是否有效

 do {
            printf("Enter Employee ID: ");
            scanf("%d", &empIDcheck);
            for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
            {
                if (empIDcheck == emp[i].IDNo) {
                    found = 0;
                    printf("The current salary is %.2lf\n", emp[i].salary);
                     ======== <<<<< need the break here>>>>>> ======
                }

            }
            if (found == 0) {
                printf("Enter Employee New Salary: ");
                scanf("%.2lf", &emp[i].salary);  ========> i is going out of bound
                    and try with having <space> before format like " %.2lf" and see if it helps
            }

更改结构的成员

2 个答案: