我正在尝试在Docker容器中运行项目测试。在本地运行时，所有测试都可以正常工作。当我尝试将测试移至Docker容器时开始出现错误。 这是错误消息：
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
[...]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'flywayInitializer' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/flyway/FlywayAutoConfiguration$FlywayConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.flywaydb.core.internal.command.DbMigrate$FlywayMigrateException:
Migration V1__initial_user.sql failed
-------------------------------------
SQL State : 42601
Error Code : 0
Message : ERROR: syntax error at or near "GENERATED"
Position: 45
Location : db/migration/V1__initial_user.sql (/Users/villemossip/Desktop/GRP/GRP-SAS/application/build/resources/main/db/migration/V1__initial_user.sql)
Line : 36
Statement : CREATE TABLE revinfo
(
rev INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY ( START WITH 1 ),
revtstmp BIGINT,
PRIMARY KEY (rev)
)
从日志中我们可以看到已创建了容器映像，但是它无法迁移sql模式：
[...]
2019-10-10 10:36:18.768 INFO 49547 --- [ main] o.f.c.internal.license.VersionPrinter : Flyway Community Edition 5.2.4 by Boxfuse
2019-10-10 10:36:18.777 INFO 49547 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2019-10-10 10:36:18.795 INFO 49547 --- [ main] ? [postgres:9.6.12] : Creating container for image: postgres:9.6.12
2019-10-10 10:36:19.001 INFO 49547 --- [ main] ? [postgres:9.6.12] : Starting container with ID: a32dd0850baf34770cce9bdc81918cd4db40502188b85dfaa90f74e2900f9fa7
2019-10-10 10:36:19.547 INFO 49547 --- [ main] ? [postgres:9.6.12] : Container postgres:9.6.12 is starting: a32dd0850baf34770cce9bdc81918cd4db40502188b85dfaa90f74e2900f9fa7
2019-10-10 10:36:23.342 INFO 49547 --- [ main] ? [postgres:9.6.12] : Container postgres:9.6.12 started
2019-10-10 10:36:23.426 INFO 49547 --- [ main] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
2019-10-10 10:36:23.431 INFO 49547 --- [ main] o.f.c.internal.database.DatabaseFactory : Database: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:32834/test (PostgreSQL 9.6)
2019-10-10 10:36:23.488 INFO 49547 --- [ main] o.f.core.internal.command.DbValidate : Successfully validated 6 migrations (execution time 00:00.024s)
2019-10-10 10:36:23.501 INFO 49547 --- [ main] o.f.c.i.s.JdbcTableSchemaHistory : Creating Schema History table: "public"."flyway_schema_history"
2019-10-10 10:36:23.519 INFO 49547 --- [ main] o.f.core.internal.command.DbMigrate : Current version of schema "public": << Empty Schema >>
2019-10-10 10:36:23.520 INFO 49547 --- [ main] o.f.core.internal.command.DbMigrate : Migrating schema "public" to version 1 - initial user
2019-10-10 10:36:23.542 ERROR 49547 --- [ main] o.f.core.internal.command.DbMigrate : Migration of schema "public" to version 1 - initial user failed! Changes successfully rolled back.
2019-10-10 10:36:23.546 WARN 49547 --- [ main] o.s.w.c.s.GenericWebApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'flywayInitializer' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/flyway/FlywayAutoConfiguration$FlywayConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.flywaydb.core.internal.command.DbMigrate$FlywayMigrateException:
Migration V1__initial_user.sql failed
-------------------------------------
[...]
这是sql脚本的一部分（app / src / main / resources / db / migration）：
[...]
constraint user_aud_pkey primary key (id, rev)
);
CREATE TABLE revinfo
(
rev INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY ( START WITH 1 ),
revtstmp BIGINT,
PRIMARY KEY (rev)
);
CREATE SEQUENCE hibernate_sequence INCREMENT 1 MINVALUE 1
MAXVALUE 9223372036854775807
START 1
CACHE 1;
这是“ application.properties”（app / test / java / resources）：
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.testcontainers.jdbc.ContainerDatabaseDriver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:tc:postgresql://localhost:5433/test
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.jdbc.lob.non_contextual_creation=true
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=validate
spring.jackson.default-property-inclusion=NON_NULL
spring.flyway.baselineOnMigrate=true
spring.flyway.check-location=true
spring.flyway.locations=classpath:db/migration
spring.flyway.schemas=public
spring.flyway.enabled=true
在同一目录中，我也有container-license-acceptance.txt文件。
在“ build.gradle”内部，添加了以下几行（app / build.gradle）：
dependencies {
[...]
testImplementation "org.testcontainers:junit-jupiter:1.11.3"
testImplementation "org.testcontainers:postgresql:1.11.3"
}
在BaseInitTest文件中，有以下几行（app / test / java / com）：
@Testcontainers
@SpringBootTest
public class BaseIntTest {
@Container
private static final PostgreSQLContainer<?> container = new PostgreSQLContainer<>();
[...]
我不明白，最初如何才能通过相同的测试，但是将它们移至docker容器时会失败？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
似乎带有数据库的测试容器已成功启动，所以在那里没有问题，您得到的是空数据库。
然后尝试运行飞行通道，这将失败。 Spring Boot中的Flyway在Spring应用程序上下文的初始化期间起作用， 因此实际的迁移是在初始化应用程序上下文时运行的，因此迁移失败看起来像是弹簧失败。
但是，记录了原因：迁移文件的内容无效：
Migration V1__initial_user.sql failed
-------------------------------------
SQL State : 42601
Error Code : 0
Message : ERROR: syntax error at or near "GENERATED"
Position: 45
Location : db/migration/V1__initial_user.sql (/Users/villemossip/Desktop/GRP/GRP-
SAS/application/build/resources/main/db/migration/V1__initial_user.sql)
Line : 36
Statement : CREATE TABLE revinfo
(
rev INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY ( START WITH 1 ),
revtstmp BIGINT,
PRIMARY KEY (rev)
)
不支持此GENERATED BY。
为什么？可能您的docker映像包含不支持此语法的RDBMS版本。因此它不同于您在没有docker的本地环境中使用的数据库。
无论如何，这都不是关于docker，spring或flyway的，而是关于DB和迁移代码的。
在分辨率方面，我建议直接运行数据库的docker映像（不使用Java，testcontainers和flyway）。 当它运行时，只需在pgadmin或其他程序中“手动”运行此迁移。您应该会看到相同的错误。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我发现问题出在Postgres版本。出于某种原因，默认情况下，Docker映像是使用旧版本9.6.12创建的，但是sql脚本 GENERATED BY DEFAULT 已添加到版本10的Postgres中。
解决方案1 （将sql脚本更新为旧版本）：
CREATE TABLE revinfo
(
rev INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
revtstmp BIGINT
);
解决方案2： 通过在项目中创建CustomPostgreSQLContainer文件，将Docker映像版本更改为11.2。
import org.testcontainers.containers.PostgreSQLContainer;
public class CustomPostgreSQLContainer extends PostgreSQLContainer<CustomPostgreSQLContainer> {
private static final String IMAGE_VERSION = "postgres:11.2";
private static CustomPostgreSQLContainer container;
CustomPostgreSQLContainer() {
super(IMAGE_VERSION);
}
public static CustomPostgreSQLContainer getInstance() {
if (container == null) {
container = new CustomPostgreSQLContainer();
}
return container;
}
@Override
public void start() {
super.start();
System.setProperty("spring.datasource.url", container.getJdbcUrl());
System.setProperty("spring.datasource.username", container.getUsername());
System.setProperty("spring.datasource.password", container.getPassword());
}
@Override
public void stop() {
//do nothing, JVM handles shut down
}
}
并更新BaseIntTest文件：
@Testcontainers
@SpringBootTest
public class BaseIntTest {
@Container
private static final PostgreSQLContainer<?> container = CustomPostgreSQLContainer.getInstance();
最后从测试application.properties文件中删除两行：
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.testcontainers.jdbc.ContainerDatabaseDriver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:tc:postgresql://localhost:5433/test