我有这样的Article模型
from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericRelation
from django.db import models
from hitcount.models import HitCountMixin, HitCount
class Article(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
hit_count_generic = GenericRelation(
HitCount, object_id_field='object_pk',
related_query_name='hit_count_generic_relation')
当我做Article.objects.order_by('hit_count_generic__hits')
时,我得到了结果。但是当我这样做时
articles_by_id = Article.objects.filter(id__in=ids).annotate(qs_order=models.Value(0, models.IntegerField()))
articles_by_name = Article.objects.filter(title__icontains='sports').annotate(qs_order=models.Value(1, models.IntegerField()))
articles = articles_by_id.union(articles_by_name).order_by('qs_order', 'hit_count_generic__hits')
获取错误
ORDER BY词与结果集中的任何列都不匹配
我如何实现这样的联合?我必须使用联合而不是AND和OR,因为我需要保留顺序。即article_by_id应该放在第一位,articles_by_name应该放在第二位。
使用Django命中数作为命中数https://github.com/thornomad/django-hitcount。命中数模型如下。
class HitCount(models.Model):
"""
Model that stores the hit totals for any content object.
"""
hits = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
content_type = models.ForeignKey(
ContentType, related_name="content_type_set_for_%(class)s", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
object_pk = models.TextField('object ID')
content_object = GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_pk')
objects = HitCountManager()
如@Angela所建议,尝试了与预取相关的操作。
articles_by_id = Article.objects.prefetch_related('hit_count_generic').filter(id__in=[1, 2, 3]).annotate(qs_order=models.Value(0, models.IntegerField()))
articles_by_name = Article.objects.prefetch_related('hit_count_generic').filter(title__icontains='date').annotate(qs_order=models.Value(1, models.IntegerField()))
检查时与prefetch_related相关的查询根本没有选择点击数。
SELECT "articles_article"."id", "articles_article"."created", "articles_article"."last_changed_date", "articles_article"."title", "articles_article"."title_en", "articles_article"."slug", "articles_article"."status", "articles_article"."number_of_comments", "articles_article"."number_of_likes", "articles_article"."publish_date", "articles_article"."short_description", "articles_article"."description", "articles_article"."cover_image", "articles_article"."page_title", "articles_article"."category_id", "articles_article"."author_id", "articles_article"."creator_id", "articles_article"."article_type", 0 AS "qs_order" FROM "articles_article" WHERE "articles_article"."id" IN (1, 2, 3)
答案 0 :(得分:0)
来自Django's official documentation:
此外,数据库对组合查询中允许的操作设置了限制。例如,大多数数据库在组合查询中不允许LIMIT或OFFSET。
因此,请确保您的数据库允许组合这样的查询。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
ORDER BY词与结果集中的任何列都不匹配
您正在收到此错误,因为这正是发生的情况。您的 articles 最终结果集不包含 hitcount表中的hits列,因此,结果集无法使用此列进行排序。
在深入研究答案之前,让我们先了解一下django查询集的情况。
检索一组特定的文章,并包括一个额外的订购字段qs_order设置为0。
articles_by_id = Article.objects.filter(id__in=ids).annotate(qs_order=models.Value(0, models.IntegerField()))
针对上述内容的SQL查询
Select id, title,....., 0 as qs_order from article where article.id in (Select ....) # whatever you did to get your ids or just a flat list
检索另一组文章,并包括一个额外的订购字段qs_order设置为1
articles_by_name = Article.objects.filter(title__icontains='sports').annotate(qs_order=models.Value(1, models.IntegerField()))
针对上述内容的SQL查询
Select id, title, ...1 as qs_order from article where title ilike '%sports%'
原始查询集和order_by hit_count_generic__hits
Article.objects.order_by('hit_count_generic__hits')
这实际上将执行内部联接,并按hits列获取hitcount表以进行排序。
查询
Select id, title,... from article inner join hitcount on ... order by hits ASC
联盟
因此,当您进行并集时,将合并以上两个查询的结果集,然后使用您的 qs_order 和 hits 对其进行排序...
解决方案
使用prefetch_related在初始查询集过滤中获取点击计数表,因此您可以使用联合中的hits列进行排序。
articles_by_id = Article.objects.prefetch_related('hit_count_generic').filter(id__in=ids).annotate(qs_order=models.Value(0, models.IntegerField()))
articles_by_name = Article.objects.prefetch_related('hit_count_generic').filter(title__icontains='sports').annotate(qs_order=models.Value(1, models.IntegerField()))
现在,由于在SELECT查询中都具有所需的表及其列,因此,合并将按照您定义的方式工作。
articles = articles_by_id.union(articles_by_name).order_by('qs_order', 'hit_count_generic__hits')