在不使用Excel.Application的情况下，如何在Powershell中将CSV，XLS，XLSM和XLSX之间的文件转换为CSV，XLS，XLSX和XML？我只想使用MICROSOFT.ACE.OLEDB.12.0。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我首先将此作为模块编写，但随后将其作为ps1而不是.include。 您也可以将其弹出到文件顶部，然后在其下方调用。
关于不使用excel创建excel电子表格的说明：我不太擅长。它似乎正在处理我向其提供的数据。如果您有更好的方法来设置架构并将其写入文件，那将是我的游戏，但是我只需要成功，而不是优雅。
''''Powershell
<#
.SYNOPSIS
This function will take 2 filenames and use the excel application to convert from the first file to the second file.
.DESCRIPTION
This function allows you to use the full power of excel to open and save files. The infile can be any file that excel can open. The outfile can be xlsx, xls or csv. Also, there is an option to delete the destination file before runing the save operation to avoid prompts when overwriting, and to erase the origin file after the process has completed.
.EXAMPLE
Convert-OLEDB -infile 'Source.xls' -outfile 'destination.xlsx' -delete $true
Converts source.xls to xlsx file type.
Deletes source.xls when done.
Deletes destination.xlsx before it converts.
.EXAMPLE
Convert-OLEDB -infile 'Source.xlsx' -outfile 'destination.csv'
Converts xlsx to csv.
Leaves both files behind when done.
.EXAMPLE
Convert-OLEDB -infile 'Source.csv'
Converts infile Source.csv (or whatever format) to xlsx of the same name.
Leaves both behind when done.
.EXAMPLE
Convert-OLEDB -infile 'Source.xlsx' -Extension '.csv'
Converts xlsx to csv. By passing just the extension it will use the same base file name.
Leaves both files behind when done.
.EXAMPLE
dir *.xls | Sort-Object -Property LastWriteTime | Convert-OLEDB -Extension ".csv"
Similar to above but uses the pipeline to do multiple conversions.
If full outfile name is given, it will create just one file over and over again. In this example it would go in chronological order creating csv files.
.EXAMPLE
Dir *.xls | Convert-OLEDB -extension ".csv" -delete $True | Convert-OLEDB -extension ".xls"
That's just weird, but it might solve your problem, and it works.
.PARAMETER infile
Name of the origin file to use. If the full path is not given it will be opened from the context the script is running in.
.PARAMETER outfile (extension)
Name of the destination file to create. If the full path is not given it will save in the default destination of Excel.
.PARAMETER delete
If $true it will delete the target location file if it exists before conversion and the origin file after conversion. Functions like a move with clobber.
If anything else or blank it will leave origin in place and if destination exists it will prompt for overwrite.
#>
function Convert-OLEDB{
param(
[parameter(ValueFromPipeLineByPropertyName=$True,ValueFromPipeline=$True)]
[Alias('FullName')]
[string] $infile,
[Alias('Extension')]
[string] $outfile,
[bool] $delete
)
Begin {
$begin_outfile = $outfile
$oledb = (New-Object system.data.oledb.oledbenumerator).GetElements() | Sort -Property SOURCES_NAME | where {$_.SOURCES_NAME -like "Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB*"} | Select -Last 1
If ($oledb -eq $null) {
Write-Output "MICROSOFT.ACE.OLEDB does not seem to exist on this computer."
Write-Output "Please see https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=54920"
Write-Output "This can also happen if you have not installed the 32 or 64 bit version "
Write-Output "and you are running this script in the architecture that is missing it."
Write-Output "Solution is to do silent install on missing driver"
break
} else {
$Provider=$Oledb.SOURCES_NAME
Write-Verbose "Provider $Provider found on this computer"
}
}
Process{
#Check infile
if (-not($infile)) {
Write-Output "You must supply a value for -infile"
break
}
else {
Try {
$file = Get-Item $infile
$OleDbConn = New-Object "System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection";
$OleDbCmd = New-Object "System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand";
$OleDbAdapter = New-Object "System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter";
$DataTable = New-Object "System.Data.DataTable";
$Source = $file.FullName
Switch($file.Extension){
".xls" {$OleDbConn.ConnectionString = "Provider=$Provider;Data Source=""$Source"";Extended Properties=""EXCEL 12.0;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1"";"}
".xlsx" {$OleDbConn.ConnectionString = "Provider=$Provider;Data Source=""$Source"";Extended Properties=""EXCEL 12.0 XML;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1"";"}
".xlsm" {$OleDbConn.ConnectionString = "Provider=$Provider;Data Source=""$Source"";Extended Properties=""EXCEL 12.0 MACRO;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1"";"}
Default {
$Source = $file.DirectoryName
$OleDbConn.ConnectionString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=""$Source"";Extended Properties=""text;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1"";"
}
}
$OleDbCmd.Connection = $OleDbConn;
$OleDbConn.Open();
Switch($file.Extension){
{$_ -in (".xls", ".xlsx",".xlsm")} {$FirstSheet = $OleDbConn.getSchema("Tables")[0].Table_Name}
Default {$FirstSheet = $file.Name}
}
$OleDbCmd.CommandText = "select * from [$FirstSheet];”
$OleDbAdapter.SelectCommand = $OleDbCmd;
$RowsReturned = $OleDbAdapter.Fill($DataTable);
$OleDbConn.Close();
}
Catch {Write-Output "$infile does not seem to exist, or I can't get to it"; break}
}
#Check outfile
#Reset value for pipeline loop
$outfile = $begin_outfile
#If blank just presume xlsx
if (-not($outfile)) {
$outfile = $file.FullName -replace '\.[^.]+$',".xlsx"
Write-Verbose "No outfile supplied, setting outfile to $outfile"
}
#If startswith a dot, use as an extension.
If ($outfile.StartsWith(".")) {
$outfile = $file.FullName -replace '\.[^.]+$',$outfile
Write-Verbose "Extension supplied, setting outfile to $outfile"
}
if ($file.FullName -eq $outfile) {
#Nobody needs us to create a copy of an existing file.
write-verbose "Goal already achieved, moving on"
}
Else {
if(Test-Path ($outfile)){
#Avoid prompting to overwrite by removing an existing file of the same name
Remove-Item -path ($outfile)
}
Try {
#derive XlFileFormat from extension
if($outfile -cmatch '\.[^.]+$') {
$extens="" #Reset for pipeline loop
switch ($Matches[0])
{
".csv" {
#Out to CSV
$DataTable | Export-Csv "$outfile" -NoTypeInformation
}
".xml" {
#Simple, poorly formed:
#$DataTable.TableName = $FirstSheet
#$DataTable.WriteXml("$outfile")
#BetterForm, strongly Typed, empty/Null differentiation
Export-Clixml -Path "$outfile" -InputObject $DataTable
}
Default {
#Out to xlsx
$OleDbConnOut = New-Object "System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection";
$OleDbCmdOut = New-Object "System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand";
$OleDbAdapterOut = New-Object "System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter";
$DataTable2 = New-Object "System.Data.DataTable";
If($Matches[0] -eq ".xls"){$ext_swap = ""}
If($Matches[0] -eq ".xlsx"){$ext_swap = " XML"}
$OleDbConnOut.ConnectionString = "Provider=$Provider;Data Source=""$outfile"";MODE=ReadWrite;Extended Properties=""Excel 12.0$ext_swap"";"
$OleDbCmdOut.Connection = $OleDbConnOut;
$OleDbConnOut.Open();
$Create = "CREATE TABLE [Sheet2] ("
$Stuff = "INSERT INTO [Sheet2] ("
$Stuff2 = "VALUES ("
$DataTable.Columns | % {
$name = $_.ColumnName.Replace("#",".")
$Type = $_.DataType
$Stuff += "[$name], "
$Stuff2 += "?, "
$Create += "[$name] $Type, "
$atname = "@" + $name
}
$Stuff = $Stuff.TrimEnd(", ") + ")"
$Stuff2 = $Stuff2.TrimEnd(", ") + ")"
$Create = $Create.TrimEnd(", ") + ")"
$OleDbCmdOut.CommandText = $Create
$UpdateCount = $OleDbCmdOut.ExecuteNonQuery()
$OleDbAdapterOut.InsertCommand = $Stuff + " " + $Stuff2
$DataTable | % {
$Insert = "INSERT INTO [Sheet2] VALUES ("
$_.ItemArray | % {
$val = $_
$Type = $_.GetType().Name
switch ($Type) {
"Double" {
#Write "$Type"
$Insert += "$val, "
}
"DBNull" {
#Write "$Type"
$Insert += "NULL, "
}
Default {
#Write "$Type"
$val = $val.Replace("""","""""")
$Insert += """$val"", "
}
}
}
$Insert = $Insert.TrimEnd(", ") + ")"
$OleDbCmdOut.CommandText = $Insert
Try {
Write-Verbose "Attempting to run this command: $Insert"
$updatedcount = $OleDbCmdOut.ExecuteNonQuery()
}
Catch{Write-Output "$Error[0] /nIt seems like there was a problem with this command: $Insert"}
}
$OleDbConnOut.Close();
}
}
}
else {
Write-Output "Unable to determine the output file extenstion, this really shouldn''t happen"
break #if it can't find an extension in regex
}
}
Catch {
Write-Host "Unable to convert file $file because powershell with OLEDB cannot open or save it without help"
break
}
if ($delete) {#If asked to delete
if(Test-Path ($outfile)){ #And a file now exists where outfile said it should be
if(Test-Path ($infile)){ #And there is a file at infile
Remove-Item -path ($infile) #Delete it
}
}
}
}
}
End{
#Cleanup
}
}
'''