所以我现在在Bjarne Stroustrup的编程手册“编程：使用c ++的原理和实践”中进行练习，而且我还是坚持不懈地努力。基本上，练习是编写一个程序，剔除它不喜欢的单词。它的工作方式是用户输入一个字符串，程序重复该单词。如果用户输入的单词是不喜欢向量的一部分，则该单词将被“Bleep”替换。 （我不知道我是否解释了这一点，但理解这一点并不复杂。）
这是我的程序版本：
int main()
{
string dislike = "Potato";
string words = " ";
cout << "Please enter some words: " << endl;
while(cin>>words)
{
if(words==dislike)
{
cout << "Bleep!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << words << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
正如你所看到的，这个版本没有使用向量（它应该，因为在本章的向量解释之后，运动是正确的）。所以我的问题是，如何在其中实现一个包含许多“不喜欢”单词的向量：
vector<string>dislike;
dislike.push_back("Potatoes");
dislike.push_back("Peanuts");
dislike.push_back("Coconut");
并使它像我的其他版本没有向量一样工作（重复单词，但是不喜欢这些不喜欢的单词）。我似乎无法理解如何在向量中导航，以便它只会使“不喜欢”的单词黯然失色。
如果有人能帮助我并向我解释它是如何运作的（请不要只给我答案），我们将非常感激。
感谢您的时间和帮助，单独学习c ++并不总是很简单，我感谢这个网站让我的学习曲线更容易。
bobicool
答案 0 :(得分：4)
好的，让我解释一下它的简单方法。有更多优雅的，但是现在重要的是你要了解如何访问std::vector以及如何正确地构建控制结构。
您可以使用迭代器遍历向量的所有元素。
for(vector<string>::const_iterator it = dislike.begin(); it != dislike.end(); ++it) {
// now *it gives access to the current element (here: current dislike word)
if (*it == words) {
// ... yeah, we found out the current word is on the list!
}
}
通过调用begin()得到向量中第一个元素的迭代器，然后继续递增（++it）直到到达向量的末尾。我在这里使用const_iterator因为我不打算修改任何元素，如果需要，可以使用iterator。
使用std::vector，也可以通过[index]建立索引（但通常不推荐）：
for(size_t i = 0;i < dislike.size(); ++i) {
// dislike[i] is the current element
if (dislike[i] == words) {
// huuuuray! another BEEEP candidate
}
}
一旦你知道我们有什么不喜欢的词，你就不需要进一步搜索这个载体了。
for(vector<string>::const_iterator it = dislike.begin(); it != dislike.end(); ++it) {
if (*it == words) {
// we found a positive match, so beep and get out of here
cout << "Bleep!" << endl;
break;
}
}
bool is_beep = false;
for(vector<string>::const_iterator it = dislike.begin(); it != dislike.end(); ++it) {
if (*it == words) {
// we found a positive match, so beep and get out of here
cout << "Bleep!" << endl;
is_beep = true;
break;
}
}
// this is not a dislike word if is_beep is false, so print it as usual
if (!is_beep) {
cout << words << endl;
}
int main()
{
vector<string>dislike;
dislike.push_back("Potatoes");
dislike.push_back("Peanuts");
dislike.push_back("Coconut");
string words = " ";
cout << "Please enter some words: " << endl;
while(cin>>words)
{
bool is_beep = false;
for(vector<string>::const_iterator it = dislike.begin(); it != dislike.end(); ++it) {
if (*it == words) {
// we found a positive match, so beep and get out of here
cout << "Bleep!" << endl;
is_beep = true;
break;
}
}
// this is not a dislike word if is_beep is false, so print it as usual
if (!is_beep) {
cout << words << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
查看std::find以获得更具惯用性的解决方案 - 它基本上可以为您节省内循环。如果重新构造一下，你也可以在最后一个代码示例中删除bool。我将把它作为练习留给你（提示：保持迭代器活着并在终止循环后检查它的值）。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
int main()
{
vector<string> dislike;
dislike.push_back("Potatoes");
dislike.push_back("Peanuts");
dislike.push_back("Coconut");
string words;
cout << "Please enter some words: " << endl;
while(cin >> words)
{
if(find(dislike.begin(), dislike.end(), words) != dislike.end())
{
cout << "Bleep!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << words << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
std::find为您的来源添加#include <algorithm>。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
使用std :: find（your_vector.begin（），your_vector.end（），words）
int main()
{
vector<string>dislike;
dislike.push_back("Potatoes");
dislike.push_back("Peanuts");
dislike.push_back("Coconut");
string words = " ";
cout << "Please enter some words: " << endl;
while(cin>>words)
{
if(std::find(dislike.begin(), dislike.end(), words) != dislike.end())
{
cout << "Bleep!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << words << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
答案 3 :(得分：0)
以下是我在阅读时对书中特定问题的解决方案。 :)希望它不言自明。
/*THE QUESTION GOES LIKE;
Write a program that “bleeps” out words that you don’t like; that is, you read in words
using cin and print them again on cout. If a word is among a few you have defined, you
write out BLEEP instead of that word. Start with one “disliked word” such as string
disliked = “Broccoli”;
When that works, add a few more.*/
#include "std_lib_facilities.h" // this is a standard library header that came with
the book
int main () {
vector<string> dislike = {"Dislike", "Alike", "Hello", "Water"}; /* defining a vector
for the disliked words. */
vector<string> words; //initializing vector for the read words.
cout << "Please enter some words\n"; //prompt user to enter some words.
for( string word; cin >> word;) //this current word typed is read in.
words.push_back(word); // word read in are pushed into the vector "words".
sort(words); /* function for the standard library for sorting data...this makes the data from the vector "words" appears in alphabetical order. */
for (int i=0; i<words.size(); ++i){ /*this acts as an iterator. and goes through all the element of the vector "words". */
if(i==0 || words[i-1]!=words[i]){ /*this prevents the words from repeating....just an option incase the user enters same kinda words twice or more. */
if(words[i]!=dislike[0] && words[i]!=dislike[1] && words[i]!=dislike[2] && words[i]!=dislike[3]) /*This test checks whether the words typed match any of the elements of the vector "dislike".if they don't match; */
cout << words[i]<< '\n'; //prints out the words.
else
cout << "BlEEP!\n"; //if they match....print out "BlEEP!".
}
}
}
答案 4 :(得分：0)
我正在学习C ++。该计划已被更改一些。 写一个＆＃34;哔哔＆＃34;说出你不喜欢的坏词;那是， 你用cin阅读单词并在cout上再次打印它们。如果一个单词是你定义的几个单词之一，你就写出BLEEP和/或让它BLEEP（声音）而不是那个单词。从一个＆＃34;坏词开始＃34;例如 - string badword =＆＃34; ass＆＃34 ;;当它工作时，添加一些或根据你不想打印的所有坏词写一个完整的程序。
while (cin >> words)
{
if(find(badwords.begin(), badwords.end(),words) !=badwords.end())
{
cout << " " << endl; // You can put Bleep in or leave it out (Blank) if blank
// it will leave a blank in the phrase when it prints
Beep(523,500); // This is to Bleep (Sound) when a bad word is found
cin.get();
}
else
{
cout << words << endl;
}
}
既然有人给出了答案，我已经改变了一些程序。那是给你学习的。 这在Visual Studio Express 2012上运行
答案 5 :(得分：0)
我已经使用前面章节中已经学到的想法解决了这个问题，而不是超出你的理解。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
vector<string> disliked;
//adding disliked words to the vector
disliked.push_back("dog");
disliked.push_back("cat");
disliked.push_back("goat");
disliked.push_back("cow");
disliked.push_back("sheep");
disliked.push_back("pig");
string words=""; //this variable will store the input from the user.
while(cin>>words)
{//test every entered word to see if it's equal to any word listed in disliked words.
if(words==disliked[0] ||//or
words==disliked[1] ||//or
words==disliked[2] ||//or
words==disliked[3] ||//or
words==disliked[4] ||//or
words==disliked[5]){
cout<<"Bleeps";}
else{
cout<<words;}
}
return 0;
//Not that I have not gone beyond what has been covered in the previous chapters.
//I know their are beautiful solutions to this problem.
//Keep learning you will know everything.
}
答案 6 :(得分：0)
这个问题是很久以前问过的，因此作者在这一点上可能是专业的，但对于寻求相同答案的任何人来说，这是一个更简单但有效的解决方案。我从头开始学习Bjarne书，因此我暂时还不会“受”高知识的影响而迷惑您，但会根据我们在书中的距离找到足够好的解决方案。 ：）
// program that bleeps out words we dont like
vector <string> words;
vector <string> bwords = {"this", "that", "then"}; //bleeped words
string sword; // temporary word
cout << "Enter few words: ";
for (string tword; cin >> tword;) // read in words
words.push_back(tword);
//check if they match beeped words
cout << "\n\nWords:\n";
for (int i = 0; i < words.size(); i++) //take word[i] from the vector
{
sword = words[i]; // temporary variable is now word[i]
for (int j = 0; j < bwords.size(); j++) // take beeped word[j] from saved words
{
if (words[i] == bwords[j]) // is word[i] same as bleeped word[j]
sword = "BLEEP"; // if word[i] is same then replace sword with BEEP
}
cout << sword << "\n"; // now we checked first word and if it matches with any of the bleeped words then it will cout bleep, otherwise it will cout first word.
}
现在在此示例中，您可以添加许多新的bleeped单词，而无需更改代码。 这不是“现实生活”编程中的最佳解决方案，但是在这本书中，我们了解到的是vector（不是很多），cout，cin ..等，所以其他任何事情看起来都令人困惑。关于这一点，我们尚不了解使用::，begin，true / fals，cin.get或类似的内容。
答案 7 :(得分：0)
$args = array(
'posts_per_page' => 3,
'order' => 'desc',
'post_type' => 'post',
'cat' => array(19,20,2,3),
'ignore_sticky_posts' => true
);
$args['orderby'] = 'post_views';
$posts = get_posts( $args );
答案 8 :(得分：-1)
“简单可能比复杂更难：您必须努力工作以使您的思路清晰，使其变得简单。但最终还是值得的，因为一旦到达那里，您就可以搬山。” ―史蒂夫·乔布斯
#include "std_lib_facilities.h"
int main()
{
vector<string>disliked;
disliked.push_back("Apple");
disliked.push_back("OliveOil");
disliked.push_back("Strawberry");
disliked.push_back("Lemon");
cout<<"Please type some words:"<<"\n";
string words=" ";
while(cin>>words)
{
if (words==disliked[0] | words==disliked[1]|
words==disliked[2] | words==disliked[3])
{cout<<"BLEEP"<<"\n";}
else{cout<<words<<"\n";}
}
keep_window_open();
}