我正在使用mysql作为数据库，并且在向先前存在的模型中添加字段时得到django.db.utils.OperationalError: (1054, "Unknown column 'commons_smsmessages.sent_date' in 'field list'")。我该如何解决？
我尝试了python manage.py makemigrations，并且还尝试了删除所有迁移文件并运行python manage.py makemigrations，但似乎不起作用。
这是我正在尝试将字段更新/添加到的模型：
class SMSMessages(models.Model):
sms_number_to = models.CharField(max_length=14)
sms_content = models.CharField(max_length=160)
sender_company = models.ForeignKey("SMSUser", on_delete=models.PROTECT, related_name="company_that_sent", limit_choices_to=1)
sent_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "SMSMessages"
def __str__(self):
return self.sender_company
我要添加到模型中的字段是sent_date。但是每当我运行python manage.py makemigrations时，我都会得到错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 71, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 209, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 315, in _query
db.query(q)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 226, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
MySQLdb._exceptions.OperationalError: (1054, "Unknown column 'commons_smsmessages.sent_date' in 'field list'")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
main()
File "manage.py", line 17, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 361, in execute
self.check()
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 390, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 377, in _run_checks
return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 72, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 13, in check_url_config
return check_resolver(resolver)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 23, in check_resolver
return check_method()
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 399, in check
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 80, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 584, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 80, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 577, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api/urls.py", line 23, in <module>
path("", include('commons.urls')),
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/conf.py", line 34, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/commons/urls.py", line 8, in <module>
from commons.apiviews import TypeList, TypeDetail, SMSPriceList, SMSPriceDetail, SMSUserCreate, SMSUserUpdate
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/commons/apiviews.py", line 135, in <module>
class SMSMessagesView(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/commons/apiviews.py", line 142, in SMSMessagesView
if not queryset:
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 278, in __bool__
self._fetch_all()
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1242, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 55, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch, chunk_size=self.chunk_size)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1100, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 99, in execute
return super().execute(sql, params)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 76, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 71, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 209, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 315, in _query
db.query(q)
File "/home/gadd/vscodeworkspace/sms.et/api.sms.et/api_env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 226, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: (1054, "Unknown column 'commons_smsmessages.sent_date' in 'field list'")
我期望的是成功运行的python manage.py makemigrations，更新我的数据库并将列添加到模型/表中。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
因此，发布问题后，我已经解决了。事实证明，上帝知道为什么，如果您使用的模型试图在任何地方更新，那么django会抛出上述错误（再次上帝知道为什么）。因此，我在views.py，serializer.py，apiviews.py等文件中注释了使用上述模型的代码块，并运行python manage.py makemigrations，它起作用了。
我离开这里是为了防止其他人遇到这个问题。