D3缩放和鼠标悬停工具提示
我在尝试使鼠标悬停在我的D3图上工作时遇到问题（我不是D3专家）。我设法使线和点通过缩放进行同步，但无法在指向上方显示工具提示，不确定我是否丢失了某些内容，如您在下面的图像中所见，一切正常。
您可以使用下面的按钮来编写我的代码。感谢您的帮助。
var data = JSON.parse('{"success":true,"response":[{"product_date":"2019-09-01","value":{"temperature":"30.6029968261719"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-02","value":{"temperature":"30.1170043945312"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-03","value":{"temperature":"30.0830078125"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-04","value":{"temperature":"30.2479858398438"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-05","value":{"temperature":"30.9110107421875"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-06","value":{"temperature":"31.3150024414062"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-07","value":{"temperature":"31.2909851074219"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-08","value":{"temperature":"30.7149963378906"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-09","value":{"temperature":"30.010009765625"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-10","value":{"temperature":"29.7990112304688"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-11","value":{"temperature":"29.6549987792969"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-12","value":{"temperature":"30.0769958496094"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-13","value":{"temperature":"30.0830078125"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-14","value":{"temperature":"29.8619995117188"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-15","value":{"temperature":"30.0029907226562"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-16","value":{"temperature":"30.1080017089844"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-17","value":{"temperature":"30.6979980469"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-18","value":{"temperature":"30.3139953613"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-19","value":{"temperature":"30.5180053710938"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-20","value":{"temperature":"30.3720092773"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-21","value":{"temperature":"29.8710021973"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-22","value":{"temperature":"29.7460021972656"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-23","value":{"temperature":"29.5769958496"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-24","value":{"temperature":"29.1159973145"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-25","value":{"temperature":"28.908996582"}}]}');
var svg = d3.select("svg"),
margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 110, left: 40},
margin2 = {top: 430, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40},
width = +svg.attr("width") - margin.left - margin.right,
height = +svg.attr("height") - margin.top - margin.bottom,
height2 = +svg.attr("height") - margin2.top - margin2.bottom;
var parseDate = d3.timeParse("%b %Y");
var x = d3.scaleTime().range([0, width]),
x2 = d3.scaleTime().range([0, width]),
y = d3.scaleLinear().range([height, 0]),
y2 = d3.scaleLinear().range([height2, 0]);
var xAxis = d3.axisBottom(x),
xAxis2 = d3.axisBottom(x2),
yAxis = d3.axisLeft(y);
var brush = d3.brushX()
.extent([[0, 0], [width, height2]])
.on("brush end", brushed);
var zoom = d3.zoom()
.scaleExtent([1, Infinity])
.translateExtent([[0, 0], [width, height]])
.extent([[0, 0], [width, height]])
.on("zoom", zoomed);
var line1 = d3.line()
.curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
.x(function(d) { return x(d.date) })
.y(function(d) { return y(d.value) });
var line2 = d3.line()
.curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
.x(function(d) { return x2(d.date) })
.y(function(d) { return y2(d.value) });
svg.append("defs").append("clipPath")
.attr("id", "clip")
.append("rect")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height);
var focus = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "focus")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");
var points = svg.append('g')
.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
var context = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "context")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin2.left + "," + margin2.top + ")");
var div = d3.select("body").append("div")
.attr("class", "tooltip")
.style("opacity", 0);
let vdata = data.response;
// format the data
vdata.forEach((d) => {
d.date = d3.timeParse("%Y-%m-%d")(d.product_date);
d.value = +d.value.temperature;
});
x.domain(d3.extent(vdata, function(d) { return d.date; }));
y.domain([0, d3.max(vdata, function(d) { return d.value; })]);
x2.domain(x.domain());
y2.domain(y.domain());
focus.append("path")
.datum(vdata)
.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)")
.attr("class", "line")
.attr("fill", "none")
.attr("stroke", "steelblue")
.attr("stroke-width", 1.5)
.attr("d", line1);
focus.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--x")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
.call(xAxis);
focus.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--y")
.call(yAxis);
points.selectAll(".dot")
.data(vdata)
.enter().append("circle")
.attr("class", "dot")
.attr("cx", function(d, i) { return x(d.date) })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return y(d.value) })
.attr("r", 3)
.attr("pointer-events", "all")
.on("mouseover", function(d) {
div.transition()
.duration(200)
.style("opacity", .9);
div .html(parseDate(d.date) + "<br/>" + f(d.value))
.style("left", (d3.event.pageX) + "px")
.style("top", (d3.event.pageY - 28) + "px");
})
.on("mouseout", function(d) {
div.transition()
.duration(500)
.style("opacity", 0);
});
points.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--y")
.call(yAxis);
context.append("path")
.datum(vdata)
.attr("class", "line")
.attr("fill", "none")
.attr("stroke", "steelblue")
.attr("stroke-width", 1.5)
.attr("d", line2);
context.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--x")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height2 + ")")
.call(xAxis2);
context.append("g")
.attr("class", "brush")
.call(brush)
.call(brush.move, x.range());
svg.append("rect")
.attr("class", "zoom")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height)
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
.call(zoom);
function brushed() {
if (d3.event.sourceEvent && d3.event.sourceEvent.type === "zoom") return; // ignore brush-by-zoom
var s = d3.event.selection || x2.range();
x.domain(s.map(x2.invert, x2));
focus.select(".line").attr("d", d3.line()
.x(function(d) { return x(d.date) })
.y(function(d) { return y(d.value) })
.curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
);
focus.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
points.selectAll('circle')
.attr("cx", function(d, i) { return x(d.date) })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return y(d.value) });
points.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
svg.select(".zoom").call(zoom.transform, d3.zoomIdentity
.scale(width / (s[1] - s[0]))
.translate(-s[0], 0));
}
function zoomed() {
if (d3.event.sourceEvent && d3.event.sourceEvent.type === "brush") return; // ignore zoom-by-brush
var t = d3.event.transform;
x.domain(t.rescaleX(x2).domain());
focus.select(".line").attr("d", d3.line()
.x(function(d) { return x(d.date) })
.y(function(d) { return y(d.value) })
.curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
);
points.selectAll('circle')
.attr("cx", function(d, i) { return x(d.date) })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return y(d.value) });
points.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
focus.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
context.select(".brush").call(brush.move, x.range().map(t.invertX, t));
}
function type(d) {
d.date = parseDate(d.date);
d.value = +d.value;
return d;
}.area {
fill: steelblue;
clip-path: url(#clip);
}
.zoom {
cursor: move;
fill: none;
pointer-events: all;
}
.dot {
fill: steelblue;
stroke: #fff;
}
div.tooltip {
position: absolute;
text-align: left;
width: 70px;
height: 28px;
padding: 3px;
font: 11px sans-serif;
background: lightsteelblue;
border: 0px;
border-radius: 3px;
pointer-events: none;
}<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/4.13.0/d3.min.js"></script>
<svg width="960" height="500"></svg>
1 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：1)
为了进行缩放交互，您在绘图区域上放置了一个不可见的矩形：
svg.append("rect")
.attr("class", "zoom")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height)
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
.call(zoom);
您需要在附加了保存图解的g之后执行此操作，以便矩形位于点上。
指针事件在可以与点交互之前被此矩形拦截。
您可以做的是将矩形附加到被选为g的{{1}}上，并用focus放下矩形（这只是移动矩形，因此它是矩形的第一个子元素） selection.lower()，具有先绘制图或在图下绘制的效果）
g但是现在我们遇到了相反的问题（尽管很轻微）：绘图截获了鼠标事件，这意味着如果鼠标悬停在绘图上，则无法缩放，因此我们可以对其进行一些修改：
focus.append("rect")
.attr("class", "zoom")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height)
.lower();
.call(zoom);
但是，由于 focus.append("rect")
.attr("class", "zoom")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height)
.lower();
focus.call(zoom);
不是包含点的focus的选择，因此，当鼠标悬停在一个点上时，图形将不会缩放（当鼠标悬停在该行上方时，它会）。同样，由于轴是在g中选择的g的一部分，因此当鼠标悬停在轴上时，可以缩放。
也许这不是问题，但是为了解决这个问题，我们可以稍微调整DOM结构，以确保绘图区域（底部轴上方和垂直轴右侧）中的所有内容与变焦，但没有别的。
为此，我们将点添加为焦点focus的子级，并在不同的g上调用轴（我为您添加了一个新轴）：
g当然，我们需要更新所有调用轴的位置，才能在新的 var axes = svg.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
var points = focus.append('g') // no need to add a transform, focus already has one.
.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)")
上调用它。总共我们得到：
gvar data = JSON.parse('{"success":true,"response":[{"product_date":"2019-09-01","value":{"temperature":"30.6029968261719"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-02","value":{"temperature":"30.1170043945312"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-03","value":{"temperature":"30.0830078125"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-04","value":{"temperature":"30.2479858398438"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-05","value":{"temperature":"30.9110107421875"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-06","value":{"temperature":"31.3150024414062"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-07","value":{"temperature":"31.2909851074219"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-08","value":{"temperature":"30.7149963378906"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-09","value":{"temperature":"30.010009765625"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-10","value":{"temperature":"29.7990112304688"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-11","value":{"temperature":"29.6549987792969"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-12","value":{"temperature":"30.0769958496094"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-13","value":{"temperature":"30.0830078125"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-14","value":{"temperature":"29.8619995117188"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-15","value":{"temperature":"30.0029907226562"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-16","value":{"temperature":"30.1080017089844"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-17","value":{"temperature":"30.6979980469"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-18","value":{"temperature":"30.3139953613"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-19","value":{"temperature":"30.5180053710938"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-20","value":{"temperature":"30.3720092773"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-21","value":{"temperature":"29.8710021973"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-22","value":{"temperature":"29.7460021972656"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-23","value":{"temperature":"29.5769958496"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-24","value":{"temperature":"29.1159973145"}},{"product_date":"2019-09-25","value":{"temperature":"28.908996582"}}]}');
var svg = d3.select("svg"),
margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 110, left: 40},
margin2 = {top: 430, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40},
width = +svg.attr("width") - margin.left - margin.right,
height = +svg.attr("height") - margin.top - margin.bottom,
height2 = +svg.attr("height") - margin2.top - margin2.bottom;
var parseDate = d3.timeParse("%b %Y");
var x = d3.scaleTime().range([0, width]),
x2 = d3.scaleTime().range([0, width]),
y = d3.scaleLinear().range([height, 0]),
y2 = d3.scaleLinear().range([height2, 0]);
var xAxis = d3.axisBottom(x),
xAxis2 = d3.axisBottom(x2),
yAxis = d3.axisLeft(y);
var brush = d3.brushX()
.extent([[0, 0], [width, height2]])
.on("brush end", brushed);
var zoom = d3.zoom()
.scaleExtent([1, Infinity])
.translateExtent([[0, 0], [width, height]])
.extent([[0, 0], [width, height]])
.on("zoom", zoomed);
var line1 = d3.line()
.curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
.x(function(d) { return x(d.date) })
.y(function(d) { return y(d.value) });
var line2 = d3.line()
.curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
.x(function(d) { return x2(d.date) })
.y(function(d) { return y2(d.value) });
svg.append("defs").append("clipPath")
.attr("id", "clip")
.append("rect")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height);
var focus = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "focus")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");
var axes = svg.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
var points = focus.append('g')
.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)")
var context = svg.append("g")
.attr("class", "context")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin2.left + "," + margin2.top + ")");
var div = d3.select("body").append("div")
.attr("class", "tooltip")
.style("opacity", 0);
let vdata = data.response;
// format the data
vdata.forEach((d) => {
d.date = d3.timeParse("%Y-%m-%d")(d.product_date);
d.value = +d.value.temperature;
});
x.domain(d3.extent(vdata, function(d) { return d.date; }));
y.domain([0, d3.max(vdata, function(d) { return d.value; })]);
x2.domain(x.domain());
y2.domain(y.domain());
focus.append("path")
.datum(vdata)
.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)")
.attr("class", "line")
.attr("fill", "none")
.attr("stroke", "steelblue")
.attr("stroke-width", 1.5)
.attr("d", line1);
axes.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--x")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
.call(xAxis);
axes.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--y")
.call(yAxis);
points.selectAll(".dot")
.data(vdata)
.enter().append("circle")
.attr("class", "dot")
.attr("cx", function(d, i) { return x(d.date) })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return y(d.value) })
.attr("r", 3)
.attr("pointer-events", "all")
.on("mouseover", function(d) {
div.transition()
.duration(200)
.style("opacity", .9);
div .html(parseDate(d.date) + "<br/>" + (d.value))
.style("left", (d3.event.pageX) + "px")
.style("top", (d3.event.pageY - 28) + "px");
})
.on("mouseout", function(d) {
div.transition()
.duration(500)
.style("opacity", 0);
});
points.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--y")
.call(yAxis);
context.append("path")
.datum(vdata)
.attr("class", "line")
.attr("fill", "none")
.attr("stroke", "steelblue")
.attr("stroke-width", 1.5)
.attr("d", line2);
context.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--x")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height2 + ")")
.call(xAxis2);
context.append("g")
.attr("class", "brush")
.call(brush)
.call(brush.move, x.range());
focus.append("rect")
.attr("class", "zoom")
.attr("width", width)
.attr("height", height)
.lower();
focus.call(zoom);
function brushed() {
if (d3.event.sourceEvent && d3.event.sourceEvent.type === "zoom") return; // ignore brush-by-zoom
var s = d3.event.selection || x2.range();
x.domain(s.map(x2.invert, x2));
focus.select(".line").attr("d", d3.line()
.x(function(d) { return x(d.date) })
.y(function(d) { return y(d.value) })
.curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
);
axes.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
points.selectAll('circle')
.attr("cx", function(d, i) { return x(d.date) })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return y(d.value) });
points.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
svg.select(".zoom").call(zoom.transform, d3.zoomIdentity
.scale(width / (s[1] - s[0]))
.translate(-s[0], 0));
}
function zoomed() {
if (d3.event.sourceEvent && d3.event.sourceEvent.type === "brush") return; // ignore zoom-by-brush
var t = d3.event.transform;
x.domain(t.rescaleX(x2).domain());
focus.select(".line").attr("d", d3.line()
.x(function(d) { return x(d.date) })
.y(function(d) { return y(d.value) })
.curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
);
points.selectAll('circle')
.attr("cx", function(d, i) { return x(d.date) })
.attr("cy", function(d) { return y(d.value) });
points.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
axes.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
context.select(".brush").call(brush.move, x.range().map(t.invertX, t));
}
function type(d) {
d.date = parseDate(d.date);
d.value = +d.value;
return d;
}.area {
fill: steelblue;
clip-path: url(#clip);
}
.zoom {
cursor: move;
fill: none;
pointer-events: all;
}
.dot {
fill: steelblue;
stroke: #fff;
}
div.tooltip {
position: absolute;
text-align: left;
width: 70px;
height: 28px;
padding: 3px;
font: 11px sans-serif;
background: lightsteelblue;
border: 0px;
border-radius: 3px;
pointer-events: none;
}
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