Question

我有一个格式为`foo =“的字符串是第一个”foo1 =“是第二个”foo3 =“是第三个”和许多字段如上述模式。我想解析这个并将o / p作为

foo              foo1              foo3
is a first one   is a second one   is a third one

非常感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

将输出列化是困难的部分。（我同意Noufal在这里说perl是一个很好的方法。）但是，它可以用其他更基本的工具。例如：

$ cat input
foo
is a first one
foo1
is a second one
foo3
is a third one
$ ( awk 'NR % 2' input; awk 'NR % 2 == 0' input ) | paste - - - | column -s'   ' -t
foo             foo1             foo3
is a first one  is a second one  is a third one

（请注意，列的-s参数应包含单引号之间的选项卡。）

Answer 2

awk完全可以进行字符串解析。

s='foo="is a first one" foo1="is a second one" foo3="is a third one"'
echo $s | awk 'BEGIN{
    FS="\042 "
}
{
    c=NF
    for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
        m = split($i , a, "=")
        header[i] = a[1]
        content[i]= a[2]
    }
}
END{
    for(i=1;i<=c;i++){
        printf "%s\t", header[i]
    }
    print ""
    for(i=1;i<=c;i++){
        printf "%s\t", content[i]
    }
    print ""
}
'

Answer 3

这是你想要的吗？

   sed -nr 's/" /"\n/g;s/=/\n/gp' <<END  
    > foo="is a first one" foo1="is a second one" foo3="is a third one"
    > END
    foo
    "is a first one"
    foo1
    "is a second one"
    foo3
    "is a third one"

Answer 4

从William's answer窃取使用column，这会接受OP建议的输入。它要求根据样本输入双引号：

s='foo="is a first one" foo1="is a second one" foo3="is a third one"'
echo "$s" | awk -F'"' '
  {
    for (i=1; i<=NF; i+=2) {
      sub(/^[[:space:]]*/, "", $i)
      sub(/=$/, "", $i)
      vars=vars $i "\t"
    }
    for (i=2; i<=NF; i+=2) {vals=vals $i "\t"}
  }
  END {print vars; print vals}
' | column -t -s $'\t'

输出

foo             foo1             foo3
is a first one  is a second one  is a third one

想在shell脚本中解析一个字符串

4 个答案: