我正在使用python 3.7，django 2.2.4，docker和postgresql进行项目，当我想创建超级用户时出现此错误 我做了23次（这就是id等于23的原因）。
这是我的模特：
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, username, name, password=None):
""" create and save new user"""
if not email:
raise ValueError('User must have an email address')
user = self.model(email=self.normalize_email(email),
name=name,
username=username)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, username, name, password):
"""create and save new super user"""
user = self.create_user(email, username, name, password)
user.is_staff = True
user.is_superuser = True
user.save(self._db)
return user
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
"""custom user model that using username in username field"""
email = models.EmailField(max_length=70, unique=True)
username = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
gender = models.PositiveIntegerField(validators=
[MaxValueValidator(3)],
null=True)
# 1 for men 2 for woman 0 for not mention
bio = models.TextField(null=True)
lives_in = models.CharField(max_length=70, null=True)
phone_number = models.PositiveIntegerField(validators=
[MaxValueValidator(99999999999)], null=True)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
objects = UserManager()
USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['email', 'name']
这是我的迁移代码：
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
initial = True
dependencies = [
('auth', '0011_update_proxy_permissions'),
]
operations = [
migrations.CreateModel(
name='User',
fields=[
('id', models.AutoField(auto_created=True,
primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
('password', models.CharField(max_length=128,
verbose_name='password')),
('last_login', models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True,
verbose_name='last login')),
('is_superuser', models.BooleanField(default=False,
help_text='Designates that this user has all permissions
without explicitly assigning them.', verbose_name='superuser
status')),
('email', models.EmailField(max_length=70, unique=True)),
('username', models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True)),
('name', models.CharField(max_length=50)),
('gender', models.PositiveIntegerField(null=True, validators=
[django.core.validators.MaxValueValidator(3)])),
('bio', models.TextField(null=True)),
('lives_in', models.CharField(max_length=70, null=True)),
('phone_number', models.PositiveIntegerField(null=True,
validators=
[django.core.validators.MaxValueValidator(99999999999)])),
('is_active', models.BooleanField(default=True)),
('is_staff', models.BooleanField(default=False)),
('groups', models.ManyToManyField(blank=True, help_text='The
groups this user belongs to. A user will get all permissions
granted to each of their groups.', related_name='user_set',
related_query_name='user', to='auth.Group',
verbose_name='groups')),
('user_permissions', models.ManyToManyField(blank=True,
help_text='Specific permissions for this user.',
related_name='user_set', related_query_name='user',
to='auth.Permission', verbose_name='user permissions')),
],
options={
'abstract': False,
},
),
]
这是我的管理员代码：
class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
ordering = ['id']
list_display = ['email', 'name']
list_filter = ('is_active', 'is_superuser')
fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('username', 'email', 'password')}),
(_('Personal Info'), {'fields': ('name',)}),
(
_('Permissions'),
{'fields': ('is_active', 'is_staff', 'is_superuser')}
),
(_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login',)})
)
add_fieldsets = (
(None, {
'classes': ('wide',),
'fields': ('username', 'name', 'email', 'password1',
'password2')
}),
)
admin.site.register(models.User, UserAdmin)
通过在屏幕上显示数据库编号23中的对象计数（此刻）显示在屏幕上，但是当我要创建另一个超级用户时，会发生相同的错误，并且通过在此刻再次打印对象计数显示在屏幕上的数字24中，这意味着该对象已添加到数据库，但是当我进入管理页面并输入我的用户并通过该错误时，屏幕上会显示错误，并说该用户不存在。
当我创建超级用户时，这是完全错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
psycopg2.errors.UniqueViolation: duplicate key value violates unique
constraint "core_user_pkey"
DETAIL: Key (id)=(23) already exists.
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 21, in <module>
main()
File "manage.py", line 17, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in
execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/contrib/auth/management/commands/createsuperuser.py",
line 61, in execute
return super().execute(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 364, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/contrib/auth/management/commands/createsuperuser.py",
line 156, in handle
self.UserModel._default_manager.db_manager(database).create_superuser
(**user_data)
File "/app/core/models.py", line 27, in create_superuser
user.save(self._db)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 66, in save
super().save(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py",
line 741, in save
force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py",
line 779, in save_base
force_update, using, update_fields,
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py",
line 870, in _save_table
result = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, update_pk,
raw)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py",
line 908, in _do_insert
using=using, raw=raw)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1186, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1335, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 99, in execute
return super().execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False,
executor=self._execute)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 76, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line
89, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-
packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: duplicate key value violates unique
constraint "core_user_pkey"
DETAIL: Key (id)=(23) already exists.
答案 0 :(得分：1)
在您的create_superuser方法中，对用户的保存调用缺少参数using
def create_superuser(self, email, username, name, password):
"""create and save new super user"""
user = self.create_user(email, username, name, password)
user.is_staff = True
user.is_superuser = True
user.save(using=self._db). # <- DON'T FORGET TO ADD "USING"
return user
答案 1 :(得分：0)
很可能由于错误指示超级用户已经存在，您应该删除所有超级用户并创建一个新的超级用户。如果无法访问数据库，则可以运行命令：
python manage.py flush
请注意，此命令将清除ENTIRE数据库。 然后迁移数据库：
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
然后您可以尝试再次创建超级用户
python manage.py createsuperuser