我正在开发将用户模型与OneToOneField一起使用的注册应用。
models.py
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.db import models
from django.dispatch import receiver
class UserProfile(models.Model):
GENDER_CHOICES = (
('M', 'Male'),
('F', 'Female'),
)
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
name = models.CharField('First name', max_length=30)
surname = models.CharField('Last name', max_length=150)
gender = models.CharField('Gender', max_length=1, choices=GENDER_CHOICES)
date_of_birth = models.DateField('Date of birth', null=True)
profile_image = models.ImageField('Profile image', upload_to='users_upload/profiles/%Y/%m/%d')
company_name = models.CharField('Company Name', max_length=75, blank=True, null=True)
fiscal_data = models.CharField('Fiscal data', max_length=200)
city = models.CharField('City', max_length=150)
address = models.CharField('Address', max_length=200)
postcode = models.CharField('Zip Code', max_length=50)
country = models.CharField('Country', max_length=75)
telephone_number = models.CharField('Telephone', max_length=20)
email_address = models.EmailField('Email')
class Meta:
unique_together = ['fiscal_data', 'email_address']
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
instance.userprofile.save()
forms.py
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model, password_validation
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from .models import UserProfile
class UserForm(UserCreationForm):
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('username', 'password1', 'password2')
class UserProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
fields = [
'name', 'surname', 'gender', 'date_of_birth',
'user_type', 'profile_image', 'company_name',
'address', 'postcode', 'city', 'country',
'telephone_number', 'email_address',
'fiscal_data',
]
views.py
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
from django.db import transaction
from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import UserProfileForm
from .models import UserProfile
@transaction.atomic
def createUser(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
user_form = UserCreationForm(request.POST)
profile_form = UserProfileForm(request.POST or None, request.FILES or None)
if user_form.is_valid() and profile_form.is_valid():
user = user_form.save()
user.refresh_from_db()
profile_form = UserProfileForm(request.POST, instance=user.userprofile)
profile_form.full_clean()
profile_form.save()
else:
user_form = UserCreationForm()
profile_form = UserProfileForm()
return render(request, 'usermanager/editing/create_user.html', {
'user_form': user_form,
'profile_form': profile_form
})
create_user.html
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" novalidate>{% csrf_token %}
<div class="card-body">
{{ user_form.as_p }}
{{ profile_form.as_p }}
</div>
<div class="card-footer">
<div class="row justify-content-md-center">
<div class="col-md-auto">
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-danger shadow" value="Create Profile">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
当我尝试使用表单注册新用户时,我看到以下错误消息:
唯一约束失败:usermanager_userprofile.email_address
即使我尝试使用管理面板注册新用户,也会发生这种情况。
我该如何解决?
我已经使用this策略来创建模型,对于createUser视图,我已经使用了this。
跟踪:
环境:
请求方法:POST请求URL:http://127.0.0.1:8000/create-user/
Django版本:2.2.5 Python版本:3.6.8安装的应用程序: ['django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','kernel', 'usermanager']已安装的中间件: ['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']
跟踪:
文件 “ /home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/devenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py” 在内部 34. response = get_response(request)
文件 “ /home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/devenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py” 在_get_response中 115. response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e,request)
文件 “ /home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/devenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py” 在_get_response中 113. response = wrapd_callback(request,* callback_args,** callback_kwargs)
内部文件“ /usr/lib/python3.6/contextlib.py” 52. return func(* args,** kwds)
文件 “ /home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/app_usermanager/usermanager/views.py” 在createUser中 30. profile_form.save()#妥善保存表单
文件 “ /home/max/Django/area-test/app_usermanager_dev/devenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/forms/models.py” 在保存 453.如果self.instance._state。添加了其他“ changed”,则“创建”,
异常类型:/ create-user /处的ValueError异常值:The 无法更改UserProfile,因为数据未通过验证。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
在您的UserProfile
模型中,有一个字段:
email_address = models.EmailField('Email', unique=True)
添加unique=True
时,该字段对于该模型中的所有条目都是唯一的。您可以删除该关键字参数,然后运行makemigrations并进行迁移。或者,您需要为每个UserProfile
条目输入唯一的电子邮件地址。
可能是由于第二次启动时未验证配置文件表单而发生的错误:
profile_form = UserProfileForm(request.POST, instance=user.userprofile)
profile_form.full_clean()
# before calling save, you need to call profile_form.is_valid()
profile_form.save()
TBH,我认为您应该删除帖子保存信号create_user_profile
和save_user_profile
,因为这会使createUser
方法的实现变得过于复杂。另外,如果您没有创建UserProfile
的机制,但是有一种形式可以执行此操作,那么后保存信号将非常有用,那么为什么需要一个信号呢?
如果删除这些信号,请尝试以下代码:
def createUser(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
user_form = UserCreationForm(request.POST)
profile_form = UserProfileForm(request.POST or None, request.FILES or None)
if user_form.is_valid() and profile_form.is_valid():
user = user_form.save()
profile_form = profile_form.save(commit=False)
profile_form.user = user
profile_form.save()
仅供参考,在按照pep8标准命名方法时,应使用snake_case
。因此,最好将createUser
命名为create_user
。