将Docker映像重置为初始状态

Question

我是Docker的新手，最近我尝试使用设置openstreetmap-tileserver。我通过克隆项目尝试了手动安装，然后运行docker build -t SampleMap和docker run -v openstreetmap-data:/var/lib/postgresql/10/main SampleMap import，然后运行正确的命令来运行容器。我使用docker image ls得到了三张图片：

ubuntu
none
SampleMap

一切正常。接下来，我尝试擦除数据库并为一个新映射（另一个.osm.pbf文件）完成整个过程。我删除了图像SampleMap（使用docker image rm）并尝试再次执行整个过程，但是问题是所有DB表仍然存在。似乎所有更改都写入了Ubuntu映像，而不是SampleMap。我问的是，有什么办法可以将整个Ubuntu映像重置为初始状态？似乎所有更改在Ubuntu映像中都是永久的。

这是Dockerfile：

FROM ubuntu:18.04

# Based on
# https://switch2osm.org/manually-building-a-tile-server-18-04-lts/

# Set up environment
ENV TZ=UTC
ENV AUTOVACUUM=on
ENV UPDATES=disabled
RUN ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

# Install dependencies
RUN echo "deb [ allow-insecure=yes ] http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ bionic-pgdg main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list \
  && apt-get update \
  && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates \
  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends --allow-unauthenticated \
  apache2 \
  apache2-dev \
  autoconf \
  build-essential \
  bzip2 \
  cmake \
  fonts-noto-cjk \
  fonts-noto-hinted \
  fonts-noto-unhinted \
  clang \
  gdal-bin \
  git-core \
  libagg-dev \
  libboost-all-dev \
  libbz2-dev \
  libcairo-dev \
  libcairomm-1.0-dev \
  libexpat1-dev \
  libfreetype6-dev \
  libgdal-dev \
  libgeos++-dev \
  libgeos-dev \
  libgeotiff-epsg \
  libicu-dev \
  liblua5.3-dev \
  libmapnik-dev \
  libpq-dev \
  libproj-dev \
  libprotobuf-c0-dev \
  libtiff5-dev \
  libtool \
  libxml2-dev \
  lua5.3 \
  make \
  mapnik-utils \
  nodejs \
  npm \
  postgis \
  postgresql-10 \
  postgresql-10-postgis-2.5 \
  postgresql-10-postgis-2.5-scripts \
  postgresql-contrib-10 \
  protobuf-c-compiler \
  python-mapnik \
  sudo \
  tar \
  ttf-unifont \
  unzip \
  wget \
  zlib1g-dev \
  osmosis \
  osmium-tool \
  cron \
  python3-psycopg2 python3-shapely python3-lxml \
&& apt-get clean autoclean \
&& apt-get autoremove --yes \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/{apt,dpkg,cache,log}/

# Set up renderer user
RUN adduser --disabled-password --gecos "" renderer
USER renderer

# Install latest osm2pgsql
RUN mkdir /home/renderer/src
WORKDIR /home/renderer/src
RUN git clone https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql.git
WORKDIR /home/renderer/src/osm2pgsql
RUN mkdir build
WORKDIR /home/renderer/src/osm2pgsql/build
RUN cmake .. \
  && make -j $(nproc)
USER root
RUN make install
USER renderer

# Install and test Mapnik
RUN python -c 'import mapnik'

# Install mod_tile and renderd
WORKDIR /home/renderer/src
RUN git clone -b switch2osm https://github.com/SomeoneElseOSM/mod_tile.git
WORKDIR /home/renderer/src/mod_tile
RUN ./autogen.sh \
  && ./configure \
  && make -j $(nproc)
USER root
RUN make -j $(nproc) install \
  && make -j $(nproc) install-mod_tile \
  && ldconfig
USER renderer

# Configure stylesheet
WORKDIR /home/renderer/src
RUN git clone https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto.git
WORKDIR /home/renderer/src/openstreetmap-carto
USER root
RUN npm install -g carto
USER renderer
RUN carto project.mml > mapnik.xml

# Load shapefiles
WORKDIR /home/renderer/src/openstreetmap-carto
RUN scripts/get-shapefiles.py

# Configure renderd
USER root
RUN sed -i 's/renderaccount/renderer/g' /usr/local/etc/renderd.conf \
  && sed -i 's/hot/tile/g' /usr/local/etc/renderd.conf
USER renderer

# Configure Apache
USER root
RUN mkdir /var/lib/mod_tile \
  && chown renderer /var/lib/mod_tile \
  && mkdir /var/run/renderd \
  && chown renderer /var/run/renderd
RUN echo "LoadModule tile_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_tile.so" >> /etc/apache2/conf-available/mod_tile.conf \
  && a2enconf mod_tile
COPY apache.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
COPY leaflet-demo.html /var/www/html/index.html
RUN ln -sf /proc/1/fd/1 /var/log/apache2/access.log \
  && ln -sf /proc/1/fd/2 /var/log/apache2/error.log

# Configure PosgtreSQL
COPY postgresql.custom.conf.tmpl /etc/postgresql/10/main/
RUN chown -R postgres:postgres /var/lib/postgresql \
  && chown postgres:postgres /etc/postgresql/10/main/postgresql.custom.conf.tmpl \
  && echo "\ninclude 'postgresql.custom.conf'" >> /etc/postgresql/10/main/postgresql.conf

# copy update scripts
COPY openstreetmap-tiles-update-expire /usr/bin/
RUN chmod +x /usr/bin/openstreetmap-tiles-update-expire \
    && mkdir /var/log/tiles \
    && chmod a+rw /var/log/tiles \
    && ln -s /home/renderer/src/mod_tile/osmosis-db_replag /usr/bin/osmosis-db_replag \
    && echo "*  *    * * *   renderer    openstreetmap-tiles-update-expire\n" >> /etc/crontab

# install trim_osc.py helper script
USER renderer
RUN cd ~/src \
    && git clone https://github.com/zverik/regional \
    && cd regional \
    && git checkout 612fe3e040d8bb70d2ab3b133f3b2cfc6c940520 \
    && chmod u+x ~/src/regional/trim_osc.py

# Start running
USER root
COPY run.sh /
COPY indexes.sql /
ENTRYPOINT ["/run.sh"]
CMD []

EXPOSE 80 5432

这是我的run.sh文件：

#!/bin/bash

set -x

function CreatePostgressqlConfig()
{
  cp /etc/postgresql/10/main/postgresql.custom.conf.tmpl /etc/postgresql/10/main/postgresql.custom.conf
  sudo -u postgres echo "autovacuum = $AUTOVACUUM" >> /etc/postgresql/10/main/postgresql.custom.conf
  cat /etc/postgresql/10/main/postgresql.custom.conf
}

if [ "$#" -ne 1 ]; then
    ls /home/renderer
    echo "usage: <import|run>"
    echo "commands:"
    echo "    import: Set up the database and import /data.osm.pbf"
    echo "    run: Runs Apache and renderd to serve tiles at /tile/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"
    echo "environment variables:"
    echo "    THREADS: defines number of threads used for importing / tile rendering"
    echo "    UPDATES: consecutive updates (enabled/disabled)"
    exit 1
fi

if [ "$1" = "import" ]; then
    # Initialize PostgreSQL
    CreatePostgressqlConfig
    service postgresql start
    sudo -u postgres createuser renderer
    sudo -u postgres createdb -E UTF8 -O renderer gis
    sudo -u postgres psql -d gis -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis;"
    sudo -u postgres psql -d gis -c "CREATE EXTENSION hstore;"
    sudo -u postgres psql -d gis -c "ALTER TABLE geometry_columns OWNER TO renderer;"
    sudo -u postgres psql -d gis -c "ALTER TABLE spatial_ref_sys OWNER TO renderer;"

    # Download Luxembourg as sample if no data is provided
    if [ ! -f /data.osm.pbf ]; then
        echo "WARNING: No import file at /data.osm.pbf, so importing iran-latest as example..."
        wget -nv http://download.geofabrik.de/north-america/canada-latest.osm.pbf -O /data.osm.pbf
        # wget -nv http://download.geofabrik.de/europe/luxembourg.poly -O /data.poly
    fi

    # determine and set osmosis_replication_timestamp (for consecutive updates)
    osmium fileinfo /data.osm.pbf > /var/lib/mod_tile/data.osm.pbf.info
    osmium fileinfo /data.osm.pbf | grep 'osmosis_replication_timestamp=' | cut -b35-44 > /var/lib/mod_tile/replication_timestamp.txt
    REPLICATION_TIMESTAMP=$(cat /var/lib/mod_tile/replication_timestamp.txt)

    # initial setup of osmosis workspace (for consecutive updates)
    sudo -u renderer openstreetmap-tiles-update-expire $REPLICATION_TIMESTAMP

    # copy polygon file if available
    if [ -f /data.poly ]; then
        sudo -u renderer cp /data.poly /var/lib/mod_tile/data.poly
    fi

    # Import data
    sudo -u renderer osm2pgsql -d gis --create --slim -G --hstore --tag-transform-script /home/renderer/src/openstreetmap-carto/openstreetmap-carto.lua -C 2048 --number-processes ${THREADS:-4} -S /home/renderer/src/openstreetmap-carto/openstreetmap-carto.style /data.osm.pbf

    # Create indexes
    sudo -u postgres psql -d gis -f indexes.sql

    service postgresql stop

    exit 0
fi

if [ "$1" = "run" ]; then
    # Clean /tmp
    rm -rf /tmp/*

    # Fix postgres data privileges
    chown postgres:postgres /var/lib/postgresql -R

    # Initialize PostgreSQL and Apache
    CreatePostgressqlConfig
    service postgresql start
    service apache2 restart

    # Configure renderd threads
    sed -i -E "s/num_threads=[0-9]+/num_threads=${THREADS:-4}/g" /usr/local/etc/renderd.conf

    # start cron job to trigger consecutive updates
    if [ "$UPDATES" = "enabled" ]; then
      /etc/init.d/cron start
    fi

    # Run
    sudo -u renderer renderd -f -c /usr/local/etc/renderd.conf
    service postgresql stop

    exit 0
fi

echo "invalid command"
exit 1

Answer 1

从映像创建容器时，使用-v选项安装卷： docker run -v openstreetmap-data:/var/lib/postgresql/10/main SampleMap import

您的持久数据存储在openstreetmap-data中。该文件/文件夹不在您的容器（每次创建）中，而是从主机的文件系统挂载的。这就是为什么它会持续存在