我在下面的链接中找到了与此问题类似的帖子。
How to fetch first column from given powershell array?
由于某些字段丢失并且无法执行操作，因此我无法将其直接转换为表。
Customer ID Client Name Computer Name Computer Brand Duration Connection Time Lang
123 first last 127.0.0.1 lenovo 10:00 8/18/2019 6:00 PM Eng
1 lastname 127.0.0.2 apple 2:30:00 8/18/2019 1:00 AM Chn
86 user3 127.0.0.1 dell 8/18/2019 2:00 PM
21 user4 127.0.0.4 apple 30:00 8/17/2019 1:00 PM Eng
我想首先与连接了30分钟以上的特定用户进行过滤，然后列出其ID。
更新
结果应该是
1
21
因为它们已连接30分钟以上。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
如果显示的数据确实是固定宽度文件的输出，则需要尝试获取每个字段的宽度以进行解析。这里的一个障碍是原始标头名称包含一个空格字符，我们需要用下划线替换它。
为此，您可以使用以下功能：
function ConvertFrom-FixedWith {
[CmdletBinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)]
[string[]]$Content
)
$splitter = '§¤¶' # some unlikely string: Alt-21, [char]164, Alt-20
$needQuotes = '^\s+|[",]|\s+$' # quote the fields if needed
function _FWClean ([string]$field) {
# internal helper function to clean a field value with regards to quoted fields
$field = $_.Trim() -replace '(?<!\\)\\"|""', '§DQUOTE¶'
if ($field -match '^"(.*)"$') { $field = $matches[1] }
if ($field -match $needQuotes) { $field = '"{0}"' -f $field }
return $field -replace '§DQUOTE¶', '""'
}
# try and calculate the field widths using the first header line
# this only works if none of the header names have spaces in them
# and where the headers are separated by at least one space character.
Write-Verbose "Calculating column widths using first row"
$row = ($Content[0] -replace '\s+', ' ').Trim()
$fields = @($row -split ' ' ) # | ForEach-Object { _FWClean $_ })
$ColumnBreaks = for ($i = 1; $i -lt $fields.Length; $i++) {
$Content[0].IndexOf($fields[$i])
}
$ColumnBreaks = $ColumnBreaks | Sort-Object -Descending
Write-Verbose "Splitting fields and generating output"
$Content | ForEach-Object {
if ($null -ne $_ -and $_ -match '\S') {
$line = $_
# make sure lines that are too short get padded on the right
if ($line.Length -le $ColumnBreaks[0]) { $line = $line.PadRight(($ColumnBreaks[0] + 1), ' ') }
# add the splitter string on every column break point
$ColumnBreaks | ForEach-Object {
$line = $line.Insert($_, $splitter)
}
# split on the splitter string, trim, and dedupe possible quotes
# then join using the delimiter character
@($line -split $splitter | ForEach-Object { _FWClean $_ }) -join ','
}
} | ConvertFrom-Csv # the result is an array of PSCustomObjects
}
有了该功能，就可以像这样解析文本：
$text = @"
Customer_ID Client_Name Computer_Name Computer_Brand Duration Connection_Time Lang
123 first last 127.0.0.1 lenovo 10:00 8/18/2019 6:00 PM Eng
1 lastname 127.0.0.2 apple 2:30:00 8/18/2019 1:00 AM Chn
86 user3 127.0.0.1 dell 8/18/2019 2:00 PM
21 user4 127.0.0.4 apple 30:00 8/17/2019 1:00 PM Eng
"@ -split '\r?\n'
# replace the single space characters in the header names by underscore
$text[0] = $text[0] -replace '(\w+) (\w+)', '$1_$2'
# the 'ConvertFrom-FixedWith' function takes a string array as input
$table = ConvertFrom-FixedWith -Content $text
#output on screen
$table | Format-Table -AutoSize
# export to CSV file
$table | Export-Csv -Path 'D:\test.csv' -NoTypeInformation
输出（在屏幕上）
Customer ID Client Name Computer Name Computer Brand Duration Connection Time Lang
----------- ----------- ------------- -------------- -------- --------------- ----
123 first last 127.0.0.1 lenovo 10:00 8/18/2019 6:00 PM Eng
1 lastname 127.0.0.2 apple 2:30:00 8/18/2019 1:00 AM Chn
86 user3 127.0.0.1 dell 8/18/2019 2:00 PM
21 user4 127.0.0.4 apple 30:00 8/17/2019 1:00 PM Eng
如果您输入的$ text已经是一个字符串数组，该字符串数组存储了我们在问题中看到的所有ines，则省略-split '\r?\n'
function Get-DurationInMinutes ([string]$Duration) {
$h, $m, $s = (('0:{0}' -f $Duration) -split ':' | Select-Object -Last 3)
return [int]$h * 60 + [int]$m
}
($table | Where-Object { (Get-DurationInMinutes $_.Duration) -ge 30 }).Customer_ID
这将输出
1 21
现在，我们终于知道数据来自TAB分隔的CSV文件，您就不需要ConvertFrom-FixedWith函数了。
仅使用数据来自文件来导入数据
$table = Import-Csv -Path 'D:\customers.csv' -Delimiter "`t"
或，如果它来自另一个命令的输出，则为字符串或字符串数组：
$table = $original_output | ConvertFrom-Csv -Delimiter "`t"
然后，像上面一样使用Get-DurationInMinutes帮助函数来获取已连接30分钟以上的客户ID：
function Get-DurationInMinutes ([string]$Duration) {
$h, $m, $s = (('0:{0}' -f $Duration) -split ':' | Select-Object -Last 3)
return [int]$h * 60 + [int]$m
}
($table | Where-Object { (Get-DurationInMinutes $_.Duration) -ge 30 }).'Customer ID'
答案 1 :(得分：0)
嗯。我很惊讶没有一种规范的方法可以做到这一点。基于https://www.reddit.com/r/PowerShell/comments/211ewa/how_to_convert_fixedwidth_to_pipedelimited_or/。
# 0 19 38 59 81 97 120 123
# Customer ID Client Name Computer Name Computer Brand Duration Connection Time Lang
# 123 first last 127.0.0.1 lenovo 10:00 8/18/2019 6:00 PM Eng
# 1 lastname 127.0.0.2 apple 2:30:00 8/18/2019 1:00 AM Chn
# 86 user3 127.0.0.1 dell 8/18/2019 2:00 PM
# 21 user4 127.0.0.4 apple 30:00 8/17/2019 1:00 PM Eng
$cols = 0,19,38,59,81,97,120,123 # fake extra column at the end, assumes all rows are that wide
$firstline = get-content columns.txt | select -first 1
$headers = for ($i = 0; $i -lt $cols.count - 1; $i++) {
$firstline.substring($cols[$i], $cols[$i+1]-$cols[$i]).trim()
}
# string Substring(int startIndex, int length)
$lines = Get-Content columns.txt | select -skip 1
$lines | ForEach {
$hash = [ordered]@{}
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $headers.length; $i++) {
$hash += @{$headers[$i] = $_.substring($cols[$i], $cols[$i+1]-$cols[$i]).trim()}
}
[pscustomobject]$hash
}
输出：
PS /Users/js/foo> ./columns | ft
Customer ID Client Name Computer Name Computer Brand Duration Connection Time Lan
----------- ----------- ------------- -------------- -------- --------------- ---
123 first last 127.0.0.1 lenovo 10:00 8/18/2019 6:00 PM Eng
1 lastname 127.0.0.2 apple 2:30:00 8/18/2019 1:00 AM Chn
86 user3 127.0.0.1 dell 8/18/2019 2:00 PM
21 user4 127.0.0.4 apple 30:00 8/17/2019 1:00 PM Eng
答案 2 :(得分：-1)
我认为您在这里有两个要求。我将描述一种使用通用的“ for循环”和正则表达式的方法，您可以根据自己的需要进行调整。有更好的方法（Powershell快捷方式），但是根据您要求的方式，我将假设理解是您的目标，因此，如果您具有任何编程语言的背景，那么此代码应该很好用。希望这会有所帮助！
# Here is your data formatted in an array. Missing values are just empty fields.
# You could have fewer or more fields, but I've broken up your data into nine fields
# (0-8 when counting elements in an array)
# Customer ID, FName, LName, ComputerHostName, Brand, Duration, ConnectionDate, ConnectionTime, Lang
$myarray = @(
('123', 'firstname', 'lastname', '127.0.0.1', 'lenovo', '10:00', '8/18/2019', '6:00 PM', 'Eng'),
('1', 'lastnam', '', '127.0.0.2', 'apple', '2:30:00', '8/18/2019', '1:00 AM', 'Chn'),
('86', 'user3', '', '127.0.0.1', 'dell', '04:33', '8/18/2019', '2:00 PM', ''),
('21', 'user4', '', '127.0.0.4', 'apple', '30:00', '8/17/2019', '1:00 PM', 'Eng')
)
# This is a generic for loop that prints the ComputerHostName, which is the 4th column.
# The 4th column is column #3 if counting from zero (0,1,2,3)
# I'm using a regular expression to match duration above 30 minutes with the '-match' operator
for ( $i = 0; $i -lt $myarray.Length; $i++ ) {
if ( $myarray[$i][5] -match "[3-5][0-9]:[0-9][0-9]$" ){
"$($myarray[$i][5]) - $($myarray[$i][3])"
}
}
打印结果：
2:30:00 - 127.0.0.2
30:00 - 127.0.0.4