我正在关注Metal By Example的Metal教程,并将代码转换为Swift。
我正在运行第二个示例,由于某种原因,此代码无法正常工作。
import UIKit
import Metal
import MetalKit
import simd
class MBEMetalView: UIView {
// // // // // MAIN // // // // //
var metalDevice: MTLDevice! = nil
var metalLayer: CAMetalLayer! = nil
var commandQueue: MTLCommandQueue! = nil
var vertexBuffer: MTLBuffer! = nil
var pipelineState: MTLRenderPipelineState! = nil
var displayLink: CADisplayLink! = nil
override class var layerClass : AnyClass {
return CAMetalLayer.self
}
// override func didMoveToWindow() {
// self.redraw()
// }
override func didMoveToSuperview() {
super.didMoveToSuperview()
if self.superview != nil {
self.displayLink = CADisplayLink(target: self, selector: #selector(displayLinkFired))
self.displayLink.add(to: RunLoop.main, forMode: .common)
} else {
self.displayLink.invalidate()
}
}
@objc func displayLinkFired() {
self.redraw()
}
// // // // // INIT // // // // //
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
self.prepareDeviceLayerAndQueue()
self.makeBuffers()
self.makePipeline()
}
func prepareDeviceLayerAndQueue() {
metalLayer = (self.layer as! CAMetalLayer)
metalDevice = MTLCreateSystemDefaultDevice()
metalLayer.device = metalDevice
metalLayer.pixelFormat = .bgra8Unorm
commandQueue = metalDevice.makeCommandQueue()
}
func makeBuffers() {
var vertices: [MBEVertex] = [
MBEVertex(position: vector_float4(0, 0.5, 0, 1) , color: vector_float4(1, 0, 0, 1)),
MBEVertex(position: vector_float4(-0.5, -0.5, 0, 1) , color: vector_float4(0, 1, 0, 1)),
MBEVertex(position: vector_float4(0.5, -0.5, 0, 1) , color: vector_float4(0, 0, 1, 1))
]
self.vertexBuffer = metalDevice.makeBuffer(bytes: &vertices, length: 56, options: .storageModeShared)
}
func makePipeline() {
guard let library = metalDevice.makeDefaultLibrary() else { print("COULD NOT CREATE LIBRARY") ; return }
guard let vertexFunction = library.makeFunction(name: "vertex_main") else { print("COULD NOT CREATE A VERTEX FUNCTION") ; return }
guard let fragmentFunction = library.makeFunction(name: "fragment_main") else { print("COULD NOT CREATE LIBRARY") ; return }
let pipelineDescriptor = MTLRenderPipelineDescriptor()
pipelineDescriptor.vertexFunction = vertexFunction
pipelineDescriptor.fragmentFunction = fragmentFunction
pipelineDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].pixelFormat = metalLayer.pixelFormat
pipelineState = try? metalDevice.makeRenderPipelineState(descriptor: pipelineDescriptor)
if pipelineState == nil { print("COULD NOT CREATE PIPELINE STATE") ; return }
}
// // // // // FUNCTIONS // // // // //
func redraw() {
guard let drawable = metalLayer.nextDrawable() else { print("COULD NOT CREATE A DRAWABLE") ; return }
let texture = drawable.texture
let renderPassDescriptor = MTLRenderPassDescriptor()
renderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].texture = texture
renderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].loadAction = .clear
renderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].storeAction = .store
renderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].clearColor = MTLClearColor(red: 0.1, green: 0.1, blue: 0.1, alpha: 1)
guard let commandBuffer = commandQueue.makeCommandBuffer() else { print("COULD NOT CREATE A COMMAND BUFFER") ; return }
guard let commandEncoder = commandBuffer.makeRenderCommandEncoder(descriptor: renderPassDescriptor) else { print("COULD NOT CREATE AN ENCODER") ; return }
commandEncoder.setRenderPipelineState(pipelineState)
commandEncoder.setVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer, offset: 0, index: 0)
commandEncoder.drawPrimitives(type: .triangle, vertexStart: 0, vertexCount: 3)
commandEncoder.endEncoding()
commandBuffer.present(drawable)
commandBuffer.commit()
}
// // // // // TYPES // // // // //
struct MBEVertex {
var position: vector_float4
var color: vector_float4
}
}
我非常确定着色器不是问题,因为顶点着色器仅接收顶点缓冲区并返回顶点。
片段着色器仅获取顶点着色器的输出和并返回颜色。
视图控制器是默认的-尚未触摸。
我将控制器视图的类更改为此MBEMetalView类。
我确实偶然发现了一行用顶点指针,长度和“ storageModeShared”选项创建顶点缓冲区的代码错误。
最初,我将length =设置为
MemoryLayout.size(of: vertices)
但是根据控制台消息,只有在缓冲区需要32的长度时,才创建8的长度。
我只是增加了长度,错误就消失了……
但是,三角形变形并且颜色不正确。看起来前两个顶点具有正确的位置,但第三个顶点没有。
所有颜色都不正确。有什么想法吗?
当我更改缓冲区的长度时,三角形将改变形状或从屏幕上消失。
答案 0 :(得分:0)
无需猜测缓冲区的长度。您可以将其计算为顶点数乘以每个顶点所占用的字节数:
\+
在这种情况下,结果实际上是96。
通常,这是比硬编码常量更好的方法。