我正在使用macOS Mojave（编辑：使用python3，crew-llvm默认通过brew安装）。我试图用不同的方法来安装xgboost都没有用。我正在伸出手来使它工作。
首先，我只是尝试了pip install xgboost。这给出了下面列出的一长条错误消息。
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /Users/schiefer/Documents/Code/ml/notebooks/venv2/bin/python3.7 -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base pip-egg-info
cwd: /private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/
Complete output (139 lines):
++ pwd
+ oldpath=/private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost
+ cd ./xgboost/
+ echo darwin18
+ grep -q darwin
+ LIB_XGBOOST=libxgboost.dylib
+ which g++-5
+ which g++-7
+ which g++-8
+ which clang++
/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/clang++
+ export CC=clang
+ CC=clang
+ export CXX=clang++
+ CXX=clang++
+ make clean
Makefile:31: MAKE [/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make] - checked OK
rm -f -rf build build_plugin lib bin *~ */*~ */*/*~ */*/*/*~ */*.o */*/*.o */*/*/*.o #xgboost
rm -f -rf build_tests *.gcov tests/cpp/xgboost_test
if [ -d "R-package/src" ]; then \
cd R-package/src; \
rm -f -rf rabit src include dmlc-core amalgamation *.so *.dll; \
cd /private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/xgboost; \
fi
+ make lib/libxgboost.dylib -j4
Makefile:31: MAKE [/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make] - checked OK
clang++ -DDMLC_LOG_CUSTOMIZE=1 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Iinclude -Idmlc-core/include -Irabit/include -I/include -O3 -funroll-loops -msse2 -fPIC -fopenmp -MM -MT build/logging.o src/logging.cc >build/logging.d
clang++ -DDMLC_LOG_CUSTOMIZE=1 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Iinclude -Idmlc-core/include -Irabit/include -I/include -O3 -funroll-loops -msse2 -fPIC -fopenmp -MM -MT build/learner.o src/learner.cc >build/learner.d
clang++ -DDMLC_LOG_CUSTOMIZE=1 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Iinclude -Idmlc-core/include -Irabit/include -I/include -O3 -funroll-loops -msse2 -fPIC -fopenmp -MM -MT build/c_api/c_api.o src/c_api/c_api.cc >build/c_api/c_api.d
clang++ -DDMLC_LOG_CUSTOMIZE=1 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Iinclude -Idmlc-core/include -Irabit/include -I/include -O3 -funroll-loops -msse2 -fPIC -fopenmp -MM -MT build/c_api/c_api_error.o src/c_api/c_api_error.cc >build/c_api/c_api_error.d
In file included from src/c_api/c_api.cc:3:
In file included from include/xgboost/data.h:10:
dmlc-core/include/dmlc/base.h:190:10: fatal error: 'sys/types.h' file not found
#include <sys/types.h>
^~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from src/learner.cc:7:
In file included from dmlc-core/include/dmlc/io.h:8:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/cstdio:100:
/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/stdio.h:108:15: fatal error: 'stdio.h' file not found
#include_next <stdio.h>
^~~~~~~~~
In file included from src/c_api/c_api_error.cc:6:
In file included from dmlc-core/include/dmlc/thread_local.h:9:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/mutex:191:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/__mutex_base:15:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/chrono:798:
/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/ctime:50:10: fatal error: 'time.h' file not found
#include <time.h>
^~~~~~~~
In file included from src/logging.cc:7:
In file included from rabit/include/rabit/rabit.h:13:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/string:505:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/string_view:176:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/__string:57:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/algorithm:642:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/cstring:61:
/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/string.h:61:15: fatal error: 'string.h' file not found
#include_next <string.h>
^~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.
make: *** [build/c_api/c_api_error.o] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
1 error generated.
1 error generated.
make: *** [build/logging.o] Error 1
1 error generated.
make: *** [build/c_api/c_api.o] Error 1
make: *** [build/learner.o] Error 1
+ echo -----------------------------
-----------------------------
+ echo 'Building multi-thread xgboost failed'
Building multi-thread xgboost failed
+ echo 'Start to build single-thread xgboost'
Start to build single-thread xgboost
+ make clean
Makefile:31: MAKE [/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make] - checked OK
rm -f -rf build build_plugin lib bin *~ */*~ */*/*~ */*/*/*~ */*.o */*/*.o */*/*/*.o #xgboost
rm -f -rf build_tests *.gcov tests/cpp/xgboost_test
if [ -d "R-package/src" ]; then \
cd R-package/src; \
rm -f -rf rabit src include dmlc-core amalgamation *.so *.dll; \
cd /private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/xgboost; \
fi
+ make lib/libxgboost.dylib -j4 USE_OPENMP=0
Makefile:31: MAKE [/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make] - checked OK
clang++ -DDMLC_LOG_CUSTOMIZE=1 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Iinclude -Idmlc-core/include -Irabit/include -I/include -O3 -funroll-loops -msse2 -fPIC -DDISABLE_OPENMP -MM -MT build/logging.o src/logging.cc >build/logging.d
clang++ -DDMLC_LOG_CUSTOMIZE=1 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Iinclude -Idmlc-core/include -Irabit/include -I/include -O3 -funroll-loops -msse2 -fPIC -DDISABLE_OPENMP -MM -MT build/learner.o src/learner.cc >build/learner.d
clang++ -DDMLC_LOG_CUSTOMIZE=1 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Iinclude -Idmlc-core/include -Irabit/include -I/include -O3 -funroll-loops -msse2 -fPIC -DDISABLE_OPENMP -MM -MT build/c_api/c_api_error.o src/c_api/c_api_error.cc >build/c_api/c_api_error.d
clang++ -DDMLC_LOG_CUSTOMIZE=1 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Iinclude -Idmlc-core/include -Irabit/include -I/include -O3 -funroll-loops -msse2 -fPIC -DDISABLE_OPENMP -MM -MT build/c_api/c_api.o src/c_api/c_api.cc >build/c_api/c_api.d
In file included from src/learner.cc:7:
In file included from dmlc-core/include/dmlc/io.h:8:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/cstdio:100:
/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/stdio.h:108:15: fatal error: 'stdio.h' file not found
In file included from src/c_api/c_api.cc:3:
In file included from include/xgboost/data.h:10:
dmlc-core/include/dmlc/base.h#include_next <stdio.h>
^~~~~~~~~
:190:10: fatal error: 'sys/types.h' file not found
#include <sys/types.h>
^~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from src/c_api/c_api_error.cc:6:
In file included from dmlc-core/include/dmlc/thread_local.h:9:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/mutex:191:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/__mutex_base:15:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/chrono:798:
/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/ctime:50:10: fatal error: 'time.h' file not found
#include <time.h>
^~~~~~~~
In file included from src/logging.cc:7:
In file included from rabit/include/rabit/rabit.h:13:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/string:505:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/string_view:176:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/__string:57:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/algorithm:642:
In file included from /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/cstring:61:
/usr/local/opt/llvm/bin/../include/c++/v1/string.h:61:15: fatal error: 'string.h' file not found
#include_next <string.h>
^~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.
make: *** [build/c_api/c_api_error.o] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
1 error generated.
1 error generated.
make: *** [build/c_api/c_api.o] Error 1
make: *** [build/logging.o] Error 1
1 error generated.
make: *** [build/learner.o] Error 1
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/setup.py", line 42, in <module>
LIB_PATH = libpath['find_lib_path']()
File "/private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/xgboost/libpath.py", line 48, in find_lib_path
'List of candidates:\n' + ('\n'.join(dll_path)))
XGBoostLibraryNotFound: Cannot find XGBoost Library in the candidate path, did you install compilers and run build.sh in root path?
List of candidates:
/private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/xgboost/libxgboost.dylib
/private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/xgboost/../../lib/libxgboost.dylib
/private/var/folders/97/3q6wh2bs4lg_ckcfp_x0m2140000gn/T/pip-install-usgd8g0_/xgboost/xgboost/./lib/libxgboost.dylib
/Users/schiefer/Documents/Code/ml/notebooks/venv2/bin/../xgboost/libxgboost.dylib
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.
我意识到我应该安装我所做的gcc（brew install gcc）。即使使用CC=gcc-9 CXX=g++-9 pip install xgboost指定c编译器，再次运行命令也会得到相同的结果。我无法链接gcc，因为我需要酿造的叮当声才能正常工作。
接下来，我尝试签出存储库，手动编译xgboost并安装python软件包。编译没有问题。但是，当我尝试转到xgboost/python-package并运行python setup.py develop --user时，出现以下错误块：
Install libxgboost from: ['../lib/libxgboost.dylib']
/Users/schiefer/Documents/Code/ml/notebooks/venv2/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py:481: UserWarning: The version specified ('1.0.0-SNAPSHOT') is an invalid version, this may not work as expected with newer versions of setuptools, pip, and PyPI. Please see PEP 440 for more details.
"details." % self.metadata.version
usage: setup.py [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]
or: setup.py --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]
or: setup.py --help-commands
or: setup.py cmd --help
error: option --user not recognized
因此，我尝试在虚拟环境中不使用--user选项。终于成功了，但这不是我真正追求的。
我可以采取什么步骤来使pip的安装正常进行？
答案 0 :(得分：2)
当我在MacBook中安装XGboost时，我们遇到了相同的信息，我可以通过
重新安装cmake来解决此问题。brew install cmake
答案 1 :(得分：1)
只有从源头开始的建筑才对我有用。
我在虚拟环境'p3'（python 3.7.1）中使用Apple clang版本11.0.0（clang-1100.0.33.8）在macOS Mojave 10.14.6上的步骤：
$ brew install libomp
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost
$ cd xgboost
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake ..
$ make -j4
$ source ~/.virtualenvs/p3/bin/activate
(p3) $ cd ../python-package
(p3) $ pip install -e .
(p3) $ python
Python 3.7.1 (v3.7.1:260ec2c36a, Oct 20 2018, 03:13:28)
[Clang 6.0 (clang-600.0.57)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import xgboost
>>> xgboost.__version__
'1.1.0-SNAPSHOT'
答案 2 :(得分：0)
到目前为止，在macOS上安装XGBoost的最简单的方法是使用Anaconda路径：
conda install -c conda-forge xgboost
此命令还将解析诸如 libxgboost 和 py-xgboost 之类的依赖项。
答案 3 :(得分：-1)
不幸的是，仅运行pip无效。您必须克隆git存储库，然后安装xgboost。
请参阅所附文章：
https://machinelearningmastery.com/install-xgboost-python-macos/