我有一个工作的PHP脚本,它获取经度和纬度值,然后将它们输入到MySQL查询中。我想把它做成MySQL。这是我目前的PHP代码:
if ($distance != "Any" && $customer_zip != "") { //get the great circle distance
//get the origin zip code info
$zip_sql = "SELECT * FROM zip_code WHERE zip_code = '$customer_zip'";
$result = mysql_query($zip_sql);
$row = mysql_fetch_array($result);
$origin_lat = $row['lat'];
$origin_lon = $row['lon'];
//get the range
$lat_range = $distance/69.172;
$lon_range = abs($distance/(cos($details[0]) * 69.172));
$min_lat = number_format($origin_lat - $lat_range, "4", ".", "");
$max_lat = number_format($origin_lat + $lat_range, "4", ".", "");
$min_lon = number_format($origin_lon - $lon_range, "4", ".", "");
$max_lon = number_format($origin_lon + $lon_range, "4", ".", "");
$sql .= "lat BETWEEN '$min_lat' AND '$max_lat' AND lon BETWEEN '$min_lon' AND '$max_lon' AND ";
}
有谁知道如何完全使用MySQL?我已经浏览了一下互联网,但大部分关于它的文献都令人困惑。
答案 0 :(得分:343)
来自Google Code FAQ - Creating a Store Locator with PHP, MySQL & Google Maps:
这是SQL语句,它将找到距离37,-122坐标25英里半径范围内最近的20个位置。它根据该行的纬度/经度和目标纬度/经度计算距离,然后仅询问距离值小于25的行,按距离对整个查询进行排序,并将其限制为20个结果。要按公里而不是英里搜索,请将3959替换为6371.
SELECT id, ( 3959 * acos( cos( radians(37) ) * cos( radians( lat ) )
* cos( radians( lng ) - radians(-122) ) + sin( radians(37) ) * sin(radians(lat)) ) ) AS distance
FROM markers
HAVING distance < 25
ORDER BY distance
LIMIT 0 , 20;
答案 1 :(得分:31)
$greatCircleDistance = acos( cos($latitude0) * cos($latitude1) * cos($longitude0 - $longitude1) + sin($latitude0) * sin($latitude1));
以弧度为单位的纬度和经度。
所以
SELECT
acos(
cos(radians( $latitude0 ))
* cos(radians( $latitude1 ))
* cos(radians( $longitude0 ) - radians( $longitude1 ))
+ sin(radians( $latitude0 ))
* sin(radians( $latitude1 ))
) AS greatCircleDistance
FROM yourTable;
是您的SQL查询
以Km或英里为单位获得结果,将结果乘以地球的平均半径(3959
英里,6371
公里或3440
海里)
您在示例中计算的是一个边界框。 如果您将坐标数据放在spatial enabled MySQL column中,则可以使用MySQL's build in functionality来查询数据。
SELECT
id
FROM spatialEnabledTable
WHERE
MBRWithin(ogc_point, GeomFromText('Polygon((0 0,0 3,3 3,3 0,0 0))'))
答案 2 :(得分:13)
如果将辅助字段添加到坐标表,则可以缩短查询的响应时间。
像这样:
CREATE TABLE `Coordinates` (
`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL COMMENT 'id for the object',
`type` TINYINT(4) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'type',
`sin_lat` FLOAT NOT NULL COMMENT 'sin(lat) in radians',
`cos_cos` FLOAT NOT NULL COMMENT 'cos(lat)*cos(lon) in radians',
`cos_sin` FLOAT NOT NULL COMMENT 'cos(lat)*sin(lon) in radians',
`lat` FLOAT NOT NULL COMMENT 'latitude in degrees',
`lon` FLOAT NOT NULL COMMENT 'longitude in degrees',
INDEX `lat_lon_idx` (`lat`, `lon`)
)
如果您使用的是TokuDB,那么在添加群集时,您将获得更好的性能 任何一个谓词的索引,例如,像这样:
alter table Coordinates add clustering index c_lat(lat);
alter table Coordinates add clustering index c_lon(lon);
你需要弧度的基本lat和lon以及弧度的sin(lat),弧度的cos(lat)* cos(lon)和每个点的弧度的cos(lat)* sin(lon) 。 然后你创建一个mysql函数,像这样:
CREATE FUNCTION `geodistance`(`sin_lat1` FLOAT,
`cos_cos1` FLOAT, `cos_sin1` FLOAT,
`sin_lat2` FLOAT,
`cos_cos2` FLOAT, `cos_sin2` FLOAT)
RETURNS float
LANGUAGE SQL
DETERMINISTIC
CONTAINS SQL
SQL SECURITY INVOKER
BEGIN
RETURN acos(sin_lat1*sin_lat2 + cos_cos1*cos_cos2 + cos_sin1*cos_sin2);
END
这可以为您提供距离。
不要忘记在lat / lon上添加一个索引,这样边界装箱可以帮助搜索而不是减慢速度(索引已经添加到上面的CREATE TABLE查询中)。
INDEX `lat_lon_idx` (`lat`, `lon`)
给定一个只有lat / lon坐标的旧表,你可以设置一个脚本来更新它:(php using meekrodb)
$users = DB::query('SELECT id,lat,lon FROM Old_Coordinates');
foreach ($users as $user)
{
$lat_rad = deg2rad($user['lat']);
$lon_rad = deg2rad($user['lon']);
DB::replace('Coordinates', array(
'object_id' => $user['id'],
'object_type' => 0,
'sin_lat' => sin($lat_rad),
'cos_cos' => cos($lat_rad)*cos($lon_rad),
'cos_sin' => cos($lat_rad)*sin($lon_rad),
'lat' => $user['lat'],
'lon' => $user['lon']
));
}
然后优化实际查询以仅在真正需要时进行距离计算,例如通过从内部和外部限制圆(井,椭圆)。 为此,您需要为查询本身预先计算几个指标:
// assuming the search center coordinates are $lat and $lon in degrees
// and radius in km is given in $distance
$lat_rad = deg2rad($lat);
$lon_rad = deg2rad($lon);
$R = 6371; // earth's radius, km
$distance_rad = $distance/$R;
$distance_rad_plus = $distance_rad * 1.06; // ovality error for outer bounding box
$dist_deg_lat = rad2deg($distance_rad_plus); //outer bounding box
$dist_deg_lon = rad2deg($distance_rad_plus/cos(deg2rad($lat)));
$dist_deg_lat_small = rad2deg($distance_rad/sqrt(2)); //inner bounding box
$dist_deg_lon_small = rad2deg($distance_rad/cos(deg2rad($lat))/sqrt(2));
鉴于这些准备工作,查询就像这样(php):
$neighbors = DB::query("SELECT id, type, lat, lon,
geodistance(sin_lat,cos_cos,cos_sin,%d,%d,%d) as distance
FROM Coordinates WHERE
lat BETWEEN %d AND %d AND lon BETWEEN %d AND %d
HAVING (lat BETWEEN %d AND %d AND lon BETWEEN %d AND %d) OR distance <= %d",
// center radian values: sin_lat, cos_cos, cos_sin
sin($lat_rad),cos($lat_rad)*cos($lon_rad),cos($lat_rad)*sin($lon_rad),
// min_lat, max_lat, min_lon, max_lon for the outside box
$lat-$dist_deg_lat,$lat+$dist_deg_lat,
$lon-$dist_deg_lon,$lon+$dist_deg_lon,
// min_lat, max_lat, min_lon, max_lon for the inside box
$lat-$dist_deg_lat_small,$lat+$dist_deg_lat_small,
$lon-$dist_deg_lon_small,$lon+$dist_deg_lon_small,
// distance in radians
$distance_rad);
解析上面的查询可能会说它没有使用索引,除非有足够的结果来触发这样的。当坐标表中有足够的数据时,将使用索引。 你可以加 FORCE INDEX(lat_lon_idx) 到SELECT使其使用索引而不考虑表大小,因此您可以使用EXPLAIN验证它是否正常工作。
使用上面的代码示例,您应该按距离进行对象搜索的工作和可扩展实现,并且误差最小。
答案 3 :(得分:10)
我必须详细解决这个问题,所以我会分享我的结果。这使用带有zip
和latitude
表的longitude
表。它不依赖于Google地图;相反,你可以将它改编为任何包含lat / long的表。
SELECT zip, primary_city,
latitude, longitude, distance_in_mi
FROM (
SELECT zip, primary_city, latitude, longitude,r,
(3963.17 * ACOS(COS(RADIANS(latpoint))
* COS(RADIANS(latitude))
* COS(RADIANS(longpoint) - RADIANS(longitude))
+ SIN(RADIANS(latpoint))
* SIN(RADIANS(latitude)))) AS distance_in_mi
FROM zip
JOIN (
SELECT 42.81 AS latpoint, -70.81 AS longpoint, 50.0 AS r
) AS p
WHERE latitude
BETWEEN latpoint - (r / 69)
AND latpoint + (r / 69)
AND longitude
BETWEEN longpoint - (r / (69 * COS(RADIANS(latpoint))))
AND longpoint + (r / (69 * COS(RADIANS(latpoint))))
) d
WHERE distance_in_mi <= r
ORDER BY distance_in_mi
LIMIT 30
查看该查询中间的这一行:
SELECT 42.81 AS latpoint, -70.81 AS longpoint, 50.0 AS r
这将在纬度/长点42.81 / -70.81的50.0英里内的zip
表中搜索30个最近的条目。当您将其构建到应用程序中时,您可以在此处放置自己的点和搜索半径。
如果您想以公里而不是里程数工作,请将69
更改为111.045
并在查询中将3963.17
更改为6378.10
。
这是一篇详细的文章。我希望它对某人有所帮助。 http://www.plumislandmedia.net/mysql/haversine-mysql-nearest-loc/
答案 4 :(得分:3)
我写了一个可以计算相同的程序, 但你必须在相应的表格中输入纬度和经度。
drop procedure if exists select_lattitude_longitude;
delimiter //
create procedure select_lattitude_longitude(In CityName1 varchar(20) , In CityName2 varchar(20))
begin
declare origin_lat float(10,2);
declare origin_long float(10,2);
declare dest_lat float(10,2);
declare dest_long float(10,2);
if CityName1 Not In (select Name from City_lat_lon) OR CityName2 Not In (select Name from City_lat_lon) then
select 'The Name Not Exist or Not Valid Please Check the Names given by you' as Message;
else
select lattitude into origin_lat from City_lat_lon where Name=CityName1;
select longitude into origin_long from City_lat_lon where Name=CityName1;
select lattitude into dest_lat from City_lat_lon where Name=CityName2;
select longitude into dest_long from City_lat_lon where Name=CityName2;
select origin_lat as CityName1_lattitude,
origin_long as CityName1_longitude,
dest_lat as CityName2_lattitude,
dest_long as CityName2_longitude;
SELECT 3956 * 2 * ASIN(SQRT( POWER(SIN((origin_lat - dest_lat) * pi()/180 / 2), 2) + COS(origin_lat * pi()/180) * COS(dest_lat * pi()/180) * POWER(SIN((origin_long-dest_long) * pi()/180 / 2), 2) )) * 1.609344 as Distance_In_Kms ;
end if;
end ;
//
delimiter ;
答案 5 :(得分:3)
我无法对上述答案发表评论,但要小心@Pavel Chuchuva的回答。如果两个坐标相同,则该公式不会返回结果。在这种情况下,distance为null,因此不会按原样返回该行。
我不是MySQL专家,但这似乎对我有用:
SELECT id, ( 3959 * acos( cos( radians(37) ) * cos( radians( lat ) ) * cos( radians( lng ) - radians(-122) ) + sin( radians(37) ) * sin( radians( lat ) ) ) ) AS distance
FROM markers HAVING distance < 25 OR distance IS NULL ORDER BY distance LIMIT 0 , 20;
答案 6 :(得分:2)
我认为我的javascript实现是一个很好的参考:
/*
* Check to see if the second coord is within the precision ( meters )
* of the first coord and return accordingly
*/
function checkWithinBound(coord_one, coord_two, precision) {
var distance = 3959000 * Math.acos(
Math.cos( degree_to_radian( coord_two.lat ) ) *
Math.cos( degree_to_radian( coord_one.lat ) ) *
Math.cos(
degree_to_radian( coord_one.lng ) - degree_to_radian( coord_two.lng )
) +
Math.sin( degree_to_radian( coord_two.lat ) ) *
Math.sin( degree_to_radian( coord_one.lat ) )
);
return distance <= precision;
}
/**
* Get radian from given degree
*/
function degree_to_radian(degree) {
return degree * (Math.PI / 180);
}
答案 7 :(得分:0)
在Mysql中计算距离
SELECT (6371 * acos(cos(radians(lat2)) * cos(radians(lat1) ) * cos(radians(long1) -radians(long2)) + sin(radians(lat2)) * sin(radians(lat1)))) AS distance
将计算距离值,任何人都可以根据需要申请。