我需要使用python代码从多个路由器的路由表输出中解析文本文件（我将提供一个文本文件示例）。我想要一个结构，其中标题或带有路由器名称的第一列，然后是参数（路由协议，网络，掩码，AD，nexthop，时间）。但是我不能使用路由器的名称。
这是要解析的文本文件：
..................THIS IS THE HOST IP ADDRESS...................
192.168.100.1
R1>show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
90.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 11 subnets
B 90.1.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.2.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.3.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.4.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.5.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.6.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.7.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.8.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.9.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
B 90.10.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
--More-- B 90.11.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.100.2, 15:02:50
192.168.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L 192.168.100.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1>
..................THIS IS THE HOST IP ADDRESS...................
192.168.100.2
R2>show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
90.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 11 subnets
S 90.1.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.2.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.3.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.4.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.5.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.6.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.7.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.8.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.9.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
S 90.10.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
--More-- S 90.11.0.0 is directly connected, Null0
192.168.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L 192.168.100.2/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R2>
..................THIS IS THE HOST IP ADDRESS...................
192.168.100.3
R3>show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
+ - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
192.168.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
L 192.168.100.3/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R3>
这是我得到的CSV结果：
protocol,network,mask,AD,nextHop,interface,time
B,90.1.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.2.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.3.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.4.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.5.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.6.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.7.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.8.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.9.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.10.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
B,90.11.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
C,192.168.100.0,24,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
L,192.168.100.1,32,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
S,90.1.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.2.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.3.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.4.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.5.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.6.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.7.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.8.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.9.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.10.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
S,90.11.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
C,192.168.100.0,24,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
L,192.168.100.2,32,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
C,192.168.100.0,24,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
L,192.168.100.3,32,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
C,192.168.100.0,24,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
L,192.168.100.3,32,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
我想要得到的结果：
device,protocol,network,mask,AD,nextHop,interface,time
R1,B,90.1.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.2.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.3.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.4.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.5.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.6.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.7.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.8.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.9.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.10.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,B,90.11.0.0,,[20/0],192.168.100.2,,02:47:13
R1,C,192.168.100.0,24,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
R1,L,192.168.100.1,32,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
R2,S,90.1.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.2.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.3.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.4.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.5.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.6.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.7.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.8.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.9.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.10.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,S,90.11.0.0,,,is directly connected,Null0,
R2,C,192.168.100.0,24,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
R2,L,192.168.100.2,32,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
R3,C,192.168.100.0,24,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
R3,L,192.168.100.3,32,,is directly connected,FastEthernet0/0,
这是我的代码
from collections import ChainMap
import csv
import re
regex_device = re.compile('(?P<Router>^.+)[>#]')
regex = re.compile('(?P<protocol>\S+) +'
'(?P<network>\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/?'
'(?P<mask>\d*) +'
'(?P<AD>\[\d+/\d+\]) +via +'
'(?P<nextHop>\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+)\,\ +'
'(?P<interface>\S+\d+/\d+)*'
'(?P<time>\S+)')
regex_direktly = re.compile('(?P<protocol>[L|C|S]) +'
'(?P<network>\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d\d?\d?)/?'
'(?P<mask>\d*) +'
'(?P<nextHop>.*), +'
'(?P<interface>\S+\d/\d+|.*)'
'(?P<time>\S*)')
result = []
result1 = []
with open('output_route_table.txt') as data:
for line in data:
match = regex_device.search(line)
if match:
result1.append(match.groupdict())
with open('output_route_table.txt') as data:
for line in data:
match = regex.search(line)
if match:
result.append(match.groupdict())
with open('output_route_table.txt') as data:
for line in data:
match = regex_direktly.search(line)
if match:
result.append(match.groupdict())
with open('output_route_table.csv', 'a') as f:
writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=list(result[0].keys()))
writer.writeheader()
for d in result:
writer.writerow(d)
答案 0 :(得分：0)
with open('output_route_table.txt') as data:
for line in data:
match = regex_device.search(line)
if match:
result1.append(match.groupdict())
with open('output_route_table.txt') as data:
for line in data:
match = regex.search(line)
if match:
result.append(match.groupdict())
with open('output_route_table.txt') as data:
for line in data:
match = regex_direktly.search(line)
if match:
result.append(match.groupdict())
这部分打开文件3次，第一个将路由器名称刮到一个从未使用过的列表中。您只需浏览一次文件，然后保存您看到的最后一个路由器（路由属于到目前为止提到的最后一个路由器）。
last_router = ""
with open('output_route_table.txt') as data:
for line in data:
is_router = regex_device.search(line)
if is_router:
last_router = is_router.group('Router') # get the name of the router only
is_route = regex.search(line) or regex_direktly.search(line) # gets first non-None value or None if all are None
if is_route:
result.append({'device': last_router, **is_route.groupdict()})