杰克逊·科特林-反序列化JsonNode

时间:2019-07-30 19:57:51

标签: json kotlin jackson json-deserialization jackson-modules

问题

我有一个字符串形式的JSON内容,我首先要通过Jackson进行编程遍历。然后,当我有感兴趣的节点时,我想对其进行反序列化。

我尝试过的

我已经使用mapper.readValue成功反序列化了字符串,但是现在我想在jsonNode而不是字符串上执行这样的操作。

图书馆

  • jackson-core:2.9.9
  • jackson-module-kotlin:2.9.9
  • 科特林1.3.41
  • kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.3.41

代码

package somepackage

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.KotlinModule
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.readValue
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.treeToValue

fun main() {
    val mapper = ObjectMapper().registerModule(KotlinModule())

    readValueWorksFine(mapper)
    treeToValueFails(mapper)
}

fun treeToValueFails(mapper: ObjectMapper) {
    val fullJsonContent = """
            [{
                    "product_id":123, 
                    "Comments":
                        [{
                            "comment_id": 23, 
                            "message": "Hello World!"
                        }]
            }]        
        """.trimIndent()

    // Traverse to get the node of interest
    val commentsNode: JsonNode = mapper.readTree(fullJsonContent).get(0).get("Comments")

    // Deserialize
    val comments: List<Comment> = mapper.treeToValue<List<Comment>>(commentsNode)

    // The line below fails. (I would have expected the exception to be thrown in the line above instead.
    // Exception:
    // Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: class
    // java.util.LinkedHashMap cannot be cast to class somepackage.Comment (java.util.LinkedHashMap is in module
    // java.base of loader 'bootstrap'; somepackage.Comment is in unnamed module of loader 'app')
    for (comment: Comment in comments) { // This line fails
        println(comment.comment_id)
        println(comment.message)
    }
}

fun readValueWorksFine(mapper: ObjectMapper) {
    val commentsJsonContent = """
            [{
                "comment_id": 23, 
                "message": "Hello World!"
            }]
        """.trimIndent()

    val comments1: List<Comment> = mapper.readValue<List<Comment>>(commentsJsonContent)
    for (comment in comments1) {
        println(comment)
    }
}

data class Comment(val comment_id: Long, val message: String)

异常/输出

上面的代码导致以下异常/输出:

Comment(comment_id=23, message=Hello World!)
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: class java.util.LinkedHashMap cannot be cast to class somepackage.Comment (java.util.LinkedHashMap is in module java.base of loader 'bootstrap'; somepackage.Comment is in unnamed module of loader 'app')
    at somepackage.TKt.treeToValueFails(T.kt:39)
    at somepackage.TKt.main(T.kt:13)
    at somepackage.TKt.main(T.kt)

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

问题原因

即使ObjectMapper.treeToValue是具有经过修改的泛型参数(这意味着泛型在运行时保留)的Kotlin内联扩展函数,它仍会调用Java ObjectMapper.treeToValue(TreeNode, Class<T>)方法。由于类型擦除,传递为Class<T>的值将丢失诸如List<Comment>之类的通用类型的通用类型信息。

因此treeToValue可用于:

mapper.treeToValue<Comment>(commentNode)

但不是:

mapper.treeToValue<List<Comment>>(commentsNode)

还要注意,ObjectMapper包含多个带有@SuppressWarnings批注的方法,这会导致一些问题不在编译时出现,而是在运行时出现。

解决方案1-使用convertValue()

这是最好的解决方案。它使用Kotlin扩展功能ObjectMapper.convertValue

val commentsNode = mapper.readTree(fullJsonContent).get(0).get("Comments")
val comments = mapper.convertValue<List<Comment>>(commentsNode)

解决方案2-使用ObjectReader

此解决方案不使用jackson-module-kotlin扩展功能。

val reader = mapper.readerFor(object : TypeReference<List<Comment>>() {})
val comments: List<Comment> = reader.readValue(commentsNode)

解决方案3-在地图中反序列化

由于treeToValue(Kotlin扩展函数)确实适用于非泛型类型,因此您可以首先将节点作为JsonNode的列表获取,然后将每个JsonNode映射到Comment。

但是您不能简单地返回mapper.treeToValue(it)是很麻烦的,因为这会导致类型推断编译错误。

val commentsNode = mapper.readTree(fullJsonContent).get(0).get("Comments")
val comments = commentsNode.elements().asSequence().toList().map {
    val comment: Comment = mapper.treeToValue(it)
    comment
}