我想定义一个从另一个抽象类继承的抽象类。
class DataBuffer(ABC):
def __init__(self):
self.buffered_data = {}
class IMUDataBuffer(ABC, DataBuffer):
def __init__(self):
super(IMUDataBuffer, self).__init__()
def update(self, message):
timestamp = message['ts']
x_val, y_val, z_val = message[self.message_key]
self.buffered_data[timestamp] = (x_val, y_val, z_val)
class GyroscopeDataBuffer(IMUDataBuffer):
def __init__(self):
super(GyroscopeDataBuffer, self).__init__()
self.message_key = 'gy'
class AccelerometerDataBuffer(IMUDataBuffer):
def __init__(self, message):
super(AccelerometerDataBuffer, self).__init__()
self.message_key = 'ac'
在此示例中,IMUDataBuffer应该继承DataBuffer的方法,但是它永远不会被实例化,因此应该是一个抽象类。
这是我在上面的代码中收到的错误:
TypeError: Cannot create a consistent method resolution order (MRO) for bases ABC, DataBuffer
作为一种廉价的解决方法,我可以在IMUDatabuffer中定义message_key,但这对我来说有点草率,因为IMUDataBuffer实际上不应该具有message_key属性。
class IMUDataBuffer(DataBuffer):
def __init__(self):
super(IMUDataBuffer, self).__init__()
self.message_key = None
在这里处理继承的正确方法是什么?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我建议删除IMUDataBuffer父级列表中的ABC,因为DataBuffer已经具有ABC作为父级。
ABC -> DataBuffer -> IMUDataBuffer -> Gyroscope
-> Accelerometer
代码如下:
class ABC:
pass
class DataBuffer(ABC): # <-- brings already all stuff from ABC
def __init__(self):
self.buffered_data = {}
class IMUDataBuffer(DataBuffer): # <-- ABC removed here
def __init__(self):
super(IMUDataBuffer, self).__init__()
[...]
然后错误消失。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
在这里已解决-
from abc import *
class DataBuffer(ABC):
def __init__(self):
self.buffered_data = {}
class IMUDataBuffer(DataBuffer, ABC):
def __init__(self):
super(IMUDataBuffer, self).__init__()
def update(self, message):
timestamp = message['ts']
x_val, y_val, z_val = message[self.message_key]
self.buffered_data[timestamp] = (x_val, y_val, z_val)
有关详细说明,也请参阅此- Why is this an ambiguous MRO?
答案 2 :(得分:0)
在Python中,仅继承自ABC不会阻止实例化。效果很好:
from abc import ABC
class Foo(ABC):
pass
foo = Foo()
仅当存在未实施的abstractmethod
时,实例化才会引发错误。
您的中间类不必从ABC继承,而仅从DataBuffer
继承。只要存在未实现的abstractmethod
,实例化就会失败。
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
class Foo(ABC):
@abstractmethod
def do_thing(self):
pass
class Bar(Foo):
pass
bar = Bar() # Instantiation raises TypeError because Bar does not implement do_thing
由于Bar继承自Foo,Foo是抽象类,所以Bar也是抽象类:
>>> type(Foo)
<class 'abc.ABCMeta'>
>>> type(Bar)
<class 'abc.ABCMeta'>
与其他一些随机类进行比较:
>>> class Baz:
>>> pass
>>> type(Baz)
<class 'type'>