我有一个应用程序，它可以从麦克风获取语音输入，执行语音识别，并根据识别出的提示词播放某些音乐文件。该应用程序使用Python编写，并实现了几个python模块，例如PyAudio，Playsound和Websocket-client。我正在尝试构建此应用程序的Docker映像。
我创建了一个包含以下内容的Dockerfile：
print尝试构建它时，我得到一个成功的构建响应，如下所示：
FROM ubuntu
ADD . /app
FROM python:3
ADD transcribe.py /
ADD speech.cfg /
ADD setup.cfg /
ADD setup.py /
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get --assume-yes install libasound-dev portaudio19-dev libportaudio2 libportaudiocpp0
RUN pip3 install pyaudio
RUN pip3 install websocket-client
RUN pip3 install playsound
CMD [ "python3", "./transcribe.py" ]
但是当我尝试破坏他的映像时，我遇到了很多错误，我的泊坞映像无法找到指定的驱动程序。虽然可以解决虚拟机中的类似问题，但我不确定在Docker容器中是否有解决该问题的简单方法。
ABCDEFG:random-folder User$ docker build -t storyassist .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.494MB
Step 1/13 : FROM ubuntu
---> 4c108a37151f
Step 2/13 : ADD . /app
---> e520eb6d11e8
Step 3/13 : FROM python:3
---> 42d620af35be
Step 4/13 : ADD transcribe.py /
---> 6c76aee20537
Step 5/13 : ADD speech.cfg /
---> 74c3221f2324
Step 6/13 : ADD setup.cfg /
---> 2c415c19a4fb
Step 7/13 : ADD setup.py /
---> c6382077cdcf
Step 8/13 : RUN apt-get update
---> Running in ace9adab6a44
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease [118 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease [46.8 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7897 kB]
Get:4 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease [39.1 kB]
Get:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates/main amd64 Packages [42.5 kB]
Fetched 8143 kB in 3s (2493 kB/s)
Reading package lists...
Removing intermediate container ace9adab6a44
---> d46db350b95f
Step 9/13 : RUN apt-get --assume-yes install libasound-dev portaudio19-dev libportaudio2 libportaudiocpp0
---> Running in 8d772b088b15
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
The following additional packages will be installed:
libasound2 libasound2-data libjack-dev libjack0
Suggested packages:
libasound2-plugins alsa-utils libasound2-doc jackd1 portaudio19-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libasound2 libasound2-data libasound2-dev libjack-dev libjack0 libportaudio2
libportaudiocpp0 portaudio19-dev
0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 1094 kB of archives.
After this operation, 5886 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libasound2- data all 1.1.8-1 [59.6 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libasound2 amd64 1.1.8-1 [361 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libasound2-dev amd64 1.1.8-1 [145 kB]
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libjack0 amd64 1:0.125.0-3 [109 kB]
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libjack-dev amd64 1:0.125.0-3 [227 kB]
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libportaudio2 amd64 19.6.0-1 [66.6 kB]
Get:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libportaudiocpp0 amd64 19.6.0-1 [18.8 kB]
Get:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 portaudio19- dev amd64 19.6.0-1 [108 kB]
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Fetched 1094 kB in 1s (1381 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libasound2-data.
(Reading database ... 24544 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-libasound2-data_1.1.8-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libasound2-data (1.1.8-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libasound2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../1-libasound2_1.1.8-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libasound2:amd64 (1.1.8-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libasound2-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../2-libasound2-dev_1.1.8-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libasound2-dev:amd64 (1.1.8-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libjack0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../3-libjack0_1%3a0.125.0-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libjack0:amd64 (1:0.125.0-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libjack-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../4-libjack-dev_1%3a0.125.0-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libjack-dev (1:0.125.0-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libportaudio2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../5-libportaudio2_19.6.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libportaudio2:amd64 (19.6.0-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libportaudiocpp0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../6-libportaudiocpp0_19.6.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libportaudiocpp0:amd64 (19.6.0-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package portaudio19-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../7-portaudio19-dev_19.6.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking portaudio19-dev:amd64 (19.6.0-1) ...
Setting up libasound2-data (1.1.8-1) ...
Setting up libjack0:amd64 (1:0.125.0-3) ...
Setting up libasound2:amd64 (1.1.8-1) ...
Setting up libjack-dev (1:0.125.0-3) ...
Setting up libasound2-dev:amd64 (1.1.8-1) ...
Setting up libportaudio2:amd64 (19.6.0-1) ...
Setting up libportaudiocpp0:amd64 (19.6.0-1) ...
Setting up portaudio19-dev:amd64 (19.6.0-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.28-10) ...
Removing intermediate container 8d772b088b15
---> d2bc72b4654c
Step 10/13 : RUN pip3 install pyaudio
---> Running in 654227a7b259
Collecting pyaudio
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ab/42/b4f04721c5c5bfc196ce156b3 c768998ef8c0ae3654ed29ea5020c749a6b/PyAudio-0.2.11.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: pyaudio
Building wheel for pyaudio (setup.py): started
Building wheel for pyaudio (setup.py): finished with status 'done'
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/f4/a8/a4/292214166c2917890f85b2f72a8e5f13e1ffa5 27c4200dcede
Successfully built pyaudio
Installing collected packages: pyaudio
Successfully installed pyaudio-0.2.11
Removing intermediate container 654227a7b259
---> 1336a7cbfb0f
Step 11/13 : RUN pip3 install websocket-client
---> Running in dfa7c4d9f195
Collecting websocket-client
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/29/19/44753eab1fdb50770ac696055 27e8859468f3c0fd7dc5a76dd9c4dbd7906/websocket_client-0.56.0-py2.py3- none-any.whl (200kB)
Collecting six (from websocket-client)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/73/fb/00a976f728d0d1fecfe898238 ce23f502a721c0ac0ecfedb80e0d88c64e9/six-1.12.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: six, websocket-client
Successfully installed six-1.12.0 websocket-client-0.56.0
Removing intermediate container dfa7c4d9f195
---> e82fd88cd21a
Step 12/13 : RUN pip3 install playsound
---> Running in 2f2af7ce7bdc
Collecting playsound
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f5/16/10d897b0a83fb4b05b03a63d7 a2667ab75f857f67f7062fd447dd3f49bf7/playsound-1.2.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: playsound
Successfully installed playsound-1.2.2
Removing intermediate container 2f2af7ce7bdc
---> ac6c2e571e3b
Step 13/13 : CMD [ "python3", "./transcribe.py" ]
---> Running in 11291eaff8f4
Removing intermediate container 11291eaff8f4
---> 2d8cd222b2bb
Successfully built 2d8cd222b2bb
Successfully tagged storyassist:latest
答案 0 :(得分：0)
我确信在docker run命令中缺少必需标志时会出现此问题。
将主机设备添加到容器中的所有操作。
将主机设备添加到容器(--device)
$ docker run --device=/dev/sdc:/dev/xvdc \
--device=/dev/sdd --device=/dev/zero:/dev/nulo \
-i -t \
ubuntu ls -l /dev/{xvdc,sdd,nulo}
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 2 Feb 9 16:05 /dev/xvdc
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 3 Feb 9 16:05 /dev/sdd
crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 5 Feb 9 16:05 /dev/nulo
通常有必要将设备直接暴露于容器中。的 --device选项启用该功能。例如，可以将特定的块存储设备或循环设备或音频设备添加到其他设备上。 非特权容器（不带--privileged标志），并具有 应用程序直接访问它。
默认情况下，容器将能够读取，写入和mknod这些 设备。可以使用第三个：rwm选项集来覆盖此设置 每个--device标志：
如果以上命令不起作用，则可能需要在Docker映像中添加驱动程序。
sudo apt-get install -y alsa-base alsa-utils
https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=alsa-base
docker run -it --device /dev/snd:/dev/snd py_sound
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我在ubuntu 20中解决了这个问题，使用python:3 docker image，接下来做：
在 Dockerfile 中添加
RUN apt-get install -y pulseaudio
加入 docker run 命令
--device /dev/snd \
-e PULSE_SERVER=unix:${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native \
-v ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native:${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native \
-v ~/.config/pulse/cookie:/root/.config/pulse/cookie \
-v /media/dyan/project/projects/voice/:/data/voice \
命令示例：
docker run -it --rm \
--device /dev/snd \
-e PULSE_SERVER=unix:${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native \
-v ${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native:${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/pulse/native \
-v ~/.config/pulse/cookie:/root/.config/pulse/cookie \
-v /media/dyan/project/projects/voice/:/data/voice \
--name python-speech-recognition python-speech-recognition-app