我看到错误
Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed
(unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
(The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
#0 0x7f87e934a7a9 <unknown>
当尝试在WSL（适用于Linux的Windows子系统）下，通过Capybara在Rails（5.2.3）中通过Selenium :: Chromedriver启动无头的Chrome时，该操作系统使用Ubuntu选项：headless，{{1 }}和disable-gpu（除了尝试使用选项single-process，no-sandbox，proxy-server="direct://"和disable-dev-shm-usage之外，其他所有选项均无效）。
proxy-bypass-list="*"：
Gemfile.lock我尝试了多种其他方法来实现此目的，包括允许Chromedriver尝试发现正在使用的Chrome版本（由于可能的相关原因而失败，但我不能完全确定），使用符号链接指向Chrome的Windows可执行文件（在这种情况下，它不接受必要的标志，也不会启动，我想这并不奇怪）。
如果我在命令行中使用这些标志启动它，则会得到与 GEM
remote: https://rubygems.org/
specs:
actioncable (5.2.3)
actionpack (= 5.2.3)
nio4r (~> 2.0)
websocket-driver (>= 0.6.1)
actionmailer (5.2.3)
actionpack (= 5.2.3)
actionview (= 5.2.3)
activejob (= 5.2.3)
mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
actionpack (5.2.3)
actionview (= 5.2.3)
activesupport (= 5.2.3)
rack (~> 2.0)
rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
actionview (5.2.3)
activesupport (= 5.2.3)
builder (~> 3.1)
erubi (~> 1.4)
rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.3)
activejob (5.2.3)
activesupport (= 5.2.3)
globalid (>= 0.3.6)
activemodel (5.2.3)
activesupport (= 5.2.3)
activerecord (5.2.3)
activemodel (= 5.2.3)
activesupport (= 5.2.3)
arel (>= 9.0)
activestorage (5.2.3)
actionpack (= 5.2.3)
activerecord (= 5.2.3)
marcel (~> 0.3.1)
activesupport (5.2.3)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
minitest (~> 5.1)
tzinfo (~> 1.1)
addressable (2.6.0)
public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 4.0)
arel (9.0.0)
backports (3.12.0)
bootsnap (1.4.4)
msgpack (~> 1.0)
builder (3.2.3)
byebug (11.0.1)
capybara (3.14.0)
addressable
mini_mime (>= 0.1.3)
nokogiri (~> 1.8)
rack (>= 1.6.0)
rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
regexp_parser (~> 1.2)
xpath (~> 3.2)
childprocess (1.0.1)
rake (< 13.0)
coffee-rails (5.0.0)
coffee-script (>= 2.2.0)
railties (>= 5.2.0)
coffee-script (2.4.1)
coffee-script-source
execjs
coffee-script-source (1.12.2)
concurrent-ruby (1.1.5)
crass (1.0.4)
cucumber (3.1.2)
builder (>= 2.1.2)
cucumber-core (~> 3.2.0)
cucumber-expressions (~> 6.0.1)
cucumber-wire (~> 0.0.1)
diff-lcs (~> 1.3)
gherkin (~> 5.1.0)
multi_json (>= 1.7.5, < 2.0)
multi_test (>= 0.1.2)
cucumber-core (3.2.1)
backports (>= 3.8.0)
cucumber-tag_expressions (~> 1.1.0)
gherkin (~> 5.0)
cucumber-expressions (6.0.1)
cucumber-rails (1.6.0)
capybara (>= 1.1.2, < 4)
cucumber (>= 3.0.2, < 4)
mime-types (>= 1.17, < 4)
nokogiri (~> 1.8)
railties (>= 4, < 6)
cucumber-tag_expressions (1.1.1)
cucumber-wire (0.0.1)
diff-lcs (1.3)
domain_name (0.5.20180417)
unf (>= 0.0.5, < 1.0.0)
erubi (1.8.0)
execjs (2.7.0)
ffi (1.11.1)
gherkin (5.1.0)
globalid (0.4.2)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
haml (5.1.1)
temple (>= 0.8.0)
tilt
http-cookie (1.0.3)
domain_name (~> 0.5)
i18n (1.6.0)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
jquery-rails (4.3.3)
rails-dom-testing (>= 1, < 3)
railties (>= 4.2.0)
thor (>= 0.14, < 2.0)
listen (3.1.5)
rb-fsevent (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.4)
rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.7)
ruby_dep (~> 1.2)
loofah (2.2.3)
crass (~> 1.0.2)
nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
mail (2.7.1)
mini_mime (>= 0.1.1)
marcel (0.3.3)
mimemagic (~> 0.3.2)
method_source (0.9.2)
mime-types (3.2.2)
mime-types-data (~> 3.2015)
mime-types-data (3.2019.0331)
mimemagic (0.3.3)
mini_mime (1.0.1)
mini_portile2 (2.4.0)
minitest (5.11.3)
msgpack (1.3.0)
multi_json (1.13.1)
multi_test (0.1.2)
netrc (0.11.0)
nio4r (2.3.1)
nokogiri (1.10.3)
mini_portile2 (~> 2.4.0)
public_suffix (3.0.3)
puma (3.12.1)
rack (2.0.7)
rack-test (1.1.0)
rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
rails (5.2.3)
actioncable (= 5.2.3)
actionmailer (= 5.2.3)
actionpack (= 5.2.3)
actionview (= 5.2.3)
activejob (= 5.2.3)
activemodel (= 5.2.3)
activerecord (= 5.2.3)
activestorage (= 5.2.3)
activesupport (= 5.2.3)
bundler (>= 1.3.0)
railties (= 5.2.3)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
nokogiri (>= 1.6)
rails-html-sanitizer (1.0.4)
loofah (~> 2.2, >= 2.2.2)
railties (5.2.3)
actionpack (= 5.2.3)
activesupport (= 5.2.3)
method_source
rake (>= 0.8.7)
thor (>= 0.19.0, < 2.0)
rake (12.3.2)
rb-fsevent (0.10.3)
rb-inotify (0.10.0)
ffi (~> 1.0)
regexp_parser (1.3.0)
rest-client (2.0.2)
http-cookie (>= 1.0.2, < 2.0)
mime-types (>= 1.16, < 4.0)
netrc (~> 0.8)
rspec-core (3.8.0)
rspec-support (~> 3.8.0)
rspec-expectations (3.8.2)
diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
rspec-support (~> 3.8.0)
rspec-mocks (3.8.0)
diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
rspec-support (~> 3.8.0)
rspec-rails (3.8.2)
actionpack (>= 3.0)
activesupport (>= 3.0)
railties (>= 3.0)
rspec-core (~> 3.8.0)
rspec-expectations (~> 3.8.0)
rspec-mocks (~> 3.8.0)
rspec-support (~> 3.8.0)
rspec-support (3.8.0)
ruby_dep (1.5.0)
rubyzip (1.2.3)
sassc (2.0.1)
ffi (~> 1.9)
rake
sassc-rails (2.1.0)
railties (>= 4.0.0)
sassc (>= 2.0)
sprockets (> 3.0)
sprockets-rails
tilt
selenium-webdriver (3.142.3)
childprocess (>= 0.5, < 2.0)
rubyzip (~> 1.2, >= 1.2.2)
spring (2.1.0)
spring-watcher-listen (2.0.1)
listen (>= 2.7, < 4.0)
spring (>= 1.2, < 3.0)
sprockets (3.7.2)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
rack (> 1, < 3)
sprockets-rails (3.2.1)
actionpack (>= 4.0)
activesupport (>= 4.0)
sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
temple (0.8.1)
thor (0.20.3)
thread_safe (0.3.6)
tilt (2.0.9)
turbolinks (5.2.0)
turbolinks-source (~> 5.2)
turbolinks-source (5.2.0)
tzinfo (1.2.5)
thread_safe (~> 0.1)
uglifier (4.1.20)
execjs (>= 0.3.0, < 3)
unf (0.1.4)
unf_ext
unf_ext (0.0.7.6)
webdrivers (4.1.0)
nokogiri (~> 1.6)
rubyzip (~> 1.0)
selenium-webdriver (>= 3.0, < 4.0)
websocket-driver (0.7.1)
websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
websocket-extensions (0.1.4)
xpath (3.2.0)
nokogiri (~> 1.8)
PLATFORMS
ruby
DEPENDENCIES
bootsnap (>= 1.1.0)
byebug
coffee-rails
cucumber-rails
haml
jquery-rails
listen (>= 3.0.5, < 3.2)
puma (~> 3.11)
rails (~> 5.2.2)
rest-client
rspec-rails
sassc-rails
spring
spring-watcher-listen (~> 2.0.0)
turbolinks
tzinfo-data
uglifier
webdrivers (~> 4.0)
RUBY VERSION
ruby 2.6.1p33
BUNDLED WITH
2.0.2
稍有不同的响应集，但是它们归结为google-chrome（带有The GPU process has crashed）和{{ 1}}（将--headless --no-sandbox --disable-gpu添加到该列表）。
由于我暂时停留在此开发环境中，因此很乐意接受任何建议或要求提供信息。
答案 0 :(得分：3)
我遇到了同样的问题，几个小时后我发现了问题以及解决方法：
Google从Chrome 75以来更改了必须指定chromeOptions的方式。将chromeOptions更改为goog:chromeOptions。
我将其更改为：
capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome(
'goog:chromeOptions' => { args: %w[headless disable-gpu window-size=1920,1080 no-sandbox disable-dev-shm-usage] }
)
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我花了很多时间，但是关键是@Samuel的答案和@twistezo的修改。这是我完整的解决方案：
请注意，根据@ Samuel，chromeOptions已修改为'goog：chromeOptions'。我不必在Windows中安装任何东西，但确实在Linux分区中安装了chrome。
# spec/rails_helper.rb
Capybara.register_driver :headless_chrome do |app|
capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome(
'goog:chromeOptions': { args: %w(no-sandbox headless disable-gpu window-size=1280,1024 disable-features=VizDisplayCompositor) } )
Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, browser: :chrome, desired_capabilities: capabilities)
end
然后进行相关测试：
describe 'the tests that need javascript', js: true do
before(:all) do
# Selenium::WebDriver.logger.level = :debug
Capybara.current_driver = :headless_chrome
Capybara.javascript_driver = :headless_chrome
end
after(:all) do
Capybara.use_default_driver
end
it 'is reachable with javascript enabled' do
visit root_path
expect(page.current_path).to eq(root_path)
assert page.evaluate_script('jQuery.active').zero?
end
end
更新到Google Chrome 79.0.3945.88
args: %w(headless window-size=1280,1024 no-sandbox enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess disable-features=VizDisplayCompositor)
答案 2 :(得分：0)
我发现最好的解决方案是不要从WSL无头运行，而是从Windows启动chrome。两种方式都做完之后，我强烈喜欢这个选项，因为：
chromedriver --verbose 为此：
C:\dev\chromedriver> chromedriver。它会告诉您端口
使用。您将在下一步中需要它。我的显示
Starting ChromeDriver 79.0.3945.36 (...) on port 9515 Capybara.register_driver :windows_chrome do |app|
capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome()
puts 'Current driver (windows_chrome) requires chromedriver to be launched from windows (C:\dev\chromedriver>chromedriver)'
Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app,browser: :chrome, url: 'http://localhost:9515',
desired_capabilities: capabilities)
end
#Capybara.default_driver = :windows_chrome
Capybara.javascript_driver = :windows_chrome
Capybara.default_max_wait_time = 5 # Seconds
#Selenium::WebDriver.logger.level = :debug
# Webdrivers.logger.level = :DEBUG