我正在寻找一种方法,为sprintf
或printf
使用命名参数。
示例:
sprintf(
'Last time logged in was %hours hours,
%minutes minutes, %seconds seconds ago'
,$hours,$minutes, $seconds
);
或通过vsprintf
和关联数组。
我在这里找到了一些编码示例
function sprintfn ($format, array $args = array())
http://php.net/manual/de/function.sprintf.php
在这里
function vnsprintf( $format, array $data)
http://php.net/manual/de/function.vsprintf.php
人们写自己的解决方案。
但我的问题是,是否可能有一个标准的PHP解决方案来实现这一目标,还是有另一种方式,也许是由PEAR提供的简单PHP模板,我可以通过坚持标准PHP实现这一目标?
感谢您的帮助。
答案 0 :(得分:14)
我已经为这个需求编写了一个小组件。它被称为StringTemplate。 有了它,你可以用这样的代码得到你想要的东西:
$engine = new StringTemplate\Engine;
$engine->render(
'Last time logged in was {hours} hours, {minutes} minutes, {seconds} seconds ago',
[
'hours' => '08',
'minutes' => 23,
'seconds' => 12,
]
);
//Prints "Last time logged in was 08 hours, 23 minutes, 12 seconds ago"
希望可以提供帮助。
答案 1 :(得分:12)
据我所知,printf / sprintf不接受关联数组。
但是可以printf('%1$d %1$d', 1);
总比没有好;)
答案 2 :(得分:7)
晚了聚会,但是您可以简单地使用strtr来“翻译字符或替换子字符串”
<?php
$hours = 2;
$minutes = 24;
$seconds = 35;
echo strtr(
'Last time logged in was %hours hours, %minutes minutes, %seconds seconds ago',
[
'%hours' => $hours,
'%minutes' => $minutes,
'%seconds' => $seconds
]
);
输出以下内容:
上次登录时间为2小时24分钟35秒前
答案 3 :(得分:5)
这是来自php.net
function vnsprintf( $format, array $data)
{
preg_match_all( '/ (?<!%) % ( (?: [[:alpha:]_-][[:alnum:]_-]* | ([-+])? [0-9]+ (?(2) (?:\.[0-9]+)? | \.[0-9]+ ) ) ) \$ [-+]? \'? .? -? [0-9]* (\.[0-9]+)? \w/x', $format, $match, PREG_SET_ORDER | PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
$offset = 0;
$keys = array_keys($data);
foreach( $match as &$value )
{
if ( ( $key = array_search( $value[1][0], $keys, TRUE) ) !== FALSE || ( is_numeric( $value[1][0] ) && ( $key = array_search( (int)$value[1][0], $keys, TRUE) ) !== FALSE) )
{
$len = strlen( $value[1][0]);
$format = substr_replace( $format, 1 + $key, $offset + $value[1][1], $len);
$offset -= $len - strlen( 1 + $key);
}
}
return vsprintf( $format, $data);
}
示例:
$example = array(
0 => 'first',
'second' => 'second',
'third',
4.2 => 'fourth',
'fifth',
-6.7 => 'sixth',
'seventh',
'eighth',
'9' => 'ninth',
'tenth' => 'tenth',
'-11.3' => 'eleventh',
'twelfth'
);
echo vnsprintf( '%1$s %2$s %3$s %4$s %5$s %6$s %7$s %8$s %9$s %10$s %11$s %12$s<br />', $example); // acts like vsprintf
echo vnsprintf( '%+0$s %second$s %+1$s %+4$s %+5$s %-6.5$s %+6$s %+7$s %+9$s %tenth$s %-11.3$s %+10$s<br />', $example);
示例2:
$examples = array(
2.8=>'positiveFloat', // key = 2 , 1st value
-3=>'negativeInteger', // key = -3 , 2nd value
'my_name'=>'someString' // key = my_name , 3rd value
);
echo vsprintf( "%%my_name\$s = '%my_name\$s'\n", $examples); // [unsupported]
echo vnsprintf( "%%my_name\$s = '%my_name\$s'\n", $examples); // output : "someString"
echo vsprintf( "%%2.5\$s = '%2.5\$s'\n", $examples); // [unsupported]
echo vnsprintf( "%%2.5\$s = '%2.5\$s'\n", $examples); // output : "positiveFloat"
echo vsprintf( "%%+2.5\$s = '%+2.5\$s'\n", $examples); // [unsupported]
echo vnsprintf( "%%+2.5\$s = '%+2.5\$s'\n", $examples); // output : "positiveFloat"
echo vsprintf( "%%-3.2\$s = '%-3.2\$s'\n", $examples); // [unsupported]
echo vnsprintf( "%%-3.2\$s = '%-3.2\$s'\n", $examples); // output : "negativeInteger"
echo vsprintf( "%%2\$s = '%2\$s'\n", $examples); // output : "negativeInteger"
echo vnsprintf( "%%2\$s = '%2\$s'\n", $examples); // output : [= vsprintf]
echo vsprintf( "%%+2\$s = '%+2\$s'\n", $examples); // [unsupported]
echo vnsprintf( "%%+2\$s = '%+2\$s'\n", $examples); // output : "positiveFloat"
echo vsprintf( "%%-3\$s = '%-3\$s'\n", $examples); // [unsupported]
echo vnsprintf( "%%-3\$s = '%-3\$s'\n", $examples); // output : "negativeInteger"
答案 4 :(得分:5)
我知道这已经解决了太久了,但也许我的解决方案很简单,但对其他人有用。
使用这个小功能,您可以模仿简单的模板系统:
function parse_html($html, $args) {
foreach($args as $key => $val) $html = str_replace("#[$key]", $val, $html);
return $html;
}
像这样使用:
$html = '<h1>Hello, #[name]</h1>';
$args = array('name' => 'John Appleseed';
echo parse_html($html,$args);
这将输出:
<h1>Hello, John Appleseed</h1>
也许不适合所有人和每一个案例,但它救了我。
答案 5 :(得分:3)
这就是我正在使用的:
$arr = ['a' => 'happy','b' => 'funny'];
$templ = "I m a [a] and [b] person";
$r = array_walk($arr,function($i,$k) use(&$templ){
$templ = str_replace("[$k]",$i,$templ);
} );
var_dump($templ);
答案 6 :(得分:2)
这真是去imho的最佳方式。没有神秘的人物,只需使用密钥名称!
取自php网站: http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.vsprintf.php
function dsprintf() {
$data = func_get_args(); // get all the arguments
$string = array_shift($data); // the string is the first one
if (is_array(func_get_arg(1))) { // if the second one is an array, use that
$data = func_get_arg(1);
}
$used_keys = array();
// get the matches, and feed them to our function
$string = preg_replace('/\%\((.*?)\)(.)/e',
'dsprintfMatch(\'$1\',\'$2\',\$data,$used_keys)',$string);
$data = array_diff_key($data,$used_keys); // diff the data with the used_keys
return vsprintf($string,$data); // yeah!
}
function dsprintfMatch($m1,$m2,&$data,&$used_keys) {
if (isset($data[$m1])) { // if the key is there
$str = $data[$m1];
$used_keys[$m1] = $m1; // dont unset it, it can be used multiple times
return sprintf("%".$m2,$str); // sprintf the string, so %s, or %d works like it should
} else {
return "%".$m2; // else, return a regular %s, or %d or whatever is used
}
}
$str = <<<HITHERE
Hello, %(firstName)s, I know your favorite PDA is the %(pda)s. You must have bought %(amount)s
HITHERE;
$dataArray = array(
'pda' => 'Newton 2100',
'firstName' => 'Steve',
'amount' => '200'
);
echo dsprintf($str, $dataArray);
// Hello, Steve, I know your favorite PDA is the Newton 2100. You must have bought 200
答案 7 :(得分:1)
由于use
关键字而导致5.3:
此功能支持格式化{{var}}或{{dict.key}},您可以将{{}}
更改为{}
等,以符合您的需求。
function formatString($str, $data) {
return preg_replace_callback('#{{(\w+?)(\.(\w+?))?}}#', function($m) use ($data){
return count($m) === 2 ? $data[$m[1]] : $data[$m[1]][$m[3]];
}, $str);
}
示例:强>
$str = "This is {{name}}, I am {{age}} years old, I have a cat called {{pets.cat}}.";
$dict = [
'name' => 'Jim',
'age' => 20,
'pets' => ['cat' => 'huang', 'dog' => 'bai']
];
echo formatString($str, $dict);
<强>输出:强>
这是吉姆,我今年20岁,我有一只叫黄的猫。
答案 8 :(得分:-1)
足够简单
<?php
//sprintf with place holders
function printPh($string,Array $params){
$tok = strtok($string,':');
$msg = '';
while($tok !== false){
$msg .= array_key_exists($tok,$params) ? $params[$tok] : $tok;
$tok = strtok(':');
}
return $msg;
}
echo spfwph('<p>:ph1: :ph2:</p>',['ph1'=>'placerholder 1','ph2'=>'placeholder 2']);
答案 9 :(得分:-1)
您将要避免在自定义函数中使用%,因为它会干扰其他实现,例如SQL中的日期格式,所以...
function replace(string $string, iterable $replacements): string
{
return str_replace(
array_map(
function($k) {
return sprintf("{%s}", $k);
},
array_keys($replacements)
),
array_values($replacements),
$string
);
}
$string1 = 'Mary had a little {0}. Its {1} was white as {2}.';
echo replace($string1, ['lamb', 'fleece', 'snow']);
$string2 = 'Mary had a little {animal}. Its {coat} was white as {color}.';
echo replace($string2, ['animal' => 'lamb', 'coat' => 'fleece', 'color' => 'snow']);
$ string1:玛丽有一只小羊羔。它的羊毛像雪一样洁白。
$ string2:玛丽有一只小羊羔。它的羊毛像雪一样洁白。