所以我有聊天室，也有消息。然后，我有两个网址：/ messages和/ rooms。这些显示您的所有房间和消息。还可以将消息分配给房间。因此，在Room API中，我已将消息分配给该房间。
让我们说这个房间叫“ Room1”，消息是“嘿”，“哟”和“废话”。如果我只请求/ messages，我将收到所有消息。假设只有两条消息分配给“ Room1”，另一条消息分配给另一个未命名的房间。
我想要一种获取请求的方法，并且只获取分配给“ Room1 id = 3”的这两个消息（localhost：8000 / rooms / 3 / messages），而不是：（localhost：8000 / messages）。 / p>
这是当我向/ rooms / 3 /
发出获取请求的示例new = df + dd如果我做rooms / 3 / messages，这就是我想要得到的答复：
{
"id": 3,
"name": "Room 1",
"members": [
{
"id": 1,
"username": "william"
},
{
"id": 2,
"username": "eric"
},
{
"id": 3,
"username": "ryan"
}
],
"messages": [
{
"id": 7,
"content": "hej",
"date": "2019-07-08",
"sender": {
"id": 1,
"username": "william"
}
},
{
"id": 8,
"content": "yoyo",
"date": "2019-07-08",
"sender": {
"id": 2,
"username": "eric"
}
},
{
"id": 9,
"content": "tjo bror",
"date": "2019-07-08",
"sender": {
"id": 3,
"username": "ryan"
}
},
{
"id": 10,
"content": "hej jag heter Eric och jag gar pa polhemskolan i lund och jag ar 17 ar gammal",
"date": "2019-07-08",
"sender": {
"id": 2,
"username": "eric"
}
},
{
"id": 11,
"content": "vi vet hahah",
"date": "2019-07-09",
"sender": {
"id": 1,
"username": "william"
}
},
{
"id": 12,
"content": "amen sluta",
"date": "2019-07-09",
"sender": {
"id": 2,
"username": "eric"
}
}
]
}
Django模型：
"messages": [
{
"id": 7,
"content": "hej",
"date": "2019-07-08",
"sender": {
"id": 1,
"username": "william"
}
},
{
"id": 8,
"content": "yoyo",
"date": "2019-07-08",
"sender": {
"id": 2,
"username": "eric"
}
},
{
"id": 9,
"content": "tjo bror",
"date": "2019-07-08",
"sender": {
"id": 3,
"username": "ryan"
}
},
{
"id": 10,
"content": "hej jag heter Eric och jag gar pa polhemskolan i lund och jag ar 17 ar gammal",
"date": "2019-07-08",
"sender": {
"id": 2,
"username": "eric"
}
},
{
"id": 11,
"content": "vi vet hahah",
"date": "2019-07-09",
"sender": {
"id": 1,
"username": "william"
}
},
{
"id": 12,
"content": "amen sluta",
"date": "2019-07-09",
"sender": {
"id": 2,
"username": "eric"
}
}
]
}
Django序列化器：
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'All Users'
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_data(sender, update_fields, created, instance, **kwargs):
if created:
user = instance
profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=user)
class Message(models.Model):
sender = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="sendermessage")
content = models.CharField(max_length=500)
date = models.DateField(default=date.today)
canview = models.ManyToManyField(UserProfile, blank=True, related_name="messagecanview")
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'Messages'
def __str__(self):
return "{sender}".format(sender=self.sender)
class Room(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
members = models.ManyToManyField(UserProfile, blank=True)
messages = models.ManyToManyField(Message, blank=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'Rooms'
def __str__(self):
return "{name}".format(name=self.name)enter code here
Django视图：
class UserProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
username = serializers.CharField(source='user.username')
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
fields = ('id', 'username')
class MessageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
sender = UserProfileSerializer()
class Meta:
model = Message
fields = ('id', 'content', 'date', 'sender')
class RoomSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
messages = MessageSerializer(many=True)
members = UserProfileSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = Room
fields = ('id', 'name', 'members', 'messages')
Django Urls：
class UserProfileView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'delete', 'patch']
queryset = UserProfile.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserProfileSerializer
class MessageView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'delete', 'patch']
queryset = Message.objects.all()
serializer_class = MessageSerializer
class UserMessageView(MessageView):
def get_queryset(self):
return Message.objects.filter(canview__user=self.request.user)
class RoomView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'delete', 'patch']
queryset = Room.objects.all()
serializer_class = RoomSerializer
class UserRoomView(RoomView):
def get_queryset(self):
return Room.objects.filter(members__user=self.request.user)
答案 0 :(得分：1)
要将所有Messages分配到一个房间，让我们：
pip install django-filter
Room模型以指定related_name：class Room(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
members = models.ManyToManyField(UserProfile, blank=True)
messages = models.ManyToManyField(Message, blank=True, related_name='rooms')
# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
rooms相关字段启用过滤：import django_filters
import rest_framework.filters
[...]
class MessageView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
# vvvvvvvvvvv I don't think this line is needed vvvvvvvvvvvvvv
# http_method_names = ['get', 'post', 'put', 'delete', 'patch']
queryset = Message.objects.all()
serializer_class = MessageSerialize
filter_backends = (
django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend,
rest_framework.filters.OrderingFilter,
)
filter_fields = ['rooms']
然后，您可以使用GET向该房间请求所有消息，以：
localhost:8000/messages/?rooms=3
您还需要公开Message对象的sender字段。当前它是别名：
class MessageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
# vvvv vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
sender_obj = UserProfileSerializer(source='sender', read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Message
fields = ('id', 'content', 'date', 'sender', 'sender_obj')
# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
然后您可以POST到/message并使用数据{"content": "blah", "date": "2019-07-09","sender": 1}