您好，例如，我不了解django CBV的原理，我想创建一个匿名投票系统，并且想确保例如用户只能投票一次，并且我希望也加密投票并进行一些操作在场上。另外，我想知道如何将创建的对象连接到用户，从而允许它仅更改这些对象（选择）
我的模特
#model
from datetime import datetime
from django.http import Http404
from django.db import models, connection
from django.db.models import Q
from dzstudent import settings
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
User = get_user_model()
class VotingNotAllowedException(Exception):
pass
class Election(models.Model):
"""
Represents elections. which can be composed of one or more ballots.
Voting only allowed between vote_start and vote_end dates.
"""
userElec = models.ForeignKey(
User, related_name="election", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=False, unique=True,
help_text="Used to uniquely identify elections. Will be shown " +
"with ' Election' appended to it on all publicly-visible pages.")
introduction = models.TextField(blank=True,
help_text="This is printed at the top of the voting page below " +
"the header. Enter the text as HTML.")
vote_start = models.DateTimeField(help_text="Start of voting")
vote_end = models.DateTimeField(help_text="End of voting")
def __str__(self):
return self.name
def voting_allowed_for_user(self, user):
"""
Returns True if not is between vote_start and vote_end, inclusive,
and given user is in allowed_voters and user hasn't already voted.
"""
return (self.voting_allowed() and not self.has_voted(user))
def voting_allowed(self):
"""
Returns True if now is between vote_start and vote_end, inclusive.
"""
return self.vote_start <= datetime.now() <= self.vote_end
def create_vote(self, user):
"""
Checks that the given account can vote in this election, and if so,
creates and returns a Vote object.
"""
if not self.voting_allowed_for_user(user):
msg = 'The account %s is not allowed to vote in this election.'
raise VotingNotAllowedException(msg % unicode(user))
return self.votes.create(account=user, election=self)
def has_voted(self, account):
""" Returns True if given account has voted for this election """
return self.votes.filter(account=account).count() != 0
@staticmethod
def get_latest_or_404():
"""
Similar to the get_object_or_404() function, except returns the
latest Election instead.
"""
try:
return Election.objects.latest()
except Election.DoesNotExist:
raise Http404("No elections have been entered yet.")
class Meta:
ordering = ['vote_start']
get_latest_by = "vote_start"
class Vote(models.Model):
"""
Vote associates individual candidate selections with an account and
an election.
"""
TYPES = (
("P", "yes"),
("C", "No"),
("N", "Neutre"),
)
vote = models.ForeignKey(
Election, related_name="votes", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
type_vote = models.CharField(max_length=2, blank=False, choices=TYPES,
default="P")
secretKey = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=False, unique=False,)
def __unicode__(self):
return unicode(self.account) + " - " + unicode(self.election)
我的观点
from django.views.generic import ListView
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView, UpdateView, DeleteView
from django.urls import reverse_lazy
from .models import Election
class ElectionsList(ListView):
model = Election
template_name = 'index2.html'
class ElectionsCreate(CreateView):
model = Election
fields = ['name', 'introduction', 'vote_start', 'vote_end']
template_name = 'create_election.html'
success_url = reverse_lazy('vote: movies_list')
class ElectionsUpdate(UpdateView):
model = Election
fields = ['name', 'introduction', 'vote_start', 'vote_end']
template_name = 'edit_election.html'
success_url = reverse_lazy('vote: movies_list')
class ElectionsDelete(DeleteView):
model = Election
template_name = 'delete_election.html'
success_url = reverse_lazy('vote: movies_list')