我在Flask-Sqlalchemy中创建了两个模型。这些模型是Tickets
和Namespace
。两种型号均通过外键连接。我还创建了棉花糖-sqlalchemy ModelSchema
定义以用于RESTful API。
class Ticket(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
namespace = db.Column(
db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('namespace.id'), nullable=False)
title = db.Column(db.String)
description = db.Column(db.Text)
status = db.Column(db.String)
severity = db.Column(db.String)
class TicketSchema(ma.ModelSchema):
class Meta:
model = Ticket
include_fk = True
class Namespace(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
name = db.Column(db.String)
class NamespaceSchema(ma.ModelSchema):
class Meta:
model = Namespace
在我看来,我试图通过给定的 namespace 过滤所有票证。这是我的查询:
@app.route("/<string:name>", methods=["GET"])
def get_tickets_by_namespace(name):
tickets_query = Ticket.query.join(Namespace).filter(Namespace.name == name)
result = TicketSchema(many=True).dump(tickets_query).data
return jsonify({"tickets": result})
如何在加入和过滤两个模型的同时从name
模型访问Namespace
属性?
当我使用/aa
输入上述URL时,我只得到namespace_id
,我还要查看名称空间的名称:
{
"tickets": [
{
"description": "xcv",
"id": 1,
"namespace": 1,
"severity": "xcvbn",
"status": "xcvb",
"title": "xc"
},
{
"description": "xcv",
"id": 3,
"namespace": 1,
"severity": "xcvbnb",
"status": "axcvb",
"title": "axcb"
},
{
"description": "xcv",
"id": 4,
"namespace": 1,
"severity": "bnb",
"status": "axcvb",
"title": "aaaxcb"
}
]
}
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您想给模型一个relationship,而不是使用include_fk
:
class Ticket(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
namespace_id = db.Column(
'namespace',
db.Integer,
db.ForeignKey('namespace.id'),
nullable=False
)
namespace = db.relationship("Namespace", backref="tickets")
title = db.Column(db.String)
description = db.Column(db.Text)
status = db.Column(db.String)
severity = db.Column(db.String)
关系会自动包含在内,但它们的默认字段仍然仅序列化外键。
请确保仅在所有SQLAlchemy模型加载后 定义棉花糖-sqlalchemy模型,因为创建模型将触发运行映射配置(其中的字符串表达式,例如"Namespace"
字符串db.relationship()
呼叫)已解决。您必须先创建Ticket
模型,才能创建Namespace
模型的棉花糖模型。
接下来,use a Nested()
field插入您想要的Namespace
属性:
class TicketSchema(ma.ModelSchema):
class Meta:
model = Ticket
# don't include 'tickets' when including a namespace schema.
# you can also put this on the NestedSchema model.
namespace = ma.Nested("NamespaceSchema", exclude=("tickets",))
在上面的示例中,需要使用exclude=("tickets",)
参数来避免tickets
对象上的Namespace
关系也反映在生成的JSON中(它仅包含外键,棉花糖意识到它已经序列化了票)。您还可以将exclude
添加到NamespaceSchema
模型Meta
中,但是全部使用该模式将排除tickets
字段。>
进行上述更改后,您的路线将输出:
{
"tickets": [
{
"description": "xcv",
"id": 1,
"namespace": {
"id": 1,
"name": "aa"
},
"severity": "xcvbn",
"status": "xcvb",
"title": "xc"
},
{
"description": "xcv",
"id": 3,
"namespace": {
"id": 1,
"name": "aa"
},
"severity": "xcvbnb",
"status": "axcvb",
"title": "axcb"
},
{
"description": "xcv",
"id": 4,
"namespace": {
"id": 1,
"name": "aa"
},
"severity": "bnb",
"status": "axcvb",
"title": "aaaxcb"
}
]
}