Question

我是python的新手，正在为课程学习最终项目。我很难让程序在输入文件中搜索整个给定列表list1并将正返回结果写入输出文件。我已经尝试过许多类似re.search的事情，使用不同的循环制作函数，但问题总是相同的。它只会搜索list1[0]中的内容。我不知道如何使它遍及整个列表。任何帮助将不胜感激，因为我确信这是我不熟悉或完全缺少的简单事物。

预期结果：程序将搜索列表中的单词（准确，但不区分大小写），它将找到的行复制到新的输出文件中，然后移至列表中的下一个单词，直到列表完成。

当前它只是将单词从列表中的第一个位置复制到文件中，并且无法继续前进。我不确定是否要复制整行，因为该行只是单词。

# Ask user for needed keywords or symbols
user_keywords = input("What keywords or special symbols would you like to search the provided file for?\n"
                      "Please separate each entry with a comma.\nIf you would like to just search for question marks,"
                      " please just type n.\n")
# Holding list, using comma as a way to separate the given words and symbols
list1 = list(user_keywords.split(','))
# Print list for user to see
print("You have entered the following keywords and/or special symbols: ", list1)

# Opens a new file for saving the results to.
print("Please list the path you would like the new file to save to. Example: C:\ Users \ NAME \Desktop\File name.")
outFileName = input()
outFile = open(outFileName,'w')


def filter_lines_by_keywords(lines_to_filter, key_words):
    key_words_s = set(key_words)
    return filter(lambda l: set(l.split()) & key_words_s, lines_to_filter)

# Opens the file under review.
with open(path1,'r+') as file1:
    file1lines = file1.readlines()

    res = filter_lines_by_keywords(lines_to_filter= file1lines, key_words= list1)
    outFile.write(str(list(res)))

outFile.close()

如果我遗漏了代码中需要的任何内容，请告诉我，我想我已经全部包含了。我已经检查过类似的主题，但是找不到，但是如果存在，请告诉我。

先谢谢了。

Answer 1

您可以使用上下文管理器同时打开两个文件，并使用any运算符对输入的关键字进行测试，从而简化操作。

user_keywords = input("What keywords or special symbols would you like to search the provided file for?\n"
                      "Please separate each entry with a comma.\nIf you would like to just search for question marks,"
                      " please just type n.\n")

#string.split() already return a list so you dont have to turn it into a list again
list1 = [s.lower() for s in user_keywords.split(",")] #to achieve case insensitive

print("You have entered the following keywords and/or special symbols: ", list1)

print("Please list the path you would like the new file to save to. Example: C:\ Users \ NAME \Desktop\File name.")
outFileName  = input()

with open(path1, "r") as f, open(outFileName ,"w") as w:
    f = f.readlines()
    for line in f:
        if any(s in line.lower() for s in keywords): #test against all the items in keywords; return True if there is a hit
            w.write(line)

Answer 2

您可以尝试使用发电机

# Ask user for needed keywords or symbols
user_keywords = input("What keywords or special symbols would you like to search the provided file for?\n"
                      "Please separate each entry with a comma.\nIf you would like to just search for question marks,"
                      " please just type n.\n")
# Holding list, using comma as a way to separate the given words and symbols
list1 = list(user_keywords.split(','))
# Print list for user to see
print("You have entered the following keywords and/or special symbols: ", list1)

# Opens a new file for saving the results to.
print("Please list the path you would like the new file to save to. Example: C:\ Users \ NAME \Desktop\File name.")
outFileName = input()
outFile = open(outFileName,'w')

added_lines = []


def filter_lines_by_keywords(lines_to_filter, key_words):
    global added_lines
    for line in lines_to_filter:
        input_words = line.rstrip().lower().split(' ')
        for word in key_words:
            if word.lower() in input_words and line not in added_lines:
                added_lines.append(line)
                yield line


# Opens the file under review.
with open(path1,'r+') as file1:
    file1lines = file1.readlines()

    res = filter_lines_by_keywords(lines_to_filter= file1lines, key_words= list1)
    for i in res:
        outFile.write(str(i))

outFile.close()

如果您不想匹配标点符号，则也必须将其删除。

Python如何将列表的值与文件进行比较，然后将值保存到新文件中？

2 个答案: