mypy:为动态字典中的特定键定义类型

时间:2019-06-20 00:13:04

标签: python python-3.x mypy

我有以下字典代表一个人,该人可能是许多变体之一。这里只是一些:

person = {"name": "Johnny"}
person = {"name": "Johnny", "age": 25}
person = {"name": "Johnny", "age": 25, "active": True}

我正在提取某些键,并使用它们来打印语句。问题出现在类型提示中,当我在脚本上运行mypy时,出现错误提示Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "object", variable has type "Optional[str]")

name: Optional[str] = person.get("name")  # mypy error here
age: Optional[int] = person.get("age")    # mypy error here
if name and age:
    print(f"In 5 years, {name} will be {age + 5} years old")

要解决这个问题,mypy_extensions.TypedDict类型似乎很有希望,但是看来我不能缺少或多余的钥匙:

from mypy_extensions import TypedDict
PersonDict = TypedDict("PersonDict", {"name": str, "age": int})

# ERROR: Key 'age' missing for TypedDict "PersonDict"
person: PersonDict = {"name": "Johnny"}

# ERROR: Extra key 'active' for TypedDict "PersonDict"
person: PersonDict = {"name": "Johnny", "age": 25, "active": True}

即使字典中的键是动态的,是否仍要为字典中的特定键定义类型?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

在您的TypedDict中添加total=False将允许丢失键:

PersonDict = TypedDict("PersonDict", {"name": str, "age": int}, total=False)

https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/more_types.html#totality

似乎不允许在模式中没有其他键。