伙计们,我遇到了一个for循环问题,我找不到在线解决方案。
让我们说我创建了两个类,一个用于人,一个用于动物。通过为动物类设置一个循环方法,以遍历“人民”年龄列表,我希望找到每个具有相同年龄或至少最小年龄差距的宠物的所有者(此示例只是为了使代码看起来更简单) )。我使用min()
函数来查找年龄差距最小的人,并且工作正常。
但是,如果我在选择过程中又添加了一个条件怎么办?例如,我只想将动物分配给那些拥有少于3只宠物的人,这意味着即使一个人的年龄差距最小,但如果它已经拥有3只宠物,则不能将其分配给该人。在这种情况下,循环将不得不寻找年龄差距最小的下一个拥有少于3只宠物的人。在我的情况下,必须将A1分配给P1,因为年龄差距最小的人拥有少于3只宠物。
到目前为止,这是我的代码:
class People:
def __init__(self, name, age, pets_owned):
self.name=name
self.age=age
self.pets_owned=pets_owned
P1=People("John",16, 1)
P2=People("Alex",10, 4)
P3=People("Anna", 20, 3)
People_List=[P1, P2, P3]
People_Age=[P1.age, P2.age, P3.age]
class Animal:
def __init__(self, name, age, owner):
self.name=name
self.age=age
self.owner=owner
def find(self):
closest_age = (min(People_Age, key=lambda x: abs(x - self.age)))
for a in People_List:
if a.age ==closest_age and a.pets_owned<3:
self.owner=a.name
a.pets_owned+=1
break
elif a.age==closest_age and a.pets_owned >=3:
pass #this is where I`m stuck
print(self.owner)
A1=Animal("Snoopy",7,"not_owned_yet")
A1.find()
答案 0 :(得分:1)
如果您知道由于条件而不会包括某些人员,那么我将预先过滤传入列表以排除这些人员。基本上,根本不用使用for循环,只需过滤列表,找到最小值,然后添加宠物即可。
0.866
答案 1 :(得分:0)
通过使排序键返回一个元组,可以基于多个属性进行排序。在我的示例中,首先我们根据年龄差距(较高的优先级)进行排序,然后根据拥有的宠物数量(较低的优先级)进行排序。您不需要像我一样使用sorted
,因为我仅使用它来演示如何基于多个属性进行排序。您可能要使用具有相同密钥的min
来获得最合适的人。您还需要修改assign_new_owner
,以实际分配新所有者,而不是(使用min
)而不是打印人员:
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age, pets_owned):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.pets_owned = pets_owned
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.name}, age {self.age} owns {self.pets_owned} pet(s)."
class Animal:
def __init__(self, name, age, owner=None):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.owner = owner
def assign_new_owner(self, people):
sorted_people = sorted(people, key=lambda p: (abs(p.age - self.age), p.pets_owned))
for person in sorted_people:
print(person)
def main():
people = [
Person("Alex", 16, 0),
Person("Nigel", 15, 2),
Person("Fred", 10, 3),
Person("Tom", 10, 0),
Person("Tyler", 15, 0),
Person("Sam", 15, 1)
]
animal = Animal("Snoopy", 10)
animal.assign_new_owner(people)
return 0
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
sys.exit(main())
输出:
Tom, age 10 owns 0 pet(s).
Fred, age 10 owns 3 pet(s).
Tyler, age 15 owns 0 pet(s).
Sam, age 15 owns 1 pet(s).
Nigel, age 15 owns 2 pet(s).
Alex, age 16 owns 0 pet(s).
编辑:使用min后,代码可能看起来像这样:
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age, pets_owned):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.pets_owned = pets_owned
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.name}, age {self.age} owns {self.pets_owned} pet(s)."
class Animal:
def __init__(self, name, age, owner=None):
self.name = name
self.age = age
self.owner = owner
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.name}, age {self.age} is owned by {self.owner.name if self.owner else 'no one'}."
def assign_new_owner(self, people):
self.owner = min(people, key=lambda p: (abs(p.age - self.age), p.pets_owned))
def main():
people = [
Person("Alex", 16, 0),
Person("Nigel", 15, 2),
Person("Fred", 10, 3),
Person("Tom", 10, 0),
Person("Tyler", 15, 0),
Person("Sam", 15, 1)
]
animal = Animal("Snoopy", 10)
print(animal)
animal.assign_new_owner(people)
print(animal)
return 0
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
sys.exit(main())
输出:
Snoopy, age 10 is owned by no one.
Snoopy, age 10 is owned by Tom.