Question

多年以来，我已经在几乎所有项目中都使用了python request框架，而且还没有遇到这样的问题。

据我所知，这仅发生在网站 www.pagedna.com 上。要重现的代码示例非常简单

import requests
requests.get("https://www.pagedna.com")

Chrome / Firefox浏览器可以打开该网站，没问题，但是上面的代码段为我提供了通用的SSL失败异常

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "inline.py", line 2, in <module>
    requests.get("https://www.pagedna.com")
  File "/home/rishi/workspace/misc/venvs/mc3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 75, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "/home/rishi/workspace/misc/venvs/mc3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 60, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "/home/rishi/workspace/misc/venvs/mc3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 533, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/home/rishi/workspace/misc/venvs/mc3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 646, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/home/rishi/workspace/misc/venvs/mc3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 514, in send
    raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='www.pagedna.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by SSLError(SSLError("bad handshake: Error([('SSL routines', 'tls_process_server_certificate', 'certificate verify failed')],)",),))

如果我使用servername参数，OpenSSL将为我提供正确的信息

openssl s_client -showcerts -servername www.pagedna.com -connect www.pagedna.com:443

CONNECTED(00000003)
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/OU=Domain Control Validated/CN=*.pagedna.com
   i:/C=US/ST=Arizona/L=Scottsdale/O=GoDaddy.com, Inc./OU=http://certs.godaddy.com/repository//CN=Go Daddy Secure Certificate Authority - G2
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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etc...

但是，如果缺少-servername选项，它将为我提供不同的证书，我怀疑这是这里的问题。

相关的pip安装如下

pyOpenSSL==19.0.0
requests==2.21.0
requests-toolbelt==0.8.0

使用 python3.4

这是一个请求框架错误吗？我应该打开错误报告还是遗漏某些东西？

Answer 1

...但是上面的代码段给了我通用的SSL失败异常...
 ...'tls_process_server_certificate', 'certificate verify failed')],)",),))

实际上，这不是一般的SSL故障。显然失败，因为它无法验证证书。原因不是SNI与非SNI，因为默认情况下长时间在请求中使用SNI。

原因是服务器配置错误。来自SSLLabs report：

此服务器的证书链不完整。等级上限为B。

Chrome / Firefox浏览器打开此网站，没问题...

桌面浏览器通常可以成功解决这种常见的错误配置，例如，通过缓存其他连接的中间证书，并使用这些证书来填充证书链中丢失的部分。但是，例如，如果尝试使用带有新配置文件的Firefox，则会遇到相同的SSL问题。

python请求特定SNI证书的“证书验证失败”

1 个答案: