我为大学做了一个功课。我的作业是使用fork创建项目,并使用流水线技术通过子进程和父进程传递数据。好吧,我们需要创建两个管道。第一个管道发送一个txt文件,你将在那里写入“Ps -A”的结果,第二个管道将返回pids及其优先级。 proffessor说我们应该使用动态数组,通过结构我们应该将pids数组和ppids数组传递回child.Child在屏幕上打印两个数组。我遇到的问题是孩子填充阵列都很好,但是当我把它们发送给父亲时,父亲不是简单地从结构中读取数组并且不在屏幕上打印任何东西:(你能帮助我吗?
struct dyna {
int *pids;
int *ppids;
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
int child_id;
int pipe_pc[2],pipe_cp[2];
int result_pc,result_cp;
int lines1,i;
if (argc!=2)//elegxos gia to an ta arguments pou edwse o xristis einai arxeio1 arxeio2 {
fprintf(stderr,"Lathos arithmos orismaton.To swsto einai %s filename.txtn",argv[0]);
exit(1);
} else {
result_pc=pipe(pipe_pc);
if (result_pc==-1) exit(-1);
result_cp=pipe(pipe_cp);
if (result_cp==-1) exit(-1);
struct dyna dyn;
child_id=fork();
if (child_id==-1) exit(-1);
//child
if (child_id==0){
char child_read_msg[buff];
close(pipe_pc[1]);
memset(child_read_msg,0,buff);
read(pipe_pc[0],child_read_msg, buff);
printf("nchild process:child read from father: %sn",child_read_msg);
char child_write_msg[buff]="lol",lines[buff]="lines.txt",* pch,**grammes;
FILE *pFile1,*pFile2;
long lSize1,lSize2;
char *buffer1,*command,*buffer2;
size_t file1str,file2str;
command = (char*)malloc(strlen("wc -l >")+strlen(child_read_msg)+strlen(lines));
sprintf(command,"ps -A> %s",child_read_msg);
system(command);
//vazoume ta periexomena tou processes.txt se enan buffer
pFile1 = fopen ( child_read_msg, "rb" );
fseek (pFile1, 0 , SEEK_END);
lSize1 = ftell (pFile1);
rewind (pFile1);
buffer1 = (char*) malloc (sizeof(char)*lSize1);
if (buffer1 == NULL) {fputs ("Memory error",stderr); }
file1str = fread (buffer1,1,lSize1,pFile1);
if (file1str != lSize1) {fputs ("Reading error",stderr); }
fclose(pFile1);
//vriskoume ton arithmon grammon tou arxeiou
sprintf(command,"wc -l %s>%s",child_read_msg,lines);
system(command);
pFile2 = fopen ( lines, "rb" );
fseek (pFile2, 0 , SEEK_END);
lSize2 = ftell (pFile2);
rewind (pFile2);
buffer2 = (char*) malloc (sizeof(char)*lSize1);
if (buffer2 == NULL) {fputs ("Memory error",stderr); }
file2str = fread (buffer2,1,lSize2,pFile2);
if (file2str != lSize2) {fputs ("Reading error",stderr); }
fclose(pFile2);
sscanf(buffer2,"%d",&lines1); //lines1= arithmos grammon tou processes.txt
sprintf(command,"rm -r %s",lines);
system(command);
free(buffer2);
i=0;
dyn.pids=(int *)calloc(sizeof(int),lines1); //desmeuei mnimi dinamika gia ton proto pinaka tis struct pou periexei ta pid
pch = strtok (buffer1,"n");
while (pch != NULL){
sscanf(pch,"%d",&dyn.pids[i]);
pch = strtok (NULL, "n");
i++;
}
dyn.ppids=(int *)calloc(sizeof(int),lines1);
for (i=1;i<lines1;i++) /*Gemizei ton pinaka kai vazei tis proteraiotites tis kathe diergasias */ {
dyn.ppids[i]=getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS,dyn.pids[i]);
}
//for (i=1;i<lines1;i++){
//printf("%dn",dyn.ppids[i]);
//}
close(pipe_cp[0]);
write(pipe_cp[1], &dyn,sizeof(dyn));
}
//parent
else {
close(pipe_pc[0]);
write(pipe_pc[1], argv[1],strlen(argv[1]));
printf("nparent process: father wrote to child: %sn",argv[1]);
wait(NULL);
close(pipe_cp[1]);//kleinoume to write-end, o pateras mono diabazei apo to pipe_cp
read(pipe_cp[0],&dyn,sizeof(dyn));//parent diabazei ayto poy exei grapsei to paidi
//prints the array with the priorities of the processes
for (i=1;i<lines1;i++){
printf("%dn",dyn.ppids[i]);
}
}
return 0;
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:3)
write(pipe_cp[1], &dyn,sizeof(dyn))
只是从结构中传输两个指针,而不是它们引用的实际数据。这些指针所包含的地址在父进程中没有意义,因为它有一个单独的地址空间。取消引用它们将导致未定义的行为,很可能是一个分段错误。
如果希望代码以这种方式工作,则需要将结构的成员声明为固定大小的 arrays ,而不是指针。通过这样做,结构本质上变成了一个容纳两个数组的容器。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
有一个很好的库用于序列化C结构和名为tpl的数组。我已经使用了很长一段时间,我对此非常满意。
您可能需要查看它,看看他们是如何做到的。
网站上使用文件的示例(不限于文件,应该可以处理任何可以传递消息的内容):
/* Storing ids and usernames */
#include <tpl.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
tpl_node *tn;
int id=0;
char *name, *names[] = { "joe", "bob", "cary" };
tn = tpl_map("A(is)", &id, &name);
for(name=names[0]; id < 3; name=names[++id]) {
tpl_pack(tn,1);
}
tpl_dump(tn, TPL_FILE, "users.tpl");
tpl_free(tn);
}
相反:
/* Reloading ids and usernames */
#include <tpl.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
tpl_node *tn;
int id;
char *name;
tn = tpl_map("A(is)", &id, &name);
tpl_load(tn, TPL_FILE, "users.tpl");
while ( tpl_unpack(tn,1) > 0 ) {
printf("id %d, user %s\n", id, name);
free(name);
}
tpl_free(tn);
}
另一种选择是在ASN.1中进行编码和解码,而不是自己编码。另外,您可能会因以下标准而获得褐色分数。