Question

我在一个文件夹中有一组.xls文件。我希望在关闭文件时使用VBA从这些.xls中提取值。

Answer 1

如果您熟悉SQL，则可以对Excel文件运行查询以获取数据。它比打开Excel文件快得多，但是excel文件中的数据需要像SQL表一样井井有条。这是一个例子。 Write SQL query on excel tables

Answer 2

Import data from a closed workbook (ADO)

如果要从封闭的工作簿中导入大量数据，则可以使用ADO和下面的宏来完成。如果要从已关闭工作簿中的第一个工作表之外的其他工作表中检索数据，则必须引用用户定义的命名范围。下面的宏可以这样使用（在Excel 2000或更高版本中）： GetDataFromClosedWorkbook“ C：\ FolderName \ WorkbookName.xls”，“ A1：B21”，ActiveCell，False GetDataFromClosedWorkbook“ C：\ FolderName \ WorkbookName.xls”，“ MyDataRange”，范围（“ B3”），真

Sub GetDataFromClosedWorkbook(SourceFile As String, SourceRange As String, _
    TargetRange As Range, IncludeFieldNames As Boolean)
' requires a reference to the Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects library
' if SourceRange is a range reference:
'   this will return data from the first worksheet in SourceFile
' if SourceRange is a defined name reference:
'   this will return data from any worksheet in SourceFile
' SourceRange must include the range headers
'
Dim dbConnection As ADODB.Connection, rs As ADODB.Recordset
Dim dbConnectionString As String
Dim TargetCell As Range, i As Integer
    dbConnectionString = "DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};" & _
        "ReadOnly=1;DBQ=" & SourceFile
    Set dbConnection = New ADODB.Connection
    On Error GoTo InvalidInput
    dbConnection.Open dbConnectionString ' open the database connection
    Set rs = dbConnection.Execute("[" & SourceRange & "]")
    Set TargetCell = TargetRange.Cells(1, 1)
    If IncludeFieldNames Then
        For i = 0 To rs.Fields.Count - 1
            TargetCell.Offset(0, i).Formula = rs.Fields(i).Name
        Next i
        Set TargetCell = TargetCell.Offset(1, 0)
    End If
    TargetCell.CopyFromRecordset rs
    rs.Close
    dbConnection.Close ' close the database connection
    Set TargetCell = Nothing
    Set rs = Nothing
    Set dbConnection = Nothing
    On Error GoTo 0
    Exit Sub
InvalidInput:
    MsgBox "The source file or source range is invalid!", _
        vbExclamation, "Get data from closed workbook"
End Sub

另一种不使用CopyFromRecordSet方法的方法

使用下面的宏，您可以执行导入，并更好地控制从RecordSet返回的结果。

Sub TestReadDataFromWorkbook()
' fills data from a closed workbook in at the active cell
Dim tArray As Variant, r As Long, c As Long
    tArray = ReadDataFromWorkbook("C:\FolderName\SourceWbName.xls", "A1:B21")
    ' without using the transpose function
    For r = LBound(tArray, 2) To UBound(tArray, 2)
        For c = LBound(tArray, 1) To UBound(tArray, 1)
            ActiveCell.Offset(r, c).Formula = tArray(c, r)
        Next c
    Next r
    ' using the transpose function (has limitations)
'    tArray = Application.WorksheetFunction.Transpose(tArray)
'    For r = LBound(tArray, 1) To UBound(tArray, 1)
'        For c = LBound(tArray, 2) To UBound(tArray, 2)
'            ActiveCell.Offset(r - 1, c - 1).Formula = tArray(r, c)
'        Next c
'    Next r
End Sub

Private Function ReadDataFromWorkbook(SourceFile As String, SourceRange As String) As Variant
' requires a reference to the Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects library
' if SourceRange is a range reference:
'   this function can only return data from the first worksheet in SourceFile
' if SourceRange is a defined name reference:
'   this function can return data from any worksheet in SourceFile
' SourceRange must include the range headers
' examples:
' varRecordSetData = ReadDataFromWorkbook("C:\FolderName\SourceWbName.xls", "A1:A21")
' varRecordSetData = ReadDataFromWorkbook("C:\FolderName\SourceWbName.xls", "A1:B21")
' varRecordSetData = ReadDataFromWorkbook("C:\FolderName\SourceWbName.xls", "DefinedRangeName")
Dim dbConnection As ADODB.Connection, rs As ADODB.Recordset
Dim dbConnectionString As String
    dbConnectionString = "DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};ReadOnly=1;DBQ=" & SourceFile
    Set dbConnection = New ADODB.Connection
    On Error GoTo InvalidInput
    dbConnection.Open dbConnectionString ' open the database connection
    Set rs = dbConnection.Execute("[" & SourceRange & "]")
    On Error GoTo 0
    ReadDataFromWorkbook = rs.GetRows ' returns a two dim array with all records in rs
    rs.Close
    dbConnection.Close ' close the database connection
    Set rs = Nothing
    Set dbConnection = Nothing
    On Error GoTo 0
    Exit Function
InvalidInput:
    MsgBox "The source file or source range is invalid!", vbExclamation, "Get data from closed workbook"
    Set rs = Nothing
    Set dbConnection = Nothing
End Function

http://www.erlandsendata.no/english/index.php?d=envbadacimportwbado

＆

https://www.rondebruin.nl/win/s3/win024.htm

如何使用VBA阅读封闭的Excel？

2 个答案: