Question

如果某个属性属于另一个类，如何获取vars函数以返回class的属性？

示例：

class User:
    def __init__(self, first_name, last_name):
        self.first_name = first_name
        self.last_name = last_name
        self.geo = GeoInformation()


class GeoInformation:
    def __init__(self, city="", state="", zipcode="", country=""):
        self.city = city
        self.state = state
        self.zipcode = zipcode
        self.country = country


user = User("John", "Smith")
user.geo.city = "SomeCity"
user.geo.state = "SomeState"
user.geo.zipcode = "SomeZipcode"
user.geo.country = "SomeCountry"

print(vars(user))

我得到的输出：

{'first_name': 'John', 'last_name': 'Smith', 'geo': <class '__main__.GeoInformation'>}

我期望的输出：

{'first_name': 'John', 'last_name': 'Smith', 'geo': {'city':'someCity', 'state':'someState', 'zipcode':'someZipcode', 'country':'someCountry'}}

如果这不是我要实现的目标的正确方法，请提出更好的方法。

Answer 1

这是一个递归运行vars并返回结果的函数：

def recursive_vars(obj):
    dct = vars(obj)
    for k, v in dct.items():
        if hasattr(obj, __dict__):  # check if we can go further recursively
            dct[k] = recursive_vars(v)
    return dct

现在，应该使用该类产生的任何值vars()替换作为类的任何值，依此类推。

Answer 2

您可以在GeoInformation类中定义一个__repr__方法，该方法本身会调用var，因此当您调用print(vars(user))时，它还会在您的geo属性中打印出数据

class User:
    def __init__(self, first_name, last_name,city, state, zipcode, country):
        self.first_name = first_name
        self.last_name = last_name
        self.geo = GeoInformation(city, state, zipcode, country)

class GeoInformation:
    def __init__(self, city="", state="", zipcode="", country=""):
        self.city = city
        self.state = state
        self.zipcode = zipcode
        self.country = country
    def __repr__(self):
        return str(vars(self))


user = User("John", "Smith","SomeCity","SomeState","SomeZipcode","SomeCountry")


print(vars(user))

输出：

{'first_name': 'John', 'last_name': 'Smith', 'geo': {'city': 'SomeCity', 'state': 'SomeState', 'zipcode': 'SomeZipcode', 'country': 'SomeCountry'}}

在python中正确使用vars函数

2 个答案: