React Hooks和TypeScript Fetching API:对象可能为“ null”

时间:2019-06-07 11:22:23

标签: reactjs typescript api react-hooks

我正在做一个关于React Hooks和获取数据的教程。这是我用来获取客户并将其映射到列表中的组件:

const useFetch = (url: string) => {
  const [customers, setCustomers] = useState<null | []>(null);
  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);

  // Similiar to componentDidMount() and componentDidUpdate()
  useEffect(() => {
    const fetchData = async () => {
      const result = await axios(url);
      setCustomers(result.data);
      setLoading(false);
    };
    fetchData();
  });

  return { customers, loading };
};

const url = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users';

export const LatestCustomers: React.FC<Props> = ({
  description
}: Props): JSX.Element => {
  const { customers, loading } = useFetch(url);

  return (
    <Container>
      {loading ? (
        <div>...Loading...</div>
      ) : (
        <tr>
          {customers.map(customer => (
            <div key="user.id">{customer.name}</div>
          ))}
        </tr>
      )}
    </Container>
  );
};

有了这个,我得到了错误:

Object is possibly 'null'.  TS2531

    108 |               ) : (
    109 |                 <tr>
  > 110 |                   {customers.map(customer => (
        |                    ^
    111 |                     <div key="user.id">{customer.name}</div>
    112 |                   ))}
    113 |                 </tr>

我该如何解决?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

由于提供给useState的类型为null | [],因此customers被赋予了该类型签名。

有两种方法可以解决此问题。我的建议是从一个空数组开始:

const [customers, setCustomers] = useState<[]>([]);

或者,如果您希望保留可选类型,则应首先检查customers不是null

{customers && customers.map(customer => ( ...

或者,如果您确实确定将始终对其进行定义,则可以使用TypeScript non-null assertio n !运算符:

{customers!.map(customer => (

答案 1 :(得分:1)

处理可为空值的可靠解决方案可以是在fp-ts和fromNullable中使用Option

https://github.com/gcanti/fp-ts/blob/master/src/Option.ts

示例:

{fromNullable(customers).map(x=> {...})}

有趣的文章: https://davetayls.me/blog/2018/05/20/fp-ts-01-working-with-nullable-values

其他更直接的方法:

{customers && customers.map(x => ( ...