问题

Question

问题

老实说，我只是把这个开枪了，因为在问这个之前我已经尽了一切可能。我不确定这是什么问题。

我有一个Django应用程序，可以很好地在本地运行。我可以运行迁移。我在本地对此进行了详尽的开发，而在模型，测试或任何功能方面都没有一个单一的问题。

这里的问题是第二次我使用GitLab的CI / CD Runner并执行与在本地执行的完全相同的步骤，我得到了此输出。

ERRORS:
piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_course: (fields.E300) Field defines a relation with model 'piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledCourse', which is either not installed, or is abstract.
piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_course: (fields.E307) The field piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_course was declared with a lazy reference to 'piano_gym_api.learnerenrolledcourse', but app 'piano_gym_api' doesn't provide model 'learnerenrolledcourse'.
piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_school: (fields.E300) Field defines a relation with model 'piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledSchool', which is either not installed, or is abstract.
piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_school: (fields.E307) The field piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_school was declared with a lazy reference to 'piano_gym_api.learnerenrolledschool', but app 'piano_gym_api' doesn't provide model 'learnerenrolledschool'.

环境

我在Django 2.2中使用Python 3.7。我的依赖项如下所示：

certifi==2019.3.9
chardet==3.0.4
coreapi==2.3.3
coreschema==0.0.4
Django==2.2
django-cors-headers==3.0.2
django-extensions==2.1.7
djangorestframework==3.9.4
djangorestframework-jwt==1.11.0
gunicorn==19.9.0
idna==2.8
itypes==1.1.0
Jinja2==2.10.1
lxml==4.3.3
MarkupSafe==1.1.1
music21==5.5.0
PyJWT==1.7.1
pytz==2019.1
requests==2.22.0
six==1.12.0
sqlparse==0.3.0
uritemplate==3.0.0
urllib3==1.25.3
whitenoise==4.1.2

我正在使用GitLab的免费版本GitLab Runner。

这是一个简单的Django项目。有一个项目和一个应用程序。

我的settings.conf的INSTALLED_APPS看起来像这样

# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # Django Default
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    # Third-Party Apps
    "corsheaders",
    "django_extensions",
    "rest_framework",
    "rest_framework.authtoken",
    "whitenoise.runserver_nostatic",
    # Custom Apps
    "piano_gym_api",
]

在本地运行的步骤

这将通过

pip3 install virtualenv
virtualenv -p python3 venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip3 install -r requirements.txt
python3 manage.py makemigrations piano_gym_api
python3 manage.py migrate
python3 manage.py test

在GitLab CI / CD中运行的步骤

这将失败

我已经安装了GitLab Runner

我在根目录中创建了一个.gitlab-ci.yml文件。它的全部是这样：

stages:
  - test

api-test:
  stage: test
  image: python:3.7
  script:
    - cd piano_gym_back_end
    # Create environment for python
    - pip3 install virtualenv
    - virtualenv -p python3 venv
    - source venv/bin/activate
    - pip3 install -r requirements.txt
    # Set up and run tests
    - python3 manage.py makemigrations piano_gym_api
    - python3 manage.py migrate
    - python3 manage.py test

然后我将所有内容提交到分支并运行 gitlab-runner exec docker api-test

然后遍历所有内容并输出

$ python3 manage.py makemigrations piano_gym_api
SystemCheckError: System check identified some issues:

ERRORS:
piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_course: (fields.E300) Field defines a relation with model 'piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledCourse', which is either not installed, or is abstract.
piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_course: (fields.E307) The field piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_course was declared with a lazy reference to 'piano_gym_api.learnerenrolledcourse', but app 'piano_gym_api' doesn't provide model 'learnerenrolledcourse'.
piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_school: (fields.E300) Field defines a relation with model 'piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledSchool', which is either not installed, or is abstract.
piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_school: (fields.E307) The field piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledLesson.enrolled_school was declared with a lazy reference to 'piano_gym_api.learnerenrolledschool', but app 'piano_gym_api' doesn't provide model 'learnerenrolledschool'.
ERROR: Job failed: exit code 1
FATAL: exit code 1

模型

现在，我了解到这表明它无法在应用piano_gym_api中找到模型。但这没有道理。

这里的模型是：

class LearnerEnrolledLesson(Model):
    is_enrolled = BooleanField(default=True)
    learner = ForeignKey("piano_gym_api.Learner", on_delete=CASCADE)
    # ---
    enrolled_school = ForeignKey("piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledSchool", on_delete=CASCADE)
    enrolled_course = ForeignKey("piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledCourse", on_delete=CASCADE)
    # ---
    school = ForeignKey(School, on_delete=CASCADE)
    course = ForeignKey(SchoolCourse, on_delete=CASCADE)
    lesson = ForeignKey(SchoolLesson, on_delete=CASCADE)
    order = IntegerField(default=1)

    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ["learner", "school", "course", "lesson", "enrolled_school", "enrolled_course"]

    objects = LearnerEnrolledLessonManager()

    class Meta:
        ordering = ("order",)
        unique_together = ("learner", "school", "course", "lesson", "enrolled_school", "enrolled_course", "order")

我在这里唯一要做的就是使用字符串来引用piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledSchool和piano_gym_api.LearnerEnrolledCourse。

之所以这样做，是因为这些模型具有返回LearnerEnrolledLesson的函数并且是循环依赖项，因此我必须引用这些模型而不使用导入路径。

寻求帮助

我不知道为什么在我的CI / CD泊坞环境中这会失败。我没有做任何不同的事情。我的settings.py在开发环境和ci / cd环境之间没有变化。而且，步骤完全相同。

我在这里可能做错了什么？

Answer 1

我找到了解决这个问题的方法，这非常微妙。

首先，我要感谢Python Discord Channel中一个叫Mark ♦的人。由于他们的努力与我一起坐下来，并逐步完成了我所做的工作，我们得以诊断出这一点。

这里的问题很微妙，因为在sqlite3中没有问题。但是，当我迁移到postgresql时出现了问题。

具体的问题是我没有这样做，所以我的模型可用。

Django要求模型存在于路径中

django_project_name/django_app_name/models.py

或

django_project_name/django_app_name/models/

我的目录结构实际上是这样的

├── requirements.txt
├── manage.py
├── django_app_name
│   ├── models
│   │   └── __init__.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   └── versions
│       ├── __init__.py
│       └── v1
│           ├── __init__.py
│           ├── models
│           │   ├── __init__.py
│           │   └── ...
│           └── views
│               ├── __init__.py
│               └── ...
└── django_project_name
    └── ...

这里的问题是，为了创建版本化的目录结构，我将模型移至django_project_name/django_app_name/versions/v1/

由于这个Django无法找到模型，因为我没有通过Django应用程序中期望的models.py文件或models目录明确地使它们可用。

这就是为什么我会得到一个错误，即尽管存在特定模型，但Django仍然找不到。

要修复此解决方案，我必须通过将其引用导出到django_project_name/django_app_name/models/__init__.py文件中来显式公开它们。

看起来像这样：

# REQUIRED!!!
# Django requires models that are being used to be exposed in this models
# directory
# Because we have opted to use the `versions` folder for storing the structure
# of our project, that means we need to surface those models explicitly here in
# order to remove the possibility of a missing model during the `makemigrations`
# and `migrate` commands
from django_app_name.versions.v1.models.example_model_one import *
from django_app_name.versions.v1.models.example_model_two import *
from django_app_name.versions.v1.models.example_model_three import *
...

有了这个，我就可以将我的模型用于makemigrations和migrate。

非常微妙：）

Django系统检查，迁移和测试在本地通过，但在Docker CI / CD环境中失败

问题

环境

在本地运行的步骤

在GitLab CI / CD中运行的步骤

模型

寻求帮助

1 个答案: