使用Serde反序列化时,如何将特殊值转换为Option :: None?

时间:2019-05-30 19:22:08

标签: rust serde

我正在将数据解析为:

struct Data {
    field1: Option<f32>,
    field2: Option<u64>,
    // more ...
}

问题是我的输入数据格式将Rust中的None格式设置为“ n/a”。

如何告诉Serde,Option<T>应该是特定字符串None的{​​{1}},而不是错误?我们可以假设这不适用于n/a

这不是与How to deserialize "NaN" as `nan` with serde_json?相同的问题,因为这是根据特殊值创建String,而我的问题是根据特殊值创建f32。它也不是How to transform fields during deserialization using Serde?,因为它仍然涉及特定类型。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您可以编写自己的反序列化函数来处理这种情况:

use serde::de::Deserializer;
use serde::Deserialize;

// custom deserializer function
fn deserialize_maybe_nan<'de, D, T: Deserialize<'de>>(
    deserializer: D,
) -> Result<Option<T>, D::Error>
where
    D: Deserializer<'de>,
{
    // we define a local enum type inside of the function
    // because it is untagged, serde will deserialize as the first variant
    // that it can
    #[derive(Deserialize)]
    #[serde(untagged)]
    enum MaybeNA<U> {
        // if it can be parsed as Option<T>, it will be
        Value(Option<U>),
        // otherwise try parsing as a string
        NAString(String),
    }

    // deserialize into local enum
    let value: MaybeNA<T> = Deserialize::deserialize(deserializer)?;
    match value {
        // if parsed as T or None, return that
        MaybeNA::Value(value) => Ok(value),

        // otherwise, if value is string an "n/a", return None
        // (and fail if it is any other string)
        MaybeNA::NAString(string) => {
            if string == "n/a" {
                Ok(None)
            } else {
                Err(serde::de::Error::custom("Unexpected string"))
            }
        }
    }
}

然后,您可以使用#[serde(default, deserialize_with = "deserialize_maybe_nan")]标记字段以使用此功能而不是默认功能:

#[serde(Deserialize)]
struct Data {
    #[serde(default, deserialize_with = "deserialize_maybe_nan")]
    field1: Option<f32>,
    #[serde(default, deserialize_with = "deserialize_maybe_nan")]
    field2: Option<u64>,
    // more ...
}

Working playground example

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