Question

我是编程的新手，我正在尝试下载NLTK以便在使用Python的聊天机器人上工作。目前，我正在运行Python 2.7。根据可用的NLTK的文档，“ NLTK需要Python版本2.7、3.5、3.6或3.7。”

我下载了Homebrew并运行了文档中建议的命令，但是收到了错误消息。

Leonas-MacBook-Air:~ leonaadriennestephanieponce$ sudo pip install -U nltk
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Password:
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7.
WARNING: The directory '/Users/leonaadriennestephanieponce/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
WARNING: The directory '/Users/leonaadriennestephanieponce/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting nltk
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/73/56/90178929712ce427ebad179f8dc46c8deef4e89d4c853092bee1efd57d05/nltk-3.4.1.zip (3.1MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 3.1MB 548kB/s 
    ERROR: Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    ERROR: error in nltk setup command: 'install_requires' must be a string or list of strings containing valid project/version requirement specifiers; Expected version spec in singledispatch; python_version < "3.4" at ; python_version < "3.4"
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/tmp/pip-install-OTcEsN/nltk/
Leonas-MacBook-Air:~ leonaadriennestephanieponce$ sudo easy_install pip
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Searching for pip
Best match: pip 19.1.1
Processing pip-19.1.1-py2.7.egg
pip 19.1.1 is already the active version in easy-install.pth
Installing pip script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pip2.7 script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pip2 script to /usr/local/bin

Using /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.1.1-py2.7.egg
Processing dependencies for pip
Finished processing dependencies for pip
Leonas-MacBook-Air:~ leonaadriennestephanieponce$ sudo pip install -U nltk
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7.
WARNING: The directory '/Users/leonaadriennestephanieponce/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
WARNING: The directory '/Users/leonaadriennestephanieponce/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting nltk
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/73/56/90178929712ce427ebad179f8dc46c8deef4e89d4c853092bee1efd57d05/nltk-3.4.1.zip (3.1MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 3.1MB 465kB/s 
    ERROR: Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    ERROR: error in nltk setup command: 'install_requires' must be a string or list of strings containing valid project/version requirement specifiers; Expected version spec in singledispatch; python_version < "3.4" at ; python_version < "3.4"
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/tmp/pip-install-vY99RW/nltk/
Leonas-MacBook-Air:~ leonaadriennestephanieponce$

根据https://www.nltk.org/install.html

中提供的文档

我尝试了“ sudo pip install -U nltk”命令，该命令返回了错误：

ERROR: Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
ERROR: error in nltk setup command: 'install_requires' must be a string or list of strings containing valid project/version requirement specifiers; Expected version spec in singledispatch; python_version < "3.4" at ; python_version < "3.4"
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/tmp/pip-install-OTcEsN/nltk/

我也很幸运地尝试了文档页面底部的建议，特别是“对于旧版本的Python，可能需要安装setuptools（请参阅http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools）和安装pip（sudo easy_install pip） ”。导致以下错误：

ERROR: Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
ERROR: error in nltk setup command: 'install_requires' must be a string or list of strings containing valid project/version requirement specifiers; Expected version spec in singledispatch; python_version < "3.4" at ; python_version < "3.4"
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/tmp/pip-install-vY99RW/nltk/

非常感谢您的帮助！美国佛罗里达州木星非常感谢！

Answer 1

我通过升级setuptools解决了这个问题： pip install setuptools -U --user

您可能不需要--user，我需要它，因为没有它，我会遇到权限错误。

Answer 2

尝试运行sudo -H pip3 install -U nltk

Answer 3

由于setuptools版本较低而发生此问题，您可以通过三个步骤来解决此问题。

要检查setuptools版本：

python -c "import setuptools; print setuptools.__version__"

1。升级到最新版本的setuptools：

 sudo pip install -U setuptools

要检查setuptools版本：

python -c "import nltk; print nltk.__version__"

2。最新升级或安装nltk：

sudo pip install -U nltk

3。检查nltk模块：

>>> import nltk

在Python环境中设置NLTK的问题

3 个答案: