如何为用户创建和删除数据库列创建动态SQLite格式
例如,在活动屏幕上,它最初是:
Trial 1: Input 1 Input 2
但是在点击“添加行”按钮后,它会添加如下另一行
Trial 1: Input 1 Input 2
Trial 2: Input 1 Input 2
但是,如果用户想删除第二行,它将返回到初始状态。 我在底部添加了图片,以显示我的意思。
我只是开始学习如何使用Android Studio,因此我想我可以将原始SQLite实体设置为具有20列,假设两列代表每个试验的每个输入,并且假设它们不这样做超过10次试用的任何内容。但是由于我不知道用户会输入多少次试用,因此如果用户要进行10次以上,那就是一个问题。
这是对的吗?或者是否可以通过单击“添加行”按钮在数据库中为每个输入动态添加两个额外的列。还是我需要两个不同的数据库,以相同的ID将每个输入保存到每个数据库,并通过相同的主键ID获取值? 这是图片:
最初:
单击按钮后:
答案 0 :(得分:0)
这是对的吗?还是可以通过单击“添加行”按钮为数据库中的每个输入动态添加两个额外的列。
您可能不希望考虑动态地管理列表,而是利用 ListView 来列出当前数据以及用于输入新数据的一组EditText。
或者我需要两个 不同的数据库将每个输入与 相同的ID并通过相同的主键ID获取值?
在列和数据库之间有表。因此,问题似乎是要在实验中增加可变数量的试验。然后,在试验中包含一个试验,因此您可能会有一个试验表和一个试验表,后者引用该试验所属的单个父试验。
多个数据库。您很可能不希望出现并发症,也没有任何必要。
这是一个工作示例(尽管非常基础,尤其是布局方面),其中包含大量可以添加试验的实验。该代码添加了3个实验进行演示,分别命名为实验1,实验2和实验3。
首次运行时,任何实验都不会存在任何试验。输入数据(2个编辑文本)并单击“添加”按钮后,即可添加它们。在顶部显示“实验名称”,然后单击一个“下一步”按钮,将在实验之间循环并显示该实验的试验(如果有)。
每个实验的尝试次数是无限的。
首先布局 activity_main.xml ,该布局具有
代码是:-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World!"
/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:id="@+id/experimentsection"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#FFAAAAFF">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/currentexperiment"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="8"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="No Experiment"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/nextexperiment"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="2"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="NEXT"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/inputsection"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/input1"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="4"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/input2"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="4"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/add"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="2"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="ADD"/>
</LinearLayout>
<ListView
android:id="@+id/currentdata"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</ListView>
</LinearLayout>
数据库帮助器 DBHelper.java ,它定义了具有3列的单个表
代码是:-
public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
public static final String DBNAME = "mydb";
public static final int DBVERSION = 1;
public static final String TBL_EXPERIMENT = "experiment";
public static final String COL_ID = BaseColumns._ID;
public static final String COL_EXPERIMENT_NAME = "experiment_name";
public static final String TBL_MYTABLE1 = "mytable1";
public static final String COL_EXPERIMENT_REF = "experiment_ref";
public static final String COl_DATA1 = "data1";
public static final String COL_DATA2 = "data2";
SQLiteDatabase mDB;
public DBHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DBNAME, null, DBVERSION);
mDB = this.getWritableDatabase();
}
@Override
public void onConfigure(SQLiteDatabase db) {
super.onConfigure(db);
db.setForeignKeyConstraintsEnabled(true);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + TBL_EXPERIMENT + "(" +
COL_ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY," +
COL_EXPERIMENT_NAME + " TEXT UNIQUE" +
")"
);
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS " + TBL_MYTABLE1 + "(" +
COL_ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY," +
COL_EXPERIMENT_REF + " INTEGER " +
" REFERENCES " + TBL_EXPERIMENT + "(" +
COL_ID +
")," +
COl_DATA1 + " TEXT," +
COL_DATA2 + " TEXT" +
")"
);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
}
public long addExperiment(String name) {
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
cv.put(COL_EXPERIMENT_NAME,name);
return mDB.insert(TBL_EXPERIMENT,null,cv);
}
public long addTrial(long expermientId, String data1, String data2) {
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
cv.put(COL_EXPERIMENT_REF,expermientId);
cv.put(COl_DATA1,data1);
cv.put(COL_DATA2,data2);
return mDB.insert(TBL_MYTABLE1,null ,cv);
}
public Cursor getAllRowsForAnExperiment(long experimentId) {
String whereclause = COL_EXPERIMENT_REF + "=?";
String[] whereargs = new String[]{String.valueOf(experimentId)};
return mDB.query(TBL_MYTABLE1,null,whereclause,whereargs,null,null,null);
}
public Cursor getAllExperiments() {
return mDB.query(TBL_EXPERIMENT,null,null,null,null,null,null);
}
public int deleteTrial(long id) {
String whereclause = COL_ID + "=?";
String[] whereargs = new String[]{String.valueOf(id)};
return mDB.delete(TBL_MYTABLE1,whereclause,whereargs);
}
}
最后将所有内容组合在一起是 MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//Define Class variables
DBHelper mDBHlpr;
Cursor mCursor, mExperiments;
SimpleCursorAdapter mSCA;
EditText mInput1, mInput2;
TextView mExperimentName;
Button mAdd, mNextExperiment;
ListView mListView;
long mCurrentExperimentId = 0;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); // Set the layout to be displayed
//Instaniate the layout objects to be used
mExperimentName = this.findViewById(R.id.currentexperiment);
mNextExperiment = this.findViewById(R.id.nextexperiment);
mInput1 = this.findViewById(R.id.input1);
mInput2 = this.findViewById(R.id.input2);
mAdd = this.findViewById(R.id.add);
mListView = this.findViewById(R.id.currentdata);
//Instantiate the Database helper
mDBHlpr = new DBHelper(this);
addSomeExperiments();
mExperiments = mDBHlpr.getAllExperiments();
// Do the work
manageExperimentButton();
manageListView();
manageAddButton();
}
/**
* Manage the list view,
* call this anytime the list is to be created (only once)
* or the list is changed (e.g. after adding)
*/
private void manageListView() {
mCursor = mDBHlpr.getAllRowsForAnExperiment(mCurrentExperimentId); // Get the current data
// If the Adapter hasn't been instantiated do so
if (mSCA == null) {
mSCA = new SimpleCursorAdapter(
this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2,
mCursor,
new String[]{DBHelper.COl_DATA1, DBHelper.COL_DATA2},
new int[]{android.R.id.text1, android.R.id.text2},
0
);
mListView.setAdapter(mSCA); // Tie the adpater to the listview
//<<<<<<<<< EXTRA DELETE A ROW WHEN LONG CLICKED >>>>>>>>>>
mListView.setOnItemLongClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener() {
@Override
public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
if(mDBHlpr.deleteTrial(id) > 0) {
Toast.makeText(view.getContext(),"Deleted",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
manageListView();
} else {
Toast.makeText(view.getContext(),"NOT deleted????",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
return true; // set this event as having been actioned
}
});
} else {
// If adapter has been instantiated tell it that the data has changed
mSCA.swapCursor(mCursor);
}
}
//Handle the Add button by adding an onClick listener
private void manageAddButton() {
mAdd.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//First thing check if there is data to be added
if (mInput1.getText().toString().length() < 1) {
Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),"No data in Input1. Try again",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
mInput1.requestFocus();
return;
}
if (mInput2.getText().toString().length() < 1) {
Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),"No data in Input2. Try again",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
mInput2.requestFocus();
return;
}
// If there is data to be added, try adding it
// if the value returned from addRow is less than 1 or more then data was added
if (mDBHlpr.addTrial(mCurrentExperimentId, mInput1.getText().toString(),mInput2.getText().toString()) > 0) {
Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),"Added",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
// As data has been added refresh the ListView
manageListView();
// and clear the input fields
mInput1.setText("");
mInput2.setText("");
// and finally position the focus on the first input
mInput1.requestFocus();
} else {
// Ooops something went wrong (very unlikely with the current db schema)
Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),"Not Added????",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
});
}
private void manageExperimentButton() {
mExperiments = mDBHlpr.getAllExperiments();
mExperiments.moveToFirst();
handleCurrentExperiment();
mNextExperiment.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if(!mExperiments.moveToNext()) {
mExperiments.moveToFirst();
}
handleCurrentExperiment();
}
});
}
private void handleCurrentExperiment() {
mCurrentExperimentId = mExperiments.getLong(mExperiments.getColumnIndex(DBHelper.COL_ID));
mExperimentName.setText(mExperiments.getString(mExperiments.getColumnIndex(DBHelper.COL_EXPERIMENT_NAME)));
manageListView();
}
//When the activity finishes close the cursor
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
mCursor.close();
}
//If returning to the activity refresh the ListView
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
manageListView();
}
private void addSomeExperiments() {
// Add some experiments if none exist
if(DatabaseUtils.queryNumEntries(mDBHlpr.getWritableDatabase(),DBHelper.TBL_EXPERIMENT) > 0 ) return;
mDBHlpr.addExperiment("Experiment 1");
mDBHlpr.addExperiment("Experiment 2");
mDBHlpr.addExperiment("Experiment 3");
}
}
具有近20个试验的实验屏幕快照(添加了A-Z)(尽管无用信息)。该代码还包括通过长按列表中的试验来删除试验(可以看到一些试验已被删除,例如试验E已被删除):
点击NEXT即可进入实验1,该实验的试验次数较少:-