我有一个包含名称的字符串，并且在大多数情况下，它的后缀带有一个或两个数字。此数字后缀应与名称分开。一个数字代表一种状态，应提取出来。如果有两个数字，则是从右数第二个；如果有一个数字，则是从右数第一个。这些数字用下划线分隔。在名称中也可以使用下划线。 结果应为具有明确名称和提取状态的列。
我试图用标准字符串函数（例如Substring，Charindex，Patindex，LEN和son on）解决问题。但是我的方法很快变得非常笨重，难以维护。我想知道是否有一种具有常规SQl-Server功能的优雅解决方案（如果可能的话，无需为regex安装额外功能）。
SELECT _data.myStr
-- , ... AS clearname /*String cleaned from number_postfixes*/
-- , ... AS Status /*second number from the right*/
FROM (
SELECT 'tree_leafs_offer_2_1' AS myStr --clearname: tree_leafs_offer; cut off: _2_1; extracted status: 2
UNION
SELECT 'tree_leafs_offer_2_10' AS myStr --clearname: tree_leafs_offer_2_10; cut off: _2_10; extracted status: 2
UNION
SELECT 'tree_leafs_offer_2_2' AS myStr --clearname: tree_leafs_offer; cut off: _2_2; extracted status: 2
UNION
SELECT 'tree_leafs_offer_1150_1' AS myStr --clearname: tree_leafs_offer; cut off: _1150_1; extracted status: 1150
UNION
SELECT 'tree_leafs_offer_1150_10' AS myStr --clearname: tree_leafs_offer; cut off: _1150_10; extracted status: 1150
UNION
SELECT 'builder_bundle_less_xl_1' AS myStr --clearname: builder_bundle_less_xl; cut off: _1; extracted status: 1
UNION
SELECT 'builder_bundle_less_xl_10' AS myStr --clearname: builder_bundle_less_xl; cut off: _10; extracted status: 10
UNION
SELECT 'static_components_wolves_10_4' AS myStr --clearname: static_components_wolves; cut off: _10_4; extracted status: 4
UNION
SELECT 'coke_0_boring_components_bundle_grant_1' AS myStr --clearname: oke_0_boring_components_bundle_grant; cut off: _1; extracted status: 1
UNION
SELECT 'coke_0_soccer18_end_1_4h_101' AS myStr --clearname: coke_0_soccer18_end_1_4h; cut off: _101; extracted status: 101
UNION
SELECT 'coke_0_late_downsell_bundle_high_114' AS myStr --clearname: coke_0_late_downsell_bundle_high; cut off: _114; extracted status: 114
UNION
SELECT 'itembundle_mine_bundle_small' AS myStr --clearname: itembundle_mine_bundle_small; cut off: <nothing>; extracted status: NULL
) AS _data
As-Is Result:
-----------------
myStr:
---------------------------------------
builder_bundle_less_xl_1
builder_bundle_less_xl_10
coke_0_boring_components_bundle_grant_1
coke_0_late_downsell_bundle_high_114
coke_0_soccer18_end_1_4h_101
itembundle_mine_bundle_small
static_components_wolves_10_4
tree_leafs_offer_1150_1
tree_leafs_offer_1150_10
tree_leafs_offer_2_1
tree_leafs_offer_2_10
tree_leafs_offer_2_2
To-Be Result (two new columns):
-------------------
clearname: |Status
----------------------------------------------
builder_bundle_less_xl | 1
builder_bundle_less_xl | 10
coke_0_boring_components_bundle_grant | 1
coke_0_late_downsell_bundle_high | 114
coke_0_soccer18_end_1_4h | 101
itembundle_mine_bundle_small |NULL
static_components_wolves | 10
tree_leafs_offer |1150
tree_leafs_offer |1150
tree_leafs_offer | 2
tree_leafs_offer | 2
tree_leafs_offer | 2
答案 0 :(得分：3)
说实话：这种格式太糟糕了！如果这不是一次性动作，那么您必须尝试在之前更改此操作。
但是-如果您必须坚持这样做-您可以尝试一下：
编辑：解决了状态位置的错误计算...
DECLARE @tbl TABLE(ID INT IDENTITY,myStr VARCHAR(1000));
INSERT INTO @tbl VALUES
('tree_leafs_offer_2_1')
,('tree_leafs_offer_2_10')
,('tree_leafs_offer_2_2')
,('tree_leafs_offer_1150_1')
,('tree_leafs_offer_1150_10')
,('builder_bundle_less_xl_1')
,('builder_bundle_less_xl_10')
,('static_components_wolves_10_4')
,('coke_0_boring_components_bundle_grant_1')
,('coke_0_soccer18_end_1_4h_101')
,('coke_0_late_downsell_bundle_high_114')
,('itembundle_mine_bundle_small');
-查询
WITH cte AS
(
SELECT t.ID
,t.myStr
,A.[key] AS Position
,A.[value] AS WordFragment
,B.CastedToInt
FROM @tbl t
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(N'["' + REPLACE(t.myStr,'_','","') + '"]') A
CROSS APPLY(SELECT TRY_CAST(A.[value] AS INT)) B(CastedToInt)
)
SELECT ID
,myStr
,STUFF(
(SELECT CONCAT('_',cte2.WordFragment)
FROM cte cte2
WHERE cte2.ID=cte.ID
AND cte2.Position<=A.PositionHighestNonInt
ORDER BY cte2.Position
FOR XML PATH('')
),1,1,'') AS ClearName
,(SELECT cte3.CastedToInt FROM cte cte3 WHERE cte3.ID=cte.ID AND cte3.Position=A.PositionHighestNonInt+1) AS [Status]
FROM cte
CROSS APPLY (
SELECT ISNULL(MAX(x.Position),1000)
FROM cte x
WHERE x.ID=cte.ID AND x.CastedToInt IS NULL
) A(PositionHighestNonInt)
GROUP BY ID,myStr,PositionHighestNonInt;
结果
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| ID | ClearName | Status |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 1 | tree_leafs_offer | 2 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 2 | tree_leafs_offer | 2 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 3 | tree_leafs_offer | 2 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 4 | tree_leafs_offer | 1150 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 5 | tree_leafs_offer | 1150 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 6 | builder_bundle_less_xl | 1 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 7 | builder_bundle_less_xl | 10 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 8 | static_components_wolves | 10 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 9 | coke_0_boring_components_bundle_grant | 1 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 10 | coke_0_soccer18_end_1_4h | 101 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 11 | coke_0_late_downsell_bundle_high | 114 |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
| 12 | itembundle_mine_bundle_small | NULL |
+----+---------------------------------------+--------+
想法：
OPENJSON使用技巧，以拆分字符串并查找可以转换为INT的部分。Status将成为下一个索引STRING_AGG，但在v2016中，我们必须使用基于XML的技巧将所有片段连接到之前 [Status]。答案 1 :(得分：1)
一种可能的方法是使用字符串替换和SQL Server 2016+的JSON功能。每行都被反转并转换为有效的JSON数组（例如，'tree_leafs_offer_2_1'转换为'["1","2","reffo","sfael","eert"]'）。然后，您可以使用JSON_VALUE(<json_array>, '$[0]')，JSON_VALUE(<json_array>, '$[1]')和TRY_CONVERT()轻松检查第一和第二项是否为有效数字。如果您在右边最多有两个数字，这将起作用。
输入：
CREATE TABLE #Data (
myStr varchar(max)
)
INSERT INTO #Data
(MyStr)
VALUES
('tree_leafs_offer_2_1'),
('tree_leafs_offer_2_10'),
('tree_leafs_offer_2_2'),
('tree_leafs_offer_1150_1'),
('tree_leafs_offer_1150_10'),
('builder_bundle_less_xl_1'),
('builder_bundle_less_xl_10'),
('static_components_wolves_10_4'),
('coke_0_boring_components_bundle_grant_1'),
('coke_0_soccer18_end_1_4h_101'),
('coke_0_late_downsell_bundle_high_114'),
('itembundle_mine_bundle_small')
T-SQL：
SELECT
LEFT(myStr, LEN(myStr) - CHARINDEX('_', REVERSE(myStr))) as ClearName,
REVERSE(LEFT(REVERSE(myStr), CHARINDEX('_', REVERSE(myStr)) - 1)) AS Status
FROM (
SELECT
CASE
WHEN
TRY_CONVERT(int, REVERSE(JSON_VALUE(CONCAT('["', REPLACE(STRING_ESCAPE(REVERSE(MyStr), 'json'), '_', '","'), '"]'), '$[1]'))) IS NULL AND
TRY_CONVERT(int, REVERSE(JSON_VALUE(CONCAT('["', REPLACE(STRING_ESCAPE(REVERSE(MyStr), 'json'), '_', '","'), '"]'), '$[0]'))) IS NULL
THEN CONCAT(myStr, '_0')
WHEN
TRY_CONVERT(int, REVERSE(JSON_VALUE(CONCAT('["', REPLACE(STRING_ESCAPE(REVERSE(MyStr), 'json'), '_', '","'), '"]'), '$[1]'))) IS NULL AND
TRY_CONVERT(int, REVERSE(JSON_VALUE(CONCAT('["', REPLACE(STRING_ESCAPE(REVERSE(MyStr), 'json'), '_', '","'), '"]'), '$[0]'))) IS NOT NULL
THEN MyStr
ELSE LEFT(myStr, LEN(myStr) - CHARINDEX('_', REVERSE(myStr)))
END AS myStr
FROM #Data
) fixed
ORDER BY MyStr
输出：
----------------------------------------------
ClearName Status
----------------------------------------------
builder_bundle_less_xl 1
builder_bundle_less_xl 10
coke_0_boring_components_bundle_grant 1
coke_0_late_downsell_bundle_high 114
coke_0_soccer18_end_1_4h 101
itembundle_mine_bundle_small 0
static_components_wolves 10
tree_leafs_offer 1150
tree_leafs_offer 1150
tree_leafs_offer 2
tree_leafs_offer 2
tree_leafs_offer 2